Programming Language and compiler
Benchmarks

Crystal VS Zig benchmarks

Current benchmark data was generated on Sat Mar 29 2025, full log can be found HERE

CONTRIBUTIONS are WELCOME!

[x86_64][4 cores] AMD EPYC 7763 64-Core Processor (Model 1)

* -m in a file name stands for multi-threading or multi-processing

* -i in a file name stands for direct intrinsics usage. (Usage of simd intrinsics via libraries is not counted)

* -ffi in a file name stands for non-stdlib FFI usage

* (You may find time < time(user) + time(sys) for some non-parallelized programs, the overhead is from GC or JIT compiler, which are allowed to take advantage of multi-cores as that's more close to real-world scenarios.)

binarytrees

Input: 18

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
crystal 1.cr 1256ms 14ms 64.0MB 1233ms 7ms crystal 1.15.1
zig 1.zig 2060ms 58ms 49.0MB 2023ms 20ms zig 0.14.0

Input: 15

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
crystal 1.cr 104ms 3.0ms 10.9MB 90ms 0ms crystal 1.15.1
zig 1.zig 154ms 0.4ms 7.0MB 140ms 0ms zig 0.14.0

coro-prime-sieve

Input: 4000

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
crystal 1.cr 1216ms 13ms 19.6MB 1143ms 53ms crystal 1.15.1

Input: 1000

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
crystal 1.cr 71ms 1.5ms 7.0MB 43ms 10ms crystal 1.15.1

edigits

Input: 250001

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
crystal 1.cr 58ms 0.5ms 6.4MB 43ms 0ms crystal 1.15.1
zig 1.zig 2261ms 6.6ms 2.5MB 2230ms 17ms zig 0.14.0

Input: 100000

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
crystal 1.cr 22ms 1.6ms 5.0MB 10ms 0ms crystal 1.15.1
zig 1.zig 383ms 2.7ms 1.9MB 367ms 7ms zig 0.14.0

fannkuch-redux

Input: 11

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
zig 2-m.zig 644ms 4.7ms 1.4MB 2407ms 0ms zig 0.14.0
zig 3-i.zig 1767ms 1.5ms 1.0MB 1760ms 0ms zig 0.14.0
crystal 1.cr 2498ms 7.0ms 2.8MB 2487ms 0ms crystal 1.15.1
zig 1.zig 2718ms 1.7ms 1.0MB 2710ms 0ms zig 0.14.0

Input: 10

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
zig 2-m.zig 60ms 1.2ms 1.4MB 200ms 0ms zig 0.14.0
zig 3-i.zig 148ms 0.4ms 1.0MB 140ms 0ms zig 0.14.0
crystal 1.cr 207ms 2.8ms 2.9MB 200ms 0ms crystal 1.15.1
zig 1.zig 230ms 0.9ms 1.0MB 220ms 0ms zig 0.14.0

fasta

Input: 2500000

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
zig 1.zig 88ms 1.5ms 1.0MB 77ms 0ms zig 0.14.0
crystal 2.cr 557ms 5.8ms 3.4MB 460ms 77ms crystal 1.15.1
crystal 1.cr 698ms 1.4ms 14.4MB 580ms 107ms crystal 1.15.1

Input: 250000

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
zig 1.zig 11ms 0.1ms 1.0MB 0ms 0ms zig 0.14.0
crystal 2.cr 59ms 0.6ms 3.5MB 43ms 0ms crystal 1.15.1
crystal 1.cr 75ms 1.4ms 4.8MB 53ms 10ms crystal 1.15.1

helloworld

Input: QwQ

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
zig 1.zig 1.1ms 0.1ms 1.1MB 0ms 0ms zig 0.14.0
crystal 1.cr 2.0ms 0.2ms 2.9MB 0ms 0ms crystal 1.15.1

http-server

Input: 3000

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
crystal 1.cr 2484ms 156ms 256.0MB 320ms 500ms crystal 1.15.1

Input: 500

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
crystal 1.cr 1251ms 108ms 59.4MB 30ms 80ms crystal 1.15.1

lru

Input: 1000 1000000

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
zig 1.zig 34ms 1.0ms 2.8MB 23ms 0ms zig 0.14.0
crystal 0-unsafe.cr 37ms 0.6ms 2.9MB 30ms 0ms crystal 1.15.1
crystal 1.cr 66ms 1.0ms 2.9MB 60ms 0ms crystal 1.15.1

Input: 1000 3000000

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
zig 1.zig 94ms 1.8ms 2.8MB 83ms 0ms zig 0.14.0
crystal 0-unsafe.cr 100ms 2.3ms 2.9MB 90ms 0ms crystal 1.15.1
crystal 1.cr 186ms 3.7ms 2.9MB 173ms 0ms crystal 1.15.1

Input: 100 500000

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
zig 1.zig 15ms 0.4ms 1.3MB 10ms 0ms zig 0.14.0
crystal 0-unsafe.cr 18ms 0.8ms 2.9MB 10ms 0ms crystal 1.15.1
crystal 1.cr 32ms 1.0ms 2.9MB 20ms 0ms crystal 1.15.1

mandelbrot

Input: 5000

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
zig 1.zig 248ms 0.7ms 4.0MB 240ms 0ms zig 0.14.0
crystal 1.cr 313ms 0.1ms 9.0MB 300ms 0ms crystal 1.15.1

Input: 1000

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
zig 1.zig 12ms 0.1ms 1.1MB 10ms 0ms zig 0.14.0
crystal 1.cr 18ms 0.5ms 6.3MB 10ms 0ms crystal 1.15.1

merkletrees

Input: 17

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
crystal 1.cr 847ms 17ms 64.0MB 823ms 10ms crystal 1.15.1
zig 1.zig 899ms 44ms 41.0MB 873ms 13ms zig 0.14.0

Input: 15

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
crystal 1.cr 156ms 3.3ms 22.2MB 140ms 0ms crystal 1.15.1
zig 1.zig 179ms 3.2ms 11.0MB 167ms 0ms zig 0.14.0

nbody

Input: 5000000

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
zig 3.zig 199ms 0.6ms 1.0MB 190ms 0ms zig 0.14.0
zig 2.zig 280ms 0.6ms 1.0MB 270ms 0ms zig 0.14.0
zig 1.zig 316ms 0.5ms 1.1MB 307ms 0ms zig 0.14.0
crystal 2.cr 343ms 2.0ms 3.1MB 333ms 0ms crystal 1.15.1
crystal 1.cr 345ms 1.8ms 3.1MB 337ms 0ms crystal 1.15.1

Input: 500000

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
zig 3.zig 22ms 0.2ms 1.1MB 10ms 0ms zig 0.14.0
zig 2.zig 30ms 0.1ms 1.0MB 20ms 0ms zig 0.14.0
zig 1.zig 34ms 0.4ms 1.1MB 30ms 0ms zig 0.14.0
crystal 1.cr 38ms 1.2ms 3.1MB 30ms 0ms crystal 1.15.1
crystal 2.cr 39ms 0.8ms 3.1MB 30ms 0ms crystal 1.15.1

nsieve

Input: 12

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
zig 1.zig 287ms 11ms 40.1MB 267ms 0ms zig 0.14.0
crystal 2.cr 300ms 2.7ms 8.1MB 290ms 0ms crystal 1.15.1
zig 2.zig 330ms 4.7ms 6.0MB 317ms 0ms zig 0.14.0
crystal 1.cr 424ms 4.1ms 42.3MB 413ms 0ms crystal 1.15.1

Input: 10

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
zig 1.zig 59ms 2.5ms 10.8MB 50ms 0ms zig 0.14.0
crystal 2.cr 77ms 0.8ms 4.4MB 70ms 0ms crystal 1.15.1
zig 2.zig 82ms 0.6ms 2.3MB 70ms 0ms zig 0.14.0
crystal 1.cr 94ms 1.2ms 13.0MB 80ms 0ms crystal 1.15.1

pidigits

Input: 8000

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
crystal 1.cr 1888ms 51ms 6.2MB 1860ms 13ms crystal 1.15.1
zig 1.zig 2469ms 9.2ms 2.3MB 2437ms 20ms zig 0.14.0

Input: 4000

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
crystal 1.cr 458ms 11ms 4.9MB 447ms 0ms crystal 1.15.1
zig 1.zig 567ms 2.6ms 1.8MB 557ms 0ms zig 0.14.0

spectral-norm

Input: 8000

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
zig 1.zig 3693ms 9.0ms 1.4MB 3683ms 0ms zig 0.14.0
crystal 1.cr 3796ms 8.8ms 4.4MB 3783ms 0ms crystal 1.15.1

Input: 4000

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
zig 1.zig 923ms 1.3ms 1.3MB 913ms 0ms zig 0.14.0
crystal 1.cr 955ms 4.2ms 4.3MB 943ms 0ms crystal 1.15.1

Input: 2000

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
zig 1.zig 239ms 8.0ms 1.3MB 230ms 0ms zig 0.14.0
crystal 1.cr 243ms 3.1ms 3.8MB 233ms 0ms crystal 1.15.1