Programming Language and compiler
Benchmarks

Crystal VS Zig benchmarks

Current benchmark data was generated on Mon Apr 14 2025, full log can be found HERE

CONTRIBUTIONS are WELCOME!

[x86_64][4 cores] AMD EPYC 7763 64-Core Processor (Model 1)

* -m in a file name stands for multi-threading or multi-processing

* -i in a file name stands for direct intrinsics usage. (Usage of simd intrinsics via libraries is not counted)

* -ffi in a file name stands for non-stdlib FFI usage

* (You may find time < time(user) + time(sys) for some non-parallelized programs, the overhead is from GC or JIT compiler, which are allowed to take advantage of multi-cores as that's more close to real-world scenarios.)

binarytrees

Input: 18

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
crystal 1.cr 1247ms 8.3ms 64.0MB 1223ms 13ms crystal 1.16.0
zig 1.zig 1894ms 41ms 49.0MB 1867ms 17ms zig 0.14.0

Input: 15

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
crystal 1.cr 107ms 2.4ms 10.9MB 97ms 0ms crystal 1.16.0
zig 1.zig 152ms 2.5ms 7.0MB 140ms 0ms zig 0.14.0

coro-prime-sieve

Input: 4000

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
crystal 1.cr 1555ms 17ms 19.8MB 1483ms 60ms crystal 1.16.0

Input: 1000

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
crystal 1.cr 86ms 2.7ms 7.0MB 67ms 10ms crystal 1.16.0

edigits

Input: 250001

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
crystal 1.cr 59ms 0.2ms 6.4MB 40ms 3ms crystal 1.16.0
zig 1.zig 2266ms 7.9ms 2.5MB 2240ms 17ms zig 0.14.0

Input: 100000

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
crystal 1.cr 23ms 1.2ms 5.1MB 10ms 0ms crystal 1.16.0
zig 1.zig 382ms 1.2ms 1.9MB 367ms 0ms zig 0.14.0

fannkuch-redux

Input: 11

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
zig 2-m.zig 631ms 8.0ms 1.4MB 2400ms 0ms zig 0.14.0
zig 3-i.zig 1768ms 2.0ms 1.0MB 1760ms 0ms zig 0.14.0
crystal 1.cr 2465ms 3.2ms 2.8MB 2457ms 0ms crystal 1.16.0
zig 1.zig 2714ms 7.8ms 1.1MB 2707ms 0ms zig 0.14.0

Input: 10

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
zig 2-m.zig 60ms 1.2ms 1.4MB 200ms 0ms zig 0.14.0
zig 3-i.zig 148ms 1.0ms 1.0MB 140ms 0ms zig 0.14.0
crystal 1.cr 204ms 1.4ms 2.8MB 190ms 0ms crystal 1.16.0
zig 1.zig 229ms 0.7ms 1.0MB 220ms 0ms zig 0.14.0

fasta

Input: 2500000

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
zig 1.zig 87ms 0.7ms 1.0MB 80ms 0ms zig 0.14.0
crystal 2.cr 553ms 1.2ms 3.5MB 453ms 87ms crystal 1.16.0
crystal 1.cr 691ms 0.8ms 14.4MB 573ms 107ms crystal 1.16.0

Input: 250000

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
zig 1.zig 11ms 0.8ms 1.0MB 0ms 0ms zig 0.14.0
crystal 2.cr 61ms 0.9ms 3.5MB 40ms 10ms crystal 1.16.0
crystal 1.cr 74ms 1.6ms 4.8MB 50ms 10ms crystal 1.16.0

helloworld

Input: QwQ

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
zig 1.zig 1.0ms 0.0ms 1.0MB 0ms 0ms zig 0.14.0
crystal 1.cr 1.9ms 0.1ms 2.8MB 0ms 0ms crystal 1.16.0

http-server

Input: 3000

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
crystal 1.cr 2319ms 124ms 255.6MB 313ms 490ms crystal 1.16.0

Input: 500

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
crystal 1.cr 1250ms 107ms 59.0MB 37ms 80ms crystal 1.16.0

lru

Input: 1000 1000000

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
zig 1.zig 34ms 1.8ms 2.8MB 23ms 0ms zig 0.14.0
crystal 0-unsafe.cr 37ms 1.4ms 2.9MB 30ms 0ms crystal 1.16.0
crystal 1.cr 64ms 0.9ms 2.9MB 53ms 0ms crystal 1.16.0

Input: 1000 3000000

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
zig 1.zig 93ms 2.6ms 2.8MB 87ms 0ms zig 0.14.0
crystal 0-unsafe.cr 99ms 1.1ms 2.9MB 90ms 0ms crystal 1.16.0
crystal 1.cr 185ms 0.7ms 2.9MB 173ms 0ms crystal 1.16.0

Input: 100 500000

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
zig 1.zig 15ms 0.2ms 1.3MB 10ms 0ms zig 0.14.0
crystal 0-unsafe.cr 18ms 1.3ms 2.9MB 10ms 0ms crystal 1.16.0
crystal 1.cr 30ms 1.7ms 2.9MB 20ms 0ms crystal 1.16.0

mandelbrot

Input: 5000

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
zig 1.zig 247ms 0.1ms 4.0MB 240ms 0ms zig 0.14.0
crystal 1.cr 313ms 1.1ms 9.1MB 300ms 0ms crystal 1.16.0

Input: 1000

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
zig 1.zig 12ms 0.2ms 1.1MB 10ms 0ms zig 0.14.0
crystal 1.cr 17ms 0.4ms 6.3MB 10ms 0ms crystal 1.16.0

merkletrees

Input: 17

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
crystal 1.cr 843ms 7.3ms 64.0MB 823ms 10ms crystal 1.16.0
zig 1.zig 905ms 67ms 41.0MB 880ms 10ms zig 0.14.0

Input: 15

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
crystal 1.cr 174ms 5.4ms 22.1MB 157ms 0ms crystal 1.16.0
zig 1.zig 178ms 2.5ms 11.0MB 170ms 0ms zig 0.14.0

nbody

Input: 5000000

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
zig 3.zig 198ms 0.4ms 1.0MB 190ms 0ms zig 0.14.0
zig 2.zig 280ms 0.3ms 1.0MB 270ms 0ms zig 0.14.0
zig 1.zig 315ms 0.5ms 1.1MB 307ms 0ms zig 0.14.0
crystal 1.cr 344ms 0.9ms 3.1MB 333ms 0ms crystal 1.16.0
crystal 2.cr 344ms 2.7ms 3.1MB 333ms 0ms crystal 1.16.0

Input: 500000

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
zig 3.zig 22ms 0.2ms 1.0MB 10ms 0ms zig 0.14.0
zig 2.zig 30ms 0.1ms 1.0MB 20ms 0ms zig 0.14.0
zig 1.zig 34ms 0.4ms 1.1MB 30ms 0ms zig 0.14.0
crystal 2.cr 37ms 0.6ms 3.1MB 30ms 0ms crystal 1.16.0
crystal 1.cr 39ms 0.7ms 3.3MB 30ms 0ms crystal 1.16.0

nsieve

Input: 12

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
zig 1.zig 263ms 1.3ms 40.1MB 250ms 0ms zig 0.14.0
crystal 2.cr 298ms 3.7ms 8.1MB 287ms 0ms crystal 1.16.0
zig 2.zig 328ms 2.0ms 6.0MB 320ms 0ms zig 0.14.0
crystal 1.cr 425ms 7.5ms 62.4MB 410ms 0ms crystal 1.16.0

Input: 10

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
zig 1.zig 50ms 1.1ms 10.8MB 40ms 0ms zig 0.14.0
crystal 2.cr 74ms 1.4ms 4.4MB 67ms 0ms crystal 1.16.0
zig 2.zig 80ms 0.0ms 2.3MB 70ms 0ms zig 0.14.0
crystal 1.cr 88ms 0.8ms 13.0MB 80ms 0ms crystal 1.16.0

pidigits

Input: 8000

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
crystal 1.cr 1901ms 45ms 6.2MB 1870ms 17ms crystal 1.16.0
zig 1.zig 2458ms 14ms 2.2MB 2430ms 13ms zig 0.14.0

Input: 4000

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
crystal 1.cr 438ms 9.9ms 5.1MB 423ms 0ms crystal 1.16.0
zig 1.zig 568ms 5.0ms 1.8MB 557ms 0ms zig 0.14.0

spectral-norm

Input: 8000

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
zig 1.zig 3690ms 5.3ms 1.4MB 3680ms 0ms zig 0.14.0
crystal 1.cr 3762ms 7.2ms 4.5MB 3753ms 0ms crystal 1.16.0

Input: 4000

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
zig 1.zig 923ms 2.2ms 1.3MB 913ms 0ms zig 0.14.0
crystal 1.cr 950ms 9.5ms 4.3MB 940ms 0ms crystal 1.16.0

Input: 2000

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
zig 1.zig 234ms 1.1ms 1.3MB 230ms 0ms zig 0.14.0
crystal 1.cr 240ms 2.6ms 3.8MB 233ms 0ms crystal 1.16.0