Programming Language and compiler
Benchmarks

Crystal VS Wasm benchmarks

Current benchmark data was generated on Mon Apr 14 2025, full log can be found HERE

CONTRIBUTIONS are WELCOME!

[x86_64][4 cores] AMD EPYC 7763 64-Core Processor (Model 1)

* -m in a file name stands for multi-threading or multi-processing

* -i in a file name stands for direct intrinsics usage. (Usage of simd intrinsics via libraries is not counted)

* -ffi in a file name stands for non-stdlib FFI usage

* (You may find time < time(user) + time(sys) for some non-parallelized programs, the overhead is from GC or JIT compiler, which are allowed to take advantage of multi-cores as that's more close to real-world scenarios.)

binarytrees

Input: 18

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
crystal 1.cr 1247ms 8.3ms 64.0MB 1223ms 13ms crystal 1.16.0
wasm 4.rs 1823ms 9.8ms 33.2MB 1800ms 10ms wasmtime 31.0.0
wasm 3.rs 1857ms 49ms 49.2MB 1830ms 17ms wasmtime 31.0.0
wasm 5.rs 1918ms 279ms 33.1MB 1893ms 7ms wasmtime 31.0.0

Input: 15

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
crystal 1.cr 107ms 2.4ms 10.9MB 97ms 0ms crystal 1.16.0
wasm 5.rs 169ms 0.6ms 19.2MB 160ms 0ms wasmtime 31.0.0
wasm 3.rs 181ms 4.3ms 21.2MB 167ms 0ms wasmtime 31.0.0
wasm 4.rs 192ms 31ms 19.1MB 180ms 0ms wasmtime 31.0.0

coro-prime-sieve

Input: 4000

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
wasm 3.rs 1118ms 3.9ms 19.4MB 1107ms 0ms wasmtime 31.0.0
crystal 1.cr 1555ms 17ms 19.8MB 1483ms 60ms crystal 1.16.0

Input: 1000

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
wasm 3.rs 83ms 3.4ms 18.2MB 73ms 0ms wasmtime 31.0.0
crystal 1.cr 86ms 2.7ms 7.0MB 67ms 10ms crystal 1.16.0

edigits

Input: 250001

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
crystal 1.cr 59ms 0.2ms 6.4MB 40ms 3ms crystal 1.16.0
wasm 1.rs 416ms 1.2ms 18.6MB 400ms 0ms wasmtime 31.0.0

Input: 100000

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
crystal 1.cr 23ms 1.2ms 5.1MB 10ms 0ms crystal 1.16.0
wasm 1.rs 115ms 1.4ms 18.0MB 100ms 0ms wasmtime 31.0.0

fannkuch-redux

Input: 11

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
crystal 1.cr 2465ms 3.2ms 2.8MB 2457ms 0ms crystal 1.16.0
wasm 1.rs 4206ms 2.3ms 16.7MB 4190ms 0ms wasmtime 31.0.0

Input: 10

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
crystal 1.cr 204ms 1.4ms 2.8MB 190ms 0ms crystal 1.16.0
wasm 1.rs 355ms 3.1ms 16.8MB 340ms 0ms wasmtime 31.0.0

fasta

Input: 2500000

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
wasm 1.rs 236ms 2.4ms 17.2MB 220ms 3ms wasmtime 31.0.0
crystal 2.cr 553ms 1.2ms 3.5MB 453ms 87ms crystal 1.16.0
crystal 1.cr 691ms 0.8ms 14.4MB 573ms 107ms crystal 1.16.0

Input: 250000

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
wasm 1.rs 32ms 0.4ms 17.4MB 20ms 0ms wasmtime 31.0.0
crystal 2.cr 61ms 0.9ms 3.5MB 40ms 10ms crystal 1.16.0
crystal 1.cr 74ms 1.6ms 4.8MB 50ms 10ms crystal 1.16.0

helloworld

Input: QwQ

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
crystal 1.cr 1.9ms 0.1ms 2.8MB 0ms 0ms crystal 1.16.0
wasm 1.rs 6.6ms 0.4ms 17.3MB 0ms 0ms wasmtime 31.0.0

http-server

Input: 3000

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
crystal 1.cr 2319ms 124ms 255.6MB 313ms 490ms crystal 1.16.0

Input: 500

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
crystal 1.cr 1250ms 107ms 59.0MB 37ms 80ms crystal 1.16.0

lru

Input: 1000 1000000

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
crystal 0-unsafe.cr 37ms 1.4ms 2.9MB 30ms 0ms crystal 1.16.0
crystal 1.cr 64ms 0.9ms 2.9MB 53ms 0ms crystal 1.16.0
wasm 1.rs 89ms 2.0ms 17.6MB 80ms 0ms wasmtime 31.0.0

Input: 1000 3000000

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
crystal 0-unsafe.cr 99ms 1.1ms 2.9MB 90ms 0ms crystal 1.16.0
crystal 1.cr 185ms 0.7ms 2.9MB 173ms 0ms crystal 1.16.0
wasm 1.rs 249ms 1.0ms 16.9MB 240ms 0ms wasmtime 31.0.0

Input: 100 500000

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
crystal 0-unsafe.cr 18ms 1.3ms 2.9MB 10ms 0ms crystal 1.16.0
crystal 1.cr 30ms 1.7ms 2.9MB 20ms 0ms crystal 1.16.0
wasm 1.rs 47ms 1.0ms 17.3MB 40ms 0ms wasmtime 31.0.0

mandelbrot

Input: 5000

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
crystal 1.cr 313ms 1.1ms 9.1MB 300ms 0ms crystal 1.16.0
wasm 8.rs 823ms 3.1ms 20.2MB 810ms 0ms wasmtime 31.0.0

Input: 1000

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
crystal 1.cr 17ms 0.4ms 6.3MB 10ms 0ms crystal 1.16.0
wasm 8.rs 43ms 0.6ms 17.4MB 30ms 0ms wasmtime 31.0.0

merkletrees

Input: 17

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
crystal 1.cr 843ms 7.3ms 64.0MB 823ms 10ms crystal 1.16.0
wasm 1.rs 885ms 5.7ms 41.3MB 857ms 10ms wasmtime 31.0.0

Input: 15

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
crystal 1.cr 174ms 5.4ms 22.1MB 157ms 0ms crystal 1.16.0
wasm 1.rs 195ms 4.3ms 23.3MB 180ms 0ms wasmtime 31.0.0

nbody

Input: 5000000

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
crystal 1.cr 344ms 0.9ms 3.1MB 333ms 0ms crystal 1.16.0
crystal 2.cr 344ms 2.7ms 3.1MB 333ms 0ms crystal 1.16.0
wasm 1.rs 400ms 1.5ms 17.1MB 390ms 0ms wasmtime 31.0.0
wasm 2.rs 582ms 0.4ms 17.2MB 570ms 0ms wasmtime 31.0.0

Input: 500000

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
crystal 2.cr 37ms 0.6ms 3.1MB 30ms 0ms crystal 1.16.0
crystal 1.cr 39ms 0.7ms 3.3MB 30ms 0ms crystal 1.16.0
wasm 1.rs 48ms 0.4ms 17.0MB 40ms 0ms wasmtime 31.0.0
wasm 2.rs 65ms 0.1ms 17.1MB 53ms 0ms wasmtime 31.0.0

nsieve

Input: 12

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
crystal 2.cr 298ms 3.7ms 8.1MB 287ms 0ms crystal 1.16.0
wasm 2.rs 372ms 4.5ms 22.0MB 360ms 0ms wasmtime 31.0.0
crystal 1.cr 425ms 7.5ms 62.4MB 410ms 0ms crystal 1.16.0
wasm 1.rs 481ms 4.7ms 56.1MB 463ms 0ms wasmtime 31.0.0

Input: 10

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
crystal 2.cr 74ms 1.4ms 4.4MB 67ms 0ms crystal 1.16.0
crystal 1.cr 88ms 0.8ms 13.0MB 80ms 0ms crystal 1.16.0
wasm 1.rs 97ms 1.6ms 27.0MB 83ms 0ms wasmtime 31.0.0
wasm 2.rs 98ms 1.4ms 18.3MB 83ms 0ms wasmtime 31.0.0

pidigits

Input: 8000

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
crystal 1.cr 1901ms 45ms 6.2MB 1870ms 17ms crystal 1.16.0
wasm 2.rs 2163ms 8.9ms 18.1MB 2150ms 0ms wasmtime 31.0.0

Input: 4000

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
crystal 1.cr 438ms 9.9ms 5.1MB 423ms 0ms crystal 1.16.0
wasm 2.rs 517ms 2.5ms 17.3MB 507ms 0ms wasmtime 31.0.0

spectral-norm

Input: 8000

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
wasm 2.rs 3601ms 2.7ms 16.9MB 3587ms 0ms wasmtime 31.0.0
crystal 1.cr 3762ms 7.2ms 4.5MB 3753ms 0ms crystal 1.16.0
wasm 7.rs 4897ms 8.1ms 16.8MB 4880ms 0ms wasmtime 31.0.0

Input: 4000

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
wasm 2.rs 908ms 1.2ms 16.9MB 897ms 0ms wasmtime 31.0.0
crystal 1.cr 950ms 9.5ms 4.3MB 940ms 0ms crystal 1.16.0
wasm 7.rs 1232ms 2.1ms 16.8MB 1220ms 0ms wasmtime 31.0.0

Input: 2000

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
wasm 2.rs 235ms 2.0ms 16.7MB 220ms 0ms wasmtime 31.0.0
crystal 1.cr 240ms 2.6ms 3.8MB 233ms 0ms crystal 1.16.0
wasm 7.rs 315ms 1.3ms 17.3MB 300ms 0ms wasmtime 31.0.0