Programming Language and compiler
Benchmarks

Crystal VS Dart benchmarks

Current benchmark data was generated on Tue Mar 25 2025, full log can be found HERE

CONTRIBUTIONS are WELCOME!

[x86_64][4 cores] AMD EPYC 7763 64-Core Processor (Model 1)

* -m in a file name stands for multi-threading or multi-processing

* -i in a file name stands for direct intrinsics usage. (Usage of simd intrinsics via libraries is not counted)

* -ffi in a file name stands for non-stdlib FFI usage

* (You may find time < time(user) + time(sys) for some non-parallelized programs, the overhead is from GC or JIT compiler, which are allowed to take advantage of multi-cores as that's more close to real-world scenarios.)

binarytrees

Input: 18

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
dart 1.dart 717ms 2.7ms 80.8MB 687ms 40ms dart/exe 3.7.2
crystal 1.cr 1276ms 8.3ms 64.0MB 1257ms 0ms crystal 1.15.1

Input: 15

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
dart 1.dart 75ms 0.5ms 42.8MB 53ms 13ms dart/exe 3.7.2
crystal 1.cr 105ms 2.2ms 10.9MB 90ms 0ms crystal 1.15.1

coro-prime-sieve

Input: 4000

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
crystal 1.cr 1381ms 34ms 19.6MB 1307ms 57ms crystal 1.15.1
dart 1.dart 4834ms 31ms 19.4MB 5307ms 73ms dart/exe 3.7.2

Input: 1000

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
crystal 1.cr 71ms 3.7ms 7.1MB 50ms 10ms crystal 1.15.1
dart 1.dart 352ms 7.7ms 10.3MB 360ms 10ms dart/exe 3.7.2

edigits

Input: 250001

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
crystal 1.cr 59ms 1.7ms 6.4MB 43ms 0ms crystal 1.15.1
dart 1.dart 3711ms 21ms 18.1MB 3677ms 27ms dart/exe 3.7.2

Input: 100000

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
crystal 1.cr 22ms 0.7ms 5.1MB 10ms 0ms crystal 1.15.1
dart 1.dart 600ms 5.3ms 10.4MB 580ms 13ms dart/exe 3.7.2

fannkuch-redux

Input: 11

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
crystal 1.cr 2508ms 6.1ms 2.8MB 2493ms 0ms crystal 1.15.1
dart 2.dart 2713ms 10ms 6.1MB 2700ms 0ms dart/exe 3.7.2

Input: 10

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
crystal 1.cr 207ms 1.2ms 2.8MB 200ms 0ms crystal 1.15.1
dart 2.dart 222ms 2.7ms 6.3MB 213ms 0ms dart/exe 3.7.2

fasta

Input: 2500000

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
dart 1.dart 360ms 2.3ms 8.8MB 350ms 0ms dart/exe 3.7.2
crystal 2.cr 555ms 3.0ms 3.4MB 450ms 90ms crystal 1.15.1
crystal 1.cr 694ms 0.6ms 14.4MB 573ms 107ms crystal 1.15.1

Input: 250000

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
dart 1.dart 43ms 0.2ms 9.0MB 30ms 0ms dart/exe 3.7.2
crystal 2.cr 59ms 0.3ms 3.4MB 40ms 7ms crystal 1.15.1
crystal 1.cr 75ms 1.4ms 4.8MB 57ms 7ms crystal 1.15.1

helloworld

Input: QwQ

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
crystal 1.cr 2.0ms 0.5ms 2.8MB 0ms 0ms crystal 1.15.1
dart 1.dart 4.0ms 0.1ms 5.5MB 0ms 0ms dart/exe 3.7.2

http-server

Input: 3000

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
dart 2-m.dart 1422ms 10ms 96.1MB 1343ms 1593ms dart/exe 3.7.2
crystal 1.cr 1690ms 21ms 287.8MB 323ms 510ms crystal 1.15.1
dart 1.dart 4523ms 156ms 99.6MB 1513ms 1817ms dart/exe 3.7.2

Input: 500

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
dart 2-m.dart 276ms 7.3ms 49.9MB 190ms 297ms dart/exe 3.7.2
crystal 1.cr 1190ms 102ms 59.1MB 37ms 83ms crystal 1.15.1
dart 1.dart 1269ms 27ms 50.0MB 173ms 243ms dart/exe 3.7.2

lru

Input: 1000 1000000

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
crystal 0-unsafe.cr 37ms 1.3ms 2.9MB 30ms 0ms crystal 1.15.1
crystal 1.cr 65ms 2.1ms 2.9MB 57ms 0ms crystal 1.15.1
dart 2.dart 169ms 0.8ms 9.1MB 157ms 0ms dart/exe 3.7.2
dart 1.dart 496ms 2.5ms 9.1MB 480ms 0ms dart/exe 3.7.2

Input: 1000 3000000

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
crystal 0-unsafe.cr 103ms 1.4ms 2.9MB 90ms 0ms crystal 1.15.1
crystal 1.cr 186ms 1.8ms 2.9MB 177ms 0ms crystal 1.15.1
dart 2.dart 488ms 15ms 9.1MB 473ms 0ms dart/exe 3.7.2
dart 1.dart 1458ms 8.1ms 9.3MB 1440ms 7ms dart/exe 3.7.2

Input: 100 500000

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
crystal 0-unsafe.cr 17ms 0.5ms 2.9MB 10ms 0ms crystal 1.15.1
crystal 1.cr 31ms 1.7ms 2.9MB 20ms 0ms crystal 1.15.1
dart 2.dart 80ms 5.0ms 9.3MB 67ms 0ms dart/exe 3.7.2
dart 1.dart 117ms 5.6ms 8.9MB 107ms 0ms dart/exe 3.7.2

mandelbrot

Input: 5000

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
crystal 1.cr 313ms 0.7ms 9.2MB 300ms 0ms crystal 1.15.1

Input: 1000

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
crystal 1.cr 18ms 0.5ms 6.3MB 10ms 0ms crystal 1.15.1

merkletrees

Input: 17

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
dart 1.dart 323ms 0.9ms 63.8MB 300ms 23ms dart/exe 3.7.2
crystal 1.cr 864ms 6.5ms 64.0MB 843ms 10ms crystal 1.15.1

Input: 15

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
dart 1.dart 86ms 0.7ms 43.8MB 60ms 17ms dart/exe 3.7.2
crystal 1.cr 157ms 3.4ms 22.1MB 143ms 0ms crystal 1.15.1

nbody

Input: 5000000

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
crystal 2.cr 344ms 4.8ms 3.3MB 333ms 0ms crystal 1.15.1
crystal 1.cr 345ms 2.6ms 3.3MB 333ms 0ms crystal 1.15.1
dart 3.dart 409ms 3.6ms 6.3MB 397ms 0ms dart/exe 3.7.2

Input: 500000

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
crystal 1.cr 38ms 1.5ms 3.1MB 30ms 0ms crystal 1.15.1
crystal 2.cr 38ms 0.5ms 3.1MB 30ms 0ms crystal 1.15.1
dart 3.dart 46ms 0.9ms 6.3MB 37ms 0ms dart/exe 3.7.2

nsieve

Input: 12

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
crystal 2.cr 301ms 3.6ms 8.1MB 290ms 0ms crystal 1.15.1
crystal 1.cr 440ms 6.5ms 42.3MB 430ms 0ms crystal 1.15.1

Input: 10

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
crystal 2.cr 77ms 2.1ms 4.4MB 67ms 0ms crystal 1.15.1
crystal 1.cr 91ms 3.7ms 13.0MB 80ms 0ms crystal 1.15.1

pidigits

Input: 8000

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
dart 2.dart 1358ms 4.5ms 14.8MB 1323ms 33ms dart/exe 3.7.2
crystal 1.cr 1886ms 42ms 6.2MB 1853ms 17ms crystal 1.15.1

Input: 4000

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
dart 2.dart 337ms 9.7ms 14.8MB 317ms 13ms dart/exe 3.7.2
crystal 1.cr 479ms 12ms 5.0MB 463ms 0ms crystal 1.15.1

spectral-norm

Input: 8000

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
dart 1.dart 3784ms 4.2ms 6.4MB 3773ms 0ms dart/exe 3.7.2
crystal 1.cr 3792ms 11ms 4.5MB 3783ms 0ms crystal 1.15.1
dart 2.dart 4350ms 3.2ms 6.4MB 4340ms 0ms dart/exe 3.7.2

Input: 4000

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
dart 1.dart 946ms 0.6ms 6.1MB 933ms 0ms dart/exe 3.7.2
crystal 1.cr 952ms 1.2ms 4.3MB 940ms 0ms crystal 1.15.1
dart 2.dart 1099ms 6.1ms 6.3MB 1087ms 0ms dart/exe 3.7.2

Input: 2000

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
dart 1.dart 242ms 2.3ms 6.3MB 230ms 0ms dart/exe 3.7.2
crystal 1.cr 248ms 11ms 3.8MB 237ms 0ms crystal 1.15.1
dart 2.dart 278ms 0.5ms 6.1MB 270ms 0ms dart/exe 3.7.2