Programming Language and compiler
Benchmarks

Crystal VS Dart benchmarks

Current benchmark data was generated on Tue Jul 01 2025, full log can be found HERE

CONTRIBUTIONS are WELCOME!

[x86_64][4 cores] AMD EPYC 7763 64-Core Processor (Model 1)

* -m in a file name stands for multi-threading or multi-processing

* -i in a file name stands for direct intrinsics usage. (Usage of simd intrinsics via libraries is not counted)

* -ffi in a file name stands for non-stdlib FFI usage

* (You may find time < time(user) + time(sys) for some non-parallelized programs, the overhead is from GC or JIT compiler, which are allowed to take advantage of multi-cores as that's more close to real-world scenarios.)

binarytrees

Input: 18

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
dart 1.dart 755ms 6.7ms 80.9MB 730ms 33ms dart/exe 3.8.1
crystal 1.cr 1302ms 4.1ms 64.2MB 1273ms 17ms crystal 1.16.3

Input: 15

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
dart 1.dart 77ms 0.9ms 42.8MB 53ms 13ms dart/exe 3.8.1
crystal 1.cr 109ms 2.8ms 11.0MB 100ms 0ms crystal 1.16.3

coro-prime-sieve

Input: 4000

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
crystal 1.cr 1515ms 15ms 19.9MB 1450ms 53ms crystal 1.16.3
dart 1.dart timeout 0.0ms 19.3MB 5467ms 70ms dart/exe 3.8.1

Input: 1000

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
crystal 1.cr 86ms 1.0ms 7.1MB 60ms 10ms crystal 1.16.3
dart 1.dart 356ms 3.3ms 10.4MB 353ms 10ms dart/exe 3.8.1

edigits

Input: 250001

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
crystal 1.cr 58ms 0.7ms 7.5MB 43ms 0ms crystal 1.16.3
dart 1.dart 3647ms 4.0ms 18.3MB 3603ms 40ms dart/exe 3.8.1

Input: 100000

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
crystal 1.cr 23ms 1.3ms 5.3MB 10ms 0ms crystal 1.16.3
dart 1.dart 587ms 5.6ms 10.0MB 563ms 13ms dart/exe 3.8.1

fannkuch-redux

Input: 11

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
crystal 1.cr 2487ms 23ms 2.9MB 2473ms 0ms crystal 1.16.3
dart 2.dart 2683ms 15ms 6.4MB 2673ms 0ms dart/exe 3.8.1

Input: 10

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
crystal 1.cr 205ms 3.6ms 2.9MB 197ms 0ms crystal 1.16.3
dart 2.dart 221ms 2.1ms 6.3MB 210ms 0ms dart/exe 3.8.1

fasta

Input: 2500000

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
dart 1.dart 361ms 0.4ms 8.8MB 350ms 0ms dart/exe 3.8.1
crystal 2.cr 535ms 2.4ms 3.5MB 450ms 70ms crystal 1.16.3
crystal 1.cr 681ms 3.2ms 14.6MB 570ms 97ms crystal 1.16.3

Input: 250000

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
dart 1.dart 43ms 1.2ms 8.9MB 30ms 0ms dart/exe 3.8.1
crystal 2.cr 58ms 1.8ms 3.6MB 40ms 7ms crystal 1.16.3
crystal 1.cr 72ms 0.7ms 4.9MB 53ms 7ms crystal 1.16.3

helloworld

Input: QwQ

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
crystal 1.cr 2.0ms 0.1ms 2.9MB 0ms 0ms crystal 1.16.3
dart 1.dart 3.4ms 0.1ms 6.4MB 0ms 0ms dart/exe 3.8.1

http-server

Input: 3000

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
dart 2-m.dart 1318ms 29ms 95.3MB 1383ms 1397ms dart/exe 3.8.1
crystal 1.cr 3132ms 646ms 240.8MB 317ms 443ms crystal 1.16.3
dart 1.dart 4426ms 153ms 101.2MB 1590ms 1623ms dart/exe 3.8.1

Input: 500

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
dart 2-m.dart 246ms 6.8ms 50.1MB 187ms 263ms dart/exe 3.8.1
crystal 1.cr 1178ms 104ms 53.1MB 30ms 80ms crystal 1.16.3
dart 1.dart 2006ms 502ms 50.0MB 180ms 240ms dart/exe 3.8.1

lru

Input: 1000 1000000

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
crystal 0-unsafe.cr 36ms 0.7ms 3.0MB 30ms 0ms crystal 1.16.3
crystal 1.cr 65ms 1.5ms 3.0MB 57ms 0ms crystal 1.16.3
dart 2.dart 173ms 4.6ms 9.5MB 163ms 0ms dart/exe 3.8.1
dart 1.dart 575ms 4.1ms 9.4MB 563ms 0ms dart/exe 3.8.1

Input: 1000 3000000

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
crystal 0-unsafe.cr 102ms 0.4ms 3.0MB 90ms 0ms crystal 1.16.3
crystal 1.cr 189ms 6.6ms 3.0MB 177ms 0ms crystal 1.16.3
dart 2.dart 489ms 11ms 9.3MB 477ms 0ms dart/exe 3.8.1
dart 1.dart 1704ms 3.9ms 9.1MB 1690ms 3ms dart/exe 3.8.1

Input: 100 500000

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
crystal 0-unsafe.cr 18ms 0.7ms 3.0MB 10ms 0ms crystal 1.16.3
crystal 1.cr 30ms 1.5ms 3.0MB 20ms 0ms crystal 1.16.3
dart 2.dart 79ms 0.6ms 9.1MB 70ms 0ms dart/exe 3.8.1
dart 1.dart 119ms 2.5ms 8.6MB 110ms 0ms dart/exe 3.8.1

mandelbrot

Input: 5000

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
crystal 1.cr 315ms 1.4ms 9.3MB 303ms 0ms crystal 1.16.3

Input: 1000

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
crystal 1.cr 17ms 0.4ms 6.4MB 10ms 0ms crystal 1.16.3

merkletrees

Input: 17

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
dart 1.dart 338ms 1.4ms 63.8MB 317ms 27ms dart/exe 3.8.1
crystal 1.cr 867ms 21ms 64.2MB 843ms 10ms crystal 1.16.3

Input: 15

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
dart 1.dart 86ms 1.5ms 43.6MB 60ms 20ms dart/exe 3.8.1
crystal 1.cr 174ms 3.9ms 22.3MB 157ms 0ms crystal 1.16.3

nbody

Input: 5000000

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
crystal 2.cr 342ms 2.4ms 3.3MB 333ms 0ms crystal 1.16.3
crystal 1.cr 350ms 6.8ms 3.4MB 343ms 0ms crystal 1.16.3
dart 3.dart 407ms 3.2ms 6.3MB 397ms 0ms dart/exe 3.8.1

Input: 500000

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
crystal 1.cr 38ms 1.2ms 3.3MB 30ms 0ms crystal 1.16.3
crystal 2.cr 38ms 0.4ms 3.4MB 30ms 0ms crystal 1.16.3
dart 3.dart 46ms 0.8ms 6.3MB 37ms 0ms dart/exe 3.8.1

nsieve

Input: 12

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
crystal 2.cr 348ms 2.9ms 8.3MB 337ms 0ms crystal 1.16.3
crystal 1.cr 422ms 6.9ms 43.0MB 413ms 0ms crystal 1.16.3

Input: 10

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
crystal 2.cr 87ms 1.4ms 4.5MB 80ms 0ms crystal 1.16.3
crystal 1.cr 90ms 3.2ms 13.2MB 83ms 0ms crystal 1.16.3

pidigits

Input: 8000

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
dart 2.dart 1266ms 3.4ms 14.9MB 1237ms 30ms dart/exe 3.8.1
crystal 1.cr 1981ms 59ms 6.2MB 1957ms 13ms crystal 1.16.3

Input: 4000

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
dart 2.dart 314ms 7.1ms 14.8MB 293ms 13ms dart/exe 3.8.1
crystal 1.cr 456ms 13ms 5.0MB 440ms 0ms crystal 1.16.3

spectral-norm

Input: 8000

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
crystal 1.cr 3763ms 15ms 4.6MB 3753ms 0ms crystal 1.16.3
dart 1.dart 3780ms 11ms 6.4MB 3770ms 0ms dart/exe 3.8.1
dart 2.dart 4939ms 15ms 6.4MB 4923ms 0ms dart/exe 3.8.1

Input: 4000

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
dart 1.dart 944ms 3.1ms 6.3MB 933ms 0ms dart/exe 3.8.1
crystal 1.cr 946ms 8.1ms 4.4MB 933ms 0ms crystal 1.16.3
dart 2.dart 1249ms 10ms 6.3MB 1233ms 0ms dart/exe 3.8.1

Input: 2000

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
dart 1.dart 238ms 0.3ms 6.3MB 230ms 0ms dart/exe 3.8.1
crystal 1.cr 244ms 2.8ms 3.9MB 237ms 0ms crystal 1.16.3
dart 2.dart 314ms 1.2ms 6.3MB 303ms 0ms dart/exe 3.8.1