Programming Language and compiler
Benchmarks

Crystal VS Ruby benchmarks

Current benchmark data was generated on Mon Jun 23 2025, full log can be found HERE

CONTRIBUTIONS are WELCOME!

[x86_64][4 cores] AMD EPYC 7763 64-Core Processor (Model 1)

* -m in a file name stands for multi-threading or multi-processing

* -i in a file name stands for direct intrinsics usage. (Usage of simd intrinsics via libraries is not counted)

* -ffi in a file name stands for non-stdlib FFI usage

* (You may find time < time(user) + time(sys) for some non-parallelized programs, the overhead is from GC or JIT compiler, which are allowed to take advantage of multi-cores as that's more close to real-world scenarios.)

binarytrees

Input: 18

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
crystal 1.cr 1282ms 30ms 64.2MB 1257ms 10ms crystal 1.16.3
ruby 1.rb 4905ms 47ms 110.1MB 4803ms 87ms ruby/yjit 3.4.4
ruby 1.rb timeout 0.0ms 70.5MB 4950ms 37ms ruby 3.4.4
ruby 1.rb timeout 0.0ms 757.2MB 6760ms 690ms truffleruby 24.2.1

Input: 15

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
crystal 1.cr 109ms 0.7ms 11.0MB 97ms 0ms crystal 1.16.3
ruby 1.rb 500ms 4.2ms 20.3MB 477ms 10ms ruby/yjit 3.4.4
ruby 1-m.rb 571ms 43ms 418.8MB 1113ms 167ms truffleruby 24.2.1
ruby 1.rb 948ms 9.8ms 19.5MB 927ms 10ms ruby 3.4.4

coro-prime-sieve

Input: 4000

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
ruby 1.rb 1462ms 9.4ms 63.8MB 1387ms 60ms ruby/yjit 3.4.4
crystal 1.cr 1505ms 22ms 19.9MB 1440ms 53ms crystal 1.16.3
ruby 1.rb 1870ms 14ms 63.3MB 1797ms 60ms ruby 3.4.4
ruby 1.rb timeout 0.0ms 329.4MB 4770ms 1413ms truffleruby 24.2.1

Input: 1000

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
crystal 1.cr 85ms 1.6ms 7.1MB 63ms 10ms crystal 1.16.3
ruby 1.rb 156ms 2.7ms 25.8MB 120ms 20ms ruby/yjit 3.4.4
ruby 1.rb 181ms 2.5ms 25.1MB 147ms 20ms ruby 3.4.4
ruby 1.rb timeout 0.0ms 342.9MB 4630ms 1483ms truffleruby 24.2.1

edigits

Input: 250001

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
crystal 1.cr 58ms 1.4ms 6.4MB 43ms 0ms crystal 1.16.3

Input: 100000

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
crystal 1.cr 23ms 1.5ms 5.3MB 10ms 0ms crystal 1.16.3

fannkuch-redux

Input: 11

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
crystal 1.cr 2481ms 9.0ms 2.9MB 2470ms 0ms crystal 1.16.3

Input: 10

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
crystal 1.cr 213ms 7.6ms 2.9MB 200ms 0ms crystal 1.16.3

fasta

Input: 2500000

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
crystal 2.cr 535ms 2.1ms 3.5MB 447ms 80ms crystal 1.16.3
crystal 1.cr 681ms 1.3ms 14.6MB 573ms 93ms crystal 1.16.3
ruby 6.rb 2028ms 6.4ms 23.0MB 2003ms 10ms ruby/yjit 3.4.4
ruby 6-m.rb 2281ms 208ms 390.3MB 5913ms 350ms truffleruby 24.2.1
ruby 6.rb 3700ms 25ms 22.4MB 3677ms 10ms ruby 3.4.4

Input: 250000

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
crystal 2.cr 57ms 0.7ms 3.6MB 40ms 0ms crystal 1.16.3
crystal 1.cr 73ms 0.9ms 4.9MB 57ms 3ms crystal 1.16.3
ruby 6.rb 302ms 71ms 15.2MB 287ms 3ms ruby/yjit 3.4.4
ruby 6.rb 419ms 3.5ms 14.5MB 400ms 3ms ruby 3.4.4
ruby 6-m.rb 825ms 52ms 388.8MB 2063ms 170ms truffleruby 24.2.1

helloworld

Input: QwQ

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
crystal 1.cr 1.9ms 0.2ms 2.9MB 0ms 0ms crystal 1.16.3
ruby 1.rb 36ms 0.9ms 141.8MB 12ms 30ms truffleruby 24.2.1
ruby 1.rb 51ms 1.3ms 12.8MB 40ms 0ms ruby 3.4.4
ruby 1.rb 54ms 1.3ms 12.9MB 40ms 4ms ruby/yjit 3.4.4

http-server

Input: 3000

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
crystal 1.cr 2297ms 153ms 300.0MB 313ms 450ms crystal 1.16.3

Input: 500

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
crystal 1.cr 1282ms 15ms 53.0MB 33ms 70ms crystal 1.16.3

lru

Input: 1000 1000000

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
crystal 0-unsafe.cr 36ms 0.9ms 3.0MB 30ms 0ms crystal 1.16.3
crystal 1.cr 65ms 1.9ms 3.0MB 60ms 0ms crystal 1.16.3
ruby 1.rb 342ms 2.7ms 13.5MB 323ms 7ms ruby/yjit 3.4.4
ruby 1.rb 530ms 6.8ms 12.9MB 513ms 3ms ruby 3.4.4
ruby 1-m.rb 675ms 36ms 370.2MB 1157ms 147ms truffleruby 24.2.1

Input: 1000 3000000

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
crystal 0-unsafe.cr 101ms 2.3ms 3.0MB 93ms 0ms crystal 1.16.3
crystal 1.cr 186ms 0.8ms 3.0MB 180ms 0ms crystal 1.16.3
ruby 1.rb 908ms 1.9ms 13.5MB 887ms 10ms ruby/yjit 3.4.4
ruby 1-m.rb 1250ms 4.8ms 410.5MB 1783ms 160ms truffleruby 24.2.1
ruby 1.rb 1469ms 7.6ms 12.8MB 1453ms 7ms ruby 3.4.4

Input: 100 500000

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
crystal 0-unsafe.cr 19ms 1.1ms 3.0MB 10ms 0ms crystal 1.16.3
crystal 1.cr 30ms 0.6ms 3.0MB 20ms 0ms crystal 1.16.3
ruby 1.rb 202ms 6.0ms 13.5MB 183ms 7ms ruby/yjit 3.4.4
ruby 1.rb 289ms 3.4ms 12.8MB 273ms 3ms ruby 3.4.4
ruby 1-m.rb 537ms 6.4ms 359.2MB 1050ms 143ms truffleruby 24.2.1

mandelbrot

Input: 5000

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
crystal 1.cr 316ms 2.7ms 9.3MB 303ms 0ms crystal 1.16.3

Input: 1000

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
crystal 1.cr 17ms 0.6ms 6.1MB 10ms 0ms crystal 1.16.3

merkletrees

Input: 17

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
crystal 1.cr 880ms 16ms 64.2MB 857ms 10ms crystal 1.16.3
ruby 1-m.rb 3904ms 35ms 557.5MB 9970ms 347ms truffleruby 24.2.1
ruby 1.rb timeout 0.0ms 93.5MB 4940ms 47ms ruby 3.4.4
ruby 1.rb timeout 0.0ms 97.2MB 4940ms 47ms ruby/yjit 3.4.4

Input: 15

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
crystal 1.cr 173ms 3.0ms 22.2MB 157ms 0ms crystal 1.16.3
ruby 1-m.rb 2022ms 35ms 597.2MB 5207ms 257ms truffleruby 24.2.1
ruby 1.rb 3278ms 18ms 38.4MB 3243ms 20ms ruby/yjit 3.4.4
ruby 1.rb 4357ms 20ms 37.6MB 4323ms 20ms ruby 3.4.4

nbody

Input: 5000000

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
crystal 2.cr 342ms 1.3ms 3.3MB 330ms 0ms crystal 1.16.3
crystal 1.cr 344ms 2.9ms 3.3MB 333ms 0ms crystal 1.16.3
ruby 2.rb 831ms 18ms 310.8MB 1067ms 110ms truffleruby 24.2.1
ruby 2.rb timeout 0.0ms 12.8MB 4983ms 0ms ruby 3.4.4
ruby 2.rb timeout 0.0ms 13.5MB 4980ms 7ms ruby/yjit 3.4.4

Input: 500000

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
crystal 2.cr 38ms 0.4ms 3.3MB 30ms 0ms crystal 1.16.3
crystal 1.cr 38ms 1.4ms 3.3MB 30ms 0ms crystal 1.16.3
ruby 2-m.rb 310ms 3.7ms 323.2MB 563ms 110ms truffleruby 24.2.1
ruby 2.rb 1029ms 3.6ms 13.5MB 1017ms 0ms ruby/yjit 3.4.4
ruby 2.rb 2937ms 80ms 12.8MB 2920ms 3ms ruby 3.4.4

nsieve

Input: 12

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
crystal 2.cr 350ms 2.1ms 8.3MB 340ms 0ms crystal 1.16.3
crystal 1.cr 432ms 2.5ms 42.9MB 420ms 0ms crystal 1.16.3
ruby 1.rb timeout 0.0ms 325.3MB 4850ms 137ms ruby 3.4.4
ruby 1.rb timeout 0.0ms 327.0MB 4840ms 140ms ruby/yjit 3.4.4
ruby 1.rb timeout 0.0ms 726.3MB 5057ms 167ms truffleruby 24.2.1

Input: 10

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
crystal 2.cr 89ms 2.4ms 4.5MB 80ms 0ms crystal 1.16.3
crystal 1.cr 92ms 3.7ms 13.2MB 83ms 0ms crystal 1.16.3
ruby 1-m.rb 1705ms 21ms 478.0MB 2453ms 170ms truffleruby 24.2.1
ruby 1.rb 4023ms 798ms 131.8MB 3930ms 73ms ruby/yjit 3.4.4
ruby 1.rb 4558ms 108ms 131.0MB 4463ms 80ms ruby 3.4.4

pidigits

Input: 8000

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
crystal 1.cr 1928ms 26ms 6.3MB 1897ms 17ms crystal 1.16.3
ruby 1.rb timeout 0.0ms 130.2MB 4873ms 113ms ruby 3.4.4
ruby 1.rb timeout 0.0ms 131.1MB 4867ms 123ms ruby/yjit 3.4.4
ruby 1.rb timeout 0.0ms 456.7MB 13337ms 400ms truffleruby 24.2.1

Input: 4000

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
crystal 1.cr 447ms 9.3ms 4.9MB 433ms 0ms crystal 1.16.3
ruby 1-m.rb 1742ms 229ms 407.7MB 4603ms 207ms truffleruby 24.2.1
ruby 1.rb 1798ms 73ms 130.1MB 1690ms 93ms ruby 3.4.4
ruby 1.rb 1828ms 6.0ms 131.0MB 1690ms 123ms ruby/yjit 3.4.4

spectral-norm

Input: 8000

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
crystal 1.cr 3760ms 10ms 4.5MB 3747ms 0ms crystal 1.16.3
ruby 4.rb timeout 0.0ms 12.9MB 4983ms 3ms ruby 3.4.4
ruby 4.rb timeout 0.0ms 13.5MB 4983ms 3ms ruby/yjit 3.4.4
ruby 4.rb timeout 0.0ms 444.0MB 5170ms 240ms truffleruby 24.2.1

Input: 4000

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
crystal 1.cr 949ms 7.6ms 4.4MB 940ms 0ms crystal 1.16.3
ruby 4.rb 4929ms 35ms 450.6MB 5243ms 210ms truffleruby 24.2.1
ruby 4.rb timeout 0.0ms 12.9MB 4980ms 3ms ruby 3.4.4
ruby 4.rb timeout 0.0ms 13.5MB 4987ms 0ms ruby/yjit 3.4.4

Input: 2000

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
crystal 1.cr 241ms 5.4ms 3.8MB 233ms 0ms crystal 1.16.3
ruby 4.rb 1454ms 17ms 382.2MB 1783ms 143ms truffleruby 24.2.1
ruby 4.rb timeout 0.0ms 12.9MB 4980ms 3ms ruby 3.4.4
ruby 4.rb timeout 0.0ms 13.6MB 4980ms 0ms ruby/yjit 3.4.4