Programming Language and compiler
Benchmarks

Crystal VS Dart benchmarks

Current benchmark data was generated on Sun Jun 01 2025, full log can be found HERE

CONTRIBUTIONS are WELCOME!

[x86_64][4 cores] AMD EPYC 7763 64-Core Processor (Model 1)

* -m in a file name stands for multi-threading or multi-processing

* -i in a file name stands for direct intrinsics usage. (Usage of simd intrinsics via libraries is not counted)

* -ffi in a file name stands for non-stdlib FFI usage

* (You may find time < time(user) + time(sys) for some non-parallelized programs, the overhead is from GC or JIT compiler, which are allowed to take advantage of multi-cores as that's more close to real-world scenarios.)

binarytrees

Input: 18

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
dart 1.dart 706ms 4.7ms 80.9MB 673ms 37ms dart/exe 3.8.1
crystal 1.cr 1219ms 8.5ms 64.2MB 1200ms 10ms crystal 1.16.3

Input: 15

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
dart 1.dart 74ms 0.3ms 43.0MB 50ms 13ms dart/exe 3.8.1
crystal 1.cr 105ms 2.8ms 10.9MB 97ms 0ms crystal 1.16.3

coro-prime-sieve

Input: 4000

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
crystal 1.cr 1500ms 42ms 19.9MB 1437ms 53ms crystal 1.16.3
dart 1.dart 4895ms 33ms 19.3MB 5357ms 67ms dart/exe 3.8.1

Input: 1000

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
crystal 1.cr 81ms 2.1ms 7.1MB 60ms 10ms crystal 1.16.3
dart 1.dart 341ms 1.4ms 10.4MB 347ms 10ms dart/exe 3.8.1

edigits

Input: 250001

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
crystal 1.cr 57ms 0.6ms 6.5MB 40ms 0ms crystal 1.16.3
dart 1.dart 3582ms 14ms 18.0MB 3550ms 23ms dart/exe 3.8.1

Input: 100000

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
crystal 1.cr 22ms 1.4ms 5.3MB 10ms 0ms crystal 1.16.3
dart 1.dart 589ms 2.0ms 10.5MB 567ms 13ms dart/exe 3.8.1

fannkuch-redux

Input: 11

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
crystal 1.cr 2486ms 18ms 2.9MB 2477ms 0ms crystal 1.16.3
dart 2.dart 2684ms 4.0ms 6.3MB 2673ms 0ms dart/exe 3.8.1

Input: 10

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
crystal 1.cr 205ms 2.3ms 2.9MB 197ms 0ms crystal 1.16.3
dart 2.dart 222ms 2.2ms 6.4MB 210ms 0ms dart/exe 3.8.1

fasta

Input: 2500000

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
dart 1.dart 359ms 0.6ms 8.8MB 350ms 0ms dart/exe 3.8.1
crystal 2.cr 536ms 2.9ms 3.5MB 450ms 73ms crystal 1.16.3
crystal 1.cr 678ms 2.3ms 14.6MB 570ms 97ms crystal 1.16.3

Input: 250000

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
dart 1.dart 42ms 0.7ms 8.8MB 30ms 0ms dart/exe 3.8.1
crystal 2.cr 58ms 0.7ms 3.5MB 40ms 10ms crystal 1.16.3
crystal 1.cr 73ms 1.4ms 4.9MB 50ms 7ms crystal 1.16.3

helloworld

Input: QwQ

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
crystal 1.cr 1.9ms 0.2ms 2.9MB 0ms 0ms crystal 1.16.3
dart 1.dart 3.6ms 0.2ms 6.5MB 0ms 0ms dart/exe 3.8.1

http-server

Input: 3000

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
dart 2-m.dart 1272ms 15ms 95.0MB 1293ms 1387ms dart/exe 3.8.1
crystal 1.cr 2991ms 528ms 240.7MB 293ms 427ms crystal 1.16.3
dart 1.dart 4372ms 73ms 103.0MB 1460ms 1617ms dart/exe 3.8.1

Input: 500

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
dart 2-m.dart 243ms 7.1ms 50.3MB 173ms 257ms dart/exe 3.8.1
crystal 1.cr 1293ms 19ms 53.3MB 27ms 77ms crystal 1.16.3
dart 1.dart 2284ms 55ms 50.4MB 167ms 257ms dart/exe 3.8.1

lru

Input: 1000 1000000

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
crystal 0-unsafe.cr 35ms 0.6ms 3.0MB 30ms 0ms crystal 1.16.3
crystal 1.cr 65ms 1.6ms 3.0MB 57ms 0ms crystal 1.16.3
dart 2.dart 166ms 2.9ms 9.1MB 157ms 0ms dart/exe 3.8.1
dart 1.dart 570ms 3.8ms 8.8MB 557ms 0ms dart/exe 3.8.1

Input: 1000 3000000

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
crystal 0-unsafe.cr 99ms 1.4ms 3.0MB 90ms 0ms crystal 1.16.3
crystal 1.cr 191ms 5.3ms 3.0MB 183ms 0ms crystal 1.16.3
dart 2.dart 479ms 4.6ms 9.3MB 463ms 0ms dart/exe 3.8.1
dart 1.dart 1700ms 6.4ms 9.3MB 1683ms 7ms dart/exe 3.8.1

Input: 100 500000

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
crystal 0-unsafe.cr 17ms 0.5ms 3.0MB 10ms 0ms crystal 1.16.3
crystal 1.cr 30ms 0.8ms 3.0MB 20ms 0ms crystal 1.16.3
dart 2.dart 78ms 2.7ms 9.3MB 70ms 0ms dart/exe 3.8.1
dart 1.dart 115ms 1.0ms 9.0MB 103ms 0ms dart/exe 3.8.1

mandelbrot

Input: 5000

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
crystal 1.cr 314ms 0.9ms 9.3MB 300ms 0ms crystal 1.16.3

Input: 1000

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
crystal 1.cr 17ms 0.0ms 5.4MB 10ms 0ms crystal 1.16.3

merkletrees

Input: 17

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
dart 1.dart 321ms 2.5ms 63.9MB 297ms 27ms dart/exe 3.8.1
crystal 1.cr 828ms 9.1ms 64.2MB 810ms 10ms crystal 1.16.3

Input: 15

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
dart 1.dart 86ms 1.4ms 43.8MB 60ms 17ms dart/exe 3.8.1
crystal 1.cr 172ms 4.4ms 22.3MB 160ms 0ms crystal 1.16.3

nbody

Input: 5000000

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
crystal 2.cr 343ms 2.0ms 3.3MB 333ms 0ms crystal 1.16.3
crystal 1.cr 345ms 2.9ms 3.4MB 337ms 0ms crystal 1.16.3
dart 3.dart 407ms 2.1ms 6.3MB 397ms 0ms dart/exe 3.8.1

Input: 500000

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
crystal 1.cr 38ms 1.3ms 3.3MB 30ms 0ms crystal 1.16.3
crystal 2.cr 38ms 0.6ms 3.3MB 30ms 0ms crystal 1.16.3
dart 3.dart 46ms 0.2ms 6.3MB 40ms 0ms dart/exe 3.8.1

nsieve

Input: 12

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
crystal 2.cr 345ms 3.2ms 8.2MB 337ms 0ms crystal 1.16.3
crystal 1.cr 423ms 6.7ms 42.9MB 410ms 0ms crystal 1.16.3

Input: 10

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
crystal 2.cr 87ms 2.3ms 4.5MB 80ms 0ms crystal 1.16.3
crystal 1.cr 91ms 3.5ms 13.2MB 80ms 0ms crystal 1.16.3

pidigits

Input: 8000

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
dart 2.dart 1248ms 3.9ms 14.8MB 1217ms 33ms dart/exe 3.8.1
crystal 1.cr 1947ms 50ms 6.3MB 1917ms 20ms crystal 1.16.3

Input: 4000

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
dart 2.dart 312ms 2.1ms 14.8MB 297ms 17ms dart/exe 3.8.1
crystal 1.cr 450ms 9.9ms 5.0MB 437ms 0ms crystal 1.16.3

spectral-norm

Input: 8000

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
dart 1.dart 3751ms 7.5ms 6.4MB 3740ms 0ms dart/exe 3.8.1
crystal 1.cr 3757ms 8.8ms 4.6MB 3743ms 0ms crystal 1.16.3
dart 2.dart 4932ms 8.5ms 6.3MB 4923ms 0ms dart/exe 3.8.1

Input: 4000

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
dart 1.dart 942ms 2.6ms 6.3MB 930ms 0ms dart/exe 3.8.1
crystal 1.cr 942ms 1.3ms 4.4MB 930ms 0ms crystal 1.16.3
dart 2.dart 1242ms 3.4ms 6.5MB 1233ms 0ms dart/exe 3.8.1

Input: 2000

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
dart 1.dart 239ms 1.4ms 6.3MB 230ms 0ms dart/exe 3.8.1
crystal 1.cr 240ms 1.7ms 3.9MB 230ms 0ms crystal 1.16.3
dart 2.dart 313ms 2.4ms 6.1MB 303ms 0ms dart/exe 3.8.1