Programming Language and compiler
Benchmarks

Crystal VS Wasm benchmarks

Current benchmark data was generated on Tue Mar 25 2025, full log can be found HERE

CONTRIBUTIONS are WELCOME!

[x86_64][4 cores] AMD EPYC 7763 64-Core Processor (Model 1)

* -m in a file name stands for multi-threading or multi-processing

* -i in a file name stands for direct intrinsics usage. (Usage of simd intrinsics via libraries is not counted)

* -ffi in a file name stands for non-stdlib FFI usage

* (You may find time < time(user) + time(sys) for some non-parallelized programs, the overhead is from GC or JIT compiler, which are allowed to take advantage of multi-cores as that's more close to real-world scenarios.)

binarytrees

Input: 18

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
crystal 1.cr 1276ms 8.3ms 64.0MB 1257ms 0ms crystal 1.15.1
wasm 5.rs 1828ms 60ms 33.1MB 1810ms 10ms wasmtime 31.0.0
wasm 4.rs 1855ms 21ms 33.1MB 1833ms 10ms wasmtime 31.0.0
wasm 3.rs 1870ms 21ms 49.2MB 1847ms 10ms wasmtime 31.0.0

Input: 15

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
crystal 1.cr 105ms 2.2ms 10.9MB 90ms 0ms crystal 1.15.1
wasm 5.rs 171ms 2.0ms 19.2MB 160ms 0ms wasmtime 31.0.0
wasm 4.rs 179ms 1.6ms 19.2MB 167ms 0ms wasmtime 31.0.0
wasm 3.rs 187ms 5.5ms 21.1MB 167ms 0ms wasmtime 31.0.0

coro-prime-sieve

Input: 4000

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
wasm 3.rs 1202ms 100ms 19.4MB 1187ms 0ms wasmtime 31.0.0
crystal 1.cr 1381ms 34ms 19.6MB 1307ms 57ms crystal 1.15.1

Input: 1000

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
crystal 1.cr 71ms 3.7ms 7.1MB 50ms 10ms crystal 1.15.1
wasm 3.rs 87ms 4.6ms 18.0MB 73ms 0ms wasmtime 31.0.0

edigits

Input: 250001

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
crystal 1.cr 59ms 1.7ms 6.4MB 43ms 0ms crystal 1.15.1
wasm 1.rs 425ms 3.8ms 18.6MB 410ms 0ms wasmtime 31.0.0

Input: 100000

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
crystal 1.cr 22ms 0.7ms 5.1MB 10ms 0ms crystal 1.15.1
wasm 1.rs 113ms 2.1ms 18.1MB 100ms 0ms wasmtime 31.0.0

fannkuch-redux

Input: 11

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
crystal 1.cr 2508ms 6.1ms 2.8MB 2493ms 0ms crystal 1.15.1
wasm 1.rs 4291ms 13ms 16.7MB 4277ms 0ms wasmtime 31.0.0

Input: 10

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
crystal 1.cr 207ms 1.2ms 2.8MB 200ms 0ms crystal 1.15.1
wasm 1.rs 357ms 0.8ms 16.8MB 343ms 0ms wasmtime 31.0.0

fasta

Input: 2500000

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
wasm 1.rs 238ms 2.4ms 17.2MB 223ms 3ms wasmtime 31.0.0
crystal 2.cr 555ms 3.0ms 3.4MB 450ms 90ms crystal 1.15.1
crystal 1.cr 694ms 0.6ms 14.4MB 573ms 107ms crystal 1.15.1

Input: 250000

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
wasm 1.rs 32ms 0.6ms 17.2MB 20ms 0ms wasmtime 31.0.0
crystal 2.cr 59ms 0.3ms 3.4MB 40ms 7ms crystal 1.15.1
crystal 1.cr 75ms 1.4ms 4.8MB 57ms 7ms crystal 1.15.1

helloworld

Input: QwQ

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
crystal 1.cr 2.0ms 0.5ms 2.8MB 0ms 0ms crystal 1.15.1
wasm 1.rs 7.0ms 0.7ms 17.4MB 0ms 0ms wasmtime 31.0.0

http-server

Input: 3000

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
crystal 1.cr 1690ms 21ms 287.8MB 323ms 510ms crystal 1.15.1

Input: 500

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
crystal 1.cr 1190ms 102ms 59.1MB 37ms 83ms crystal 1.15.1

lru

Input: 1000 1000000

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
crystal 0-unsafe.cr 37ms 1.3ms 2.9MB 30ms 0ms crystal 1.15.1
crystal 1.cr 65ms 2.1ms 2.9MB 57ms 0ms crystal 1.15.1
wasm 1.rs 89ms 1.7ms 17.3MB 80ms 0ms wasmtime 31.0.0

Input: 1000 3000000

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
crystal 0-unsafe.cr 103ms 1.4ms 2.9MB 90ms 0ms crystal 1.15.1
crystal 1.cr 186ms 1.8ms 2.9MB 177ms 0ms crystal 1.15.1
wasm 1.rs 251ms 3.2ms 16.9MB 240ms 0ms wasmtime 31.0.0

Input: 100 500000

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
crystal 0-unsafe.cr 17ms 0.5ms 2.9MB 10ms 0ms crystal 1.15.1
crystal 1.cr 31ms 1.7ms 2.9MB 20ms 0ms crystal 1.15.1
wasm 1.rs 48ms 0.2ms 16.8MB 40ms 0ms wasmtime 31.0.0

mandelbrot

Input: 5000

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
crystal 1.cr 313ms 0.7ms 9.2MB 300ms 0ms crystal 1.15.1
wasm 8.rs 822ms 1.7ms 20.3MB 810ms 0ms wasmtime 31.0.0

Input: 1000

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
crystal 1.cr 18ms 0.5ms 6.3MB 10ms 0ms crystal 1.15.1
wasm 8.rs 43ms 0.4ms 17.4MB 30ms 0ms wasmtime 31.0.0

merkletrees

Input: 17

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
crystal 1.cr 864ms 6.5ms 64.0MB 843ms 10ms crystal 1.15.1
wasm 1.rs 906ms 18ms 41.1MB 880ms 10ms wasmtime 31.0.0

Input: 15

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
crystal 1.cr 157ms 3.4ms 22.1MB 143ms 0ms crystal 1.15.1
wasm 1.rs 198ms 6.2ms 23.1MB 180ms 0ms wasmtime 31.0.0

nbody

Input: 5000000

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
crystal 2.cr 344ms 4.8ms 3.3MB 333ms 0ms crystal 1.15.1
crystal 1.cr 345ms 2.6ms 3.3MB 333ms 0ms crystal 1.15.1
wasm 1.rs 411ms 4.6ms 17.1MB 400ms 0ms wasmtime 31.0.0
wasm 2.rs 583ms 2.7ms 17.0MB 570ms 0ms wasmtime 31.0.0

Input: 500000

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
crystal 1.cr 38ms 1.5ms 3.1MB 30ms 0ms crystal 1.15.1
crystal 2.cr 38ms 0.5ms 3.1MB 30ms 0ms crystal 1.15.1
wasm 1.rs 49ms 0.3ms 17.2MB 37ms 0ms wasmtime 31.0.0
wasm 2.rs 66ms 0.5ms 17.0MB 53ms 0ms wasmtime 31.0.0

nsieve

Input: 12

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
crystal 2.cr 301ms 3.6ms 8.1MB 290ms 0ms crystal 1.15.1
wasm 2.rs 400ms 1.6ms 22.0MB 387ms 0ms wasmtime 31.0.0
crystal 1.cr 440ms 6.5ms 42.3MB 430ms 0ms crystal 1.15.1
wasm 1.rs 520ms 6.4ms 56.1MB 507ms 3ms wasmtime 31.0.0

Input: 10

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
crystal 2.cr 77ms 2.1ms 4.4MB 67ms 0ms crystal 1.15.1
crystal 1.cr 91ms 3.7ms 13.0MB 80ms 0ms crystal 1.15.1
wasm 1.rs 96ms 1.4ms 27.0MB 80ms 0ms wasmtime 31.0.0
wasm 2.rs 101ms 0.5ms 18.4MB 90ms 0ms wasmtime 31.0.0

pidigits

Input: 8000

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
crystal 1.cr 1886ms 42ms 6.2MB 1853ms 17ms crystal 1.15.1
wasm 2.rs 2227ms 21ms 18.3MB 2210ms 0ms wasmtime 31.0.0

Input: 4000

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
crystal 1.cr 479ms 12ms 5.0MB 463ms 0ms crystal 1.15.1
wasm 2.rs 520ms 1.0ms 17.3MB 507ms 0ms wasmtime 31.0.0

spectral-norm

Input: 8000

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
wasm 2.rs 3604ms 8.1ms 16.9MB 3590ms 0ms wasmtime 31.0.0
crystal 1.cr 3792ms 11ms 4.5MB 3783ms 0ms crystal 1.15.1
wasm 7.rs 4908ms 6.3ms 17.4MB 4897ms 0ms wasmtime 31.0.0

Input: 4000

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
wasm 2.rs 907ms 1.1ms 16.7MB 893ms 0ms wasmtime 31.0.0
crystal 1.cr 952ms 1.2ms 4.3MB 940ms 0ms crystal 1.15.1
wasm 7.rs 1232ms 0.2ms 16.9MB 1220ms 0ms wasmtime 31.0.0

Input: 2000

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
wasm 2.rs 235ms 0.3ms 17.0MB 220ms 0ms wasmtime 31.0.0
crystal 1.cr 248ms 11ms 3.8MB 237ms 0ms crystal 1.15.1
wasm 7.rs 316ms 1.5ms 16.7MB 300ms 0ms wasmtime 31.0.0