Programming Language and compiler
Benchmarks

Crystal VS Kotlin benchmarks

Current benchmark data was generated on Fri May 20 2022, full log can be found HERE

CONTRIBUTIONS are WELCOME!

[x86_64][2 cores] Intel(R) Xeon(R) Platinum 8370C CPU @ 2.80GHz (Model 106)

* -m in a file name stands for multi-threading or multi-processing

* -i in a file name stands for direct intrinsics usage. (Usage of simd intrinsics via libraries is not counted)

* -ffi in a file name stands for non-stdlib FFI usage

* (You may find time < time(user) + time(sys) for some non-parallelized programs, the overhead is from GC or JIT compiler, which are allowed to take advantage of multi-cores as that's more close to real-world scenarios.)

binarytrees

Input: 18

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
kotlin 1.kt 733ms 92ms 842.9MB 710ms 130ms kotlin/jvm 17.0.2
crystal 1.cr 1614ms 6.4ms 64.4MB 1927ms 20ms crystal 1.4.1
kotlin 1.kt 3949ms 18ms 514.4MB 3847ms 87ms kotlin/native 1.6.21

Input: 15

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
kotlin 1.kt 133ms 2.6ms 109.5MB 117ms 20ms kotlin/jvm 17.0.2
crystal 1.cr 138ms 0.3ms 11.0MB 143ms 0ms crystal 1.4.1
kotlin 1.kt 304ms 2.8ms 62.2MB 283ms 3ms kotlin/native 1.6.21

coro-prime-sieve

Input: 4000

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
crystal 1.cr 1979ms 40ms 20.5MB 1940ms 23ms crystal 1.4.1
kotlin 1.kt 2944ms 38ms 157.9MB 3853ms 60ms kotlin/jvm 17.0.2
kotlin 2-m.kt 3273ms 617ms 187.2MB 6243ms 67ms kotlin/jvm 17.0.2
kotlin 1.kt timeout 0.0ms 0.0MB 0ms 0ms kotlin/native 1.6.21
kotlin 2-m.kt timeout 0.0ms 0.0MB 0ms 0ms kotlin/native 1.6.21

Input: 1000

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
crystal 1.cr 111ms 1.9ms 7.6MB 97ms 3ms crystal 1.4.1
kotlin 1-m.kt 689ms 63ms 100.4MB 1230ms 27ms kotlin/jvm 17.0.2
kotlin 2-m.kt 848ms 12ms 70.4MB 1487ms 23ms kotlin/native 1.6.21
kotlin 1.kt 1044ms 5.6ms 32.7MB 1030ms 7ms kotlin/native 1.6.21
kotlin 2-m.kt 1092ms 73ms 106.9MB 1977ms 57ms kotlin/jvm 17.0.2

edigits

Input: 250001

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
crystal 1.cr 84ms 3.2ms 9.3MB 67ms 3ms crystal 1.4.1

Input: 100000

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
crystal 1.cr 31ms 0.3ms 7.0MB 20ms 0ms crystal 1.4.1

fannkuch-redux

Input: 11

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
crystal 1.cr 3816ms 3.5ms 3.0MB 3800ms 0ms crystal 1.4.1

Input: 10

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
crystal 1.cr 315ms 1.6ms 3.0MB 303ms 0ms crystal 1.4.1

fasta

Input: 2500000

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
crystal 2.cr 842ms 6.9ms 3.6MB 683ms 143ms crystal 1.4.1
crystal 1.cr 1030ms 0.5ms 14.8MB 857ms 160ms crystal 1.4.1

Input: 250000

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
crystal 2.cr 88ms 0.7ms 3.5MB 70ms 10ms crystal 1.4.1
crystal 1.cr 109ms 2.2ms 4.6MB 83ms 13ms crystal 1.4.1

helloworld

Input: QwQ

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
kotlin 1.kt 2.5ms 0.4ms 1.2MB 0ms 0ms kotlin/native 1.6.21
crystal 1.cr 3.0ms 0.6ms 3.0MB 0ms 0ms crystal 1.4.1
kotlin 1.kt 66ms 2.9ms 40.8MB 52ms 8ms kotlin/jvm 17.0.2

http-server

Input: 3000

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
crystal 1.cr 2833ms 1054ms 131.4MB 303ms 290ms crystal 1.4.1
kotlin 1.kt timeout 0.0ms 0.0MB 0ms 0ms kotlin/jvm 17.0.2
kotlin 2.kt timeout 0.0ms 0.0MB 0ms 0ms kotlin/jvm 17.0.2

Input: 500

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
crystal 1.cr 1242ms 112ms 32.7MB 20ms 63ms crystal 1.4.1
kotlin 2-m.kt 2117ms 172ms 241.9MB 3383ms 230ms kotlin/jvm 17.0.2
kotlin 1-m.kt 2372ms 280ms 228.1MB 3690ms 287ms kotlin/jvm 17.0.2

lru

Input: 1000 1000000

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
crystal 0-unsafe.cr 63ms 2.1ms 5.0MB 50ms 0ms crystal 1.4.1
crystal 1.cr 108ms 1.8ms 3.0MB 100ms 0ms crystal 1.4.1
kotlin 2-m.kt 223ms 5.9ms 113.8MB 330ms 30ms kotlin/jvm 17.0.2
kotlin 1.kt 234ms 3.0ms 109.7MB 300ms 20ms kotlin/jvm 17.0.2
kotlin 2.kt 363ms 3.4ms 88.5MB 337ms 10ms kotlin/native 1.6.21
kotlin 1.kt timeout 0.0ms 0.0MB 0ms 0ms kotlin/native 1.6.21

Input: 1000 3000000

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
crystal 0-unsafe.cr 175ms 1.0ms 3.0MB 163ms 0ms crystal 1.4.1
crystal 1.cr 313ms 0.4ms 3.1MB 300ms 0ms crystal 1.4.1
kotlin 2.kt 367ms 3.8ms 130.7MB 470ms 27ms kotlin/jvm 17.0.2
kotlin 1.kt 455ms 2.2ms 132.6MB 517ms 27ms kotlin/jvm 17.0.2
kotlin 2.kt 1125ms 1.8ms 134.1MB 1087ms 23ms kotlin/native 1.6.21
kotlin 1.kt timeout 0.0ms 0.0MB 0ms 0ms kotlin/native 1.6.21

Input: 100 500000

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
crystal 0-unsafe.cr 32ms 2.1ms 3.1MB 20ms 0ms crystal 1.4.1
crystal 1.cr 55ms 1.2ms 5.1MB 47ms 0ms crystal 1.4.1
kotlin 1.kt 173ms 4.0ms 74.2MB 237ms 17ms kotlin/jvm 17.0.2
kotlin 2.kt 174ms 8.8ms 42.1MB 163ms 0ms kotlin/native 1.6.21
kotlin 2-m.kt 186ms 22ms 83.1MB 273ms 20ms kotlin/jvm 17.0.2
kotlin 1.kt timeout 0.0ms 0.0MB 0ms 0ms kotlin/native 1.6.21

mandelbrot

Input: 5000

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
crystal 1.cr 996ms 1.0ms 9.6MB 980ms 0ms crystal 1.4.1

Input: 1000

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
crystal 1.cr 46ms 0.6ms 5.0MB 33ms 0ms crystal 1.4.1

merkletrees

Input: 17

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
kotlin 1.kt 461ms 8.2ms 362.9MB 450ms 80ms kotlin/jvm 17.0.2
crystal 1.cr 1119ms 48ms 66.2MB 1287ms 13ms crystal 1.4.1
kotlin 1.kt timeout 0.0ms 0.0MB 0ms 0ms kotlin/native 1.6.21

Input: 15

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
kotlin 1.kt 178ms 1.5ms 220.8MB 160ms 47ms kotlin/jvm 17.0.2
crystal 1.cr 226ms 4.8ms 19.4MB 250ms 3ms crystal 1.4.1
kotlin 1.kt 560ms 1.8ms 62.4MB 537ms 10ms kotlin/native 1.6.21

nbody

Input: 5000000

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
crystal 1.cr 510ms 0.8ms 3.1MB 500ms 0ms crystal 1.4.1
crystal 2.cr 540ms 0.7ms 3.1MB 530ms 0ms crystal 1.4.1
kotlin 1.kt 570ms 1.1ms 43.1MB 583ms 13ms kotlin/jvm 17.0.2
kotlin 1n.kt 583ms 1.1ms 1.1MB 570ms 0ms kotlin/native 1.6.21

Input: 500000

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
crystal 1.cr 55ms 1.3ms 3.0MB 43ms 0ms crystal 1.4.1
crystal 2.cr 59ms 2.2ms 5.1MB 47ms 0ms crystal 1.4.1
kotlin 1n.kt 61ms 0.3ms 1.1MB 50ms 0ms kotlin/native 1.6.21
kotlin 1.kt 134ms 4.0ms 43.2MB 143ms 17ms kotlin/jvm 17.0.2

nsieve

Input: 12

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
crystal 2.cr 466ms 1.2ms 10.1MB 450ms 0ms crystal 1.4.1
crystal 1.cr 878ms 62ms 44.5MB 853ms 10ms crystal 1.4.1

Input: 10

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
crystal 2.cr 108ms 1.9ms 4.4MB 100ms 0ms crystal 1.4.1
crystal 1.cr 147ms 1.5ms 14.8MB 133ms 0ms crystal 1.4.1

pidigits

Input: 8000

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
crystal 1.cr 2771ms 83ms 6.8MB 3037ms 267ms crystal 1.4.1
kotlin 1.kt timeout 0.0ms 0.0MB 0ms 0ms kotlin/jvm 17.0.2
kotlin 1n.kt timeout 0.0ms 0.0MB 0ms 0ms kotlin/native 1.6.21
kotlin 2n.kt timeout 0.0ms 0.0MB 0ms 0ms kotlin/native 1.6.21

Input: 4000

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
crystal 1.cr 653ms 3.5ms 5.4MB 680ms 73ms crystal 1.4.1
kotlin 1.kt 1456ms 23ms 227.6MB 1820ms 50ms kotlin/jvm 17.0.2
kotlin 1n.kt timeout 0.0ms 0.0MB 0ms 0ms kotlin/native 1.6.21
kotlin 2n.kt timeout 0.0ms 0.0MB 0ms 0ms kotlin/native 1.6.21

spectral-norm

Input: 8000

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
crystal 1.cr timeout 0.0ms 0.0MB 0ms 0ms crystal 1.4.1

Input: 4000

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
crystal 1.cr 1507ms 2.2ms 5.6MB 1497ms 0ms crystal 1.4.1

Input: 2000

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
crystal 1.cr 381ms 1.5ms 3.8MB 367ms 0ms crystal 1.4.1