Programming Language and compiler
Benchmarks

Crystal VS Kotlin benchmarks

Current benchmark data was generated on Wed Sep 28 2022, full log can be found HERE

CONTRIBUTIONS are WELCOME!

[x86_64][2 cores] Intel(R) Xeon(R) Platinum 8370C CPU @ 2.80GHz (Model 106)

* -m in a file name stands for multi-threading or multi-processing

* -i in a file name stands for direct intrinsics usage. (Usage of simd intrinsics via libraries is not counted)

* -ffi in a file name stands for non-stdlib FFI usage

* (You may find time < time(user) + time(sys) for some non-parallelized programs, the overhead is from GC or JIT compiler, which are allowed to take advantage of multi-cores as that's more close to real-world scenarios.)

binarytrees

Input: 18

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
kotlin 1.kt 646ms 21ms 412.3MB 653ms 97ms kotlin/jvm 17.0.2
crystal 1.cr 1546ms 11ms 66.3MB 1850ms 13ms crystal 1.5.1
kotlin 1-m.kt 4834ms 48ms 246.8MB 7880ms 53ms kotlin/native 1.7.10

Input: 15

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
kotlin 1.kt 126ms 2.8ms 109.7MB 110ms 30ms kotlin/jvm 17.0.2
crystal 1.cr 131ms 2.0ms 13.1MB 133ms 7ms crystal 1.5.1
kotlin 1-m.kt 415ms 1.2ms 30.5MB 690ms 0ms kotlin/native 1.7.10

coro-prime-sieve

Input: 4000

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
crystal 1.cr 1885ms 14ms 20.5MB 1843ms 30ms crystal 1.5.1
kotlin 2-m.kt 2872ms 80ms 157.7MB 5470ms 67ms kotlin/jvm 17.0.2
kotlin 1.kt 3016ms 39ms 154.5MB 3863ms 37ms kotlin/jvm 17.0.2
kotlin 1.kt timeout 0.0ms 0.0MB 0ms 0ms kotlin/native 1.7.10
kotlin 2-m.kt timeout 0.0ms 0.0MB 0ms 0ms kotlin/native 1.7.10

Input: 1000

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
crystal 1.cr 108ms 3.0ms 9.4MB 93ms 3ms crystal 1.5.1
kotlin 1-m.kt 689ms 6.6ms 94.2MB 1210ms 43ms kotlin/jvm 17.0.2
kotlin 2-m.kt 867ms 23ms 29.8MB 1533ms 30ms kotlin/native 1.7.10
kotlin 2-m.kt 1058ms 13ms 103.6MB 1930ms 37ms kotlin/jvm 17.0.2
kotlin 1.kt 1077ms 5.0ms 10.6MB 1237ms 7ms kotlin/native 1.7.10

edigits

Input: 250001

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
crystal 1.cr 84ms 0.5ms 7.3MB 70ms 0ms crystal 1.5.1

Input: 100000

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
crystal 1.cr 32ms 0.7ms 7.3MB 13ms 0ms crystal 1.5.1

fannkuch-redux

Input: 11

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
crystal 1.cr 3970ms 3.9ms 5.0MB 3960ms 0ms crystal 1.5.1

Input: 10

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
crystal 1.cr 322ms 2.7ms 3.0MB 310ms 0ms crystal 1.5.1

fasta

Input: 2500000

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
crystal 2.cr 860ms 0.3ms 3.5MB 740ms 107ms crystal 1.5.1
crystal 1.cr 1054ms 0.6ms 14.7MB 907ms 133ms crystal 1.5.1

Input: 250000

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
crystal 2.cr 91ms 1.0ms 5.2MB 67ms 7ms crystal 1.5.1
crystal 1.cr 111ms 1.8ms 6.5MB 97ms 3ms crystal 1.5.1

helloworld

Input: QwQ

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
kotlin 1.kt 2.4ms 0.6ms 1.1MB 0ms 0ms kotlin/native 1.7.10
crystal 1.cr 3.5ms 0.7ms 3.2MB 0ms 0ms crystal 1.5.1
kotlin 1.kt 63ms 5.3ms 40.8MB 46ms 10ms kotlin/jvm 17.0.2

http-server

Input: 3000

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
crystal 1.cr 2919ms 976ms 134.4MB 287ms 280ms crystal 1.5.1
kotlin 1.kt timeout 0.0ms 0.0MB 0ms 0ms kotlin/jvm 17.0.2
kotlin 2.kt timeout 0.0ms 0.0MB 0ms 0ms kotlin/jvm 17.0.2

Input: 500

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
crystal 1.cr 1309ms 5.1ms 31.3MB 37ms 47ms crystal 1.5.1
kotlin 2-m.kt 2265ms 143ms 199.2MB 3520ms 200ms kotlin/jvm 17.0.2
kotlin 1-m.kt 2424ms 263ms 182.4MB 3883ms 237ms kotlin/jvm 17.0.2

lru

Input: 1000 1000000

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
crystal 0-unsafe.cr 62ms 1.9ms 4.9MB 50ms 0ms crystal 1.5.1
crystal 1.cr 107ms 1.7ms 3.1MB 100ms 0ms crystal 1.5.1
kotlin 1.kt 235ms 2.4ms 109.9MB 300ms 20ms kotlin/jvm 17.0.2
kotlin 2-m.kt 240ms 22ms 118.0MB 360ms 23ms kotlin/jvm 17.0.2
kotlin 2-m.kt 464ms 12ms 54.1MB 747ms 3ms kotlin/native 1.7.10
kotlin 1.kt timeout 0.0ms 0.0MB 0ms 0ms kotlin/native 1.7.10

Input: 1000 3000000

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
crystal 0-unsafe.cr 174ms 1.4ms 5.1MB 160ms 0ms crystal 1.5.1
crystal 1.cr 314ms 2.6ms 3.1MB 300ms 0ms crystal 1.5.1
kotlin 2.kt 369ms 0.6ms 130.6MB 470ms 27ms kotlin/jvm 17.0.2
kotlin 1.kt 454ms 2.5ms 132.8MB 503ms 37ms kotlin/jvm 17.0.2
kotlin 2-m.kt 1384ms 2.6ms 146.0MB 2140ms 37ms kotlin/native 1.7.10
kotlin 1.kt timeout 0.0ms 0.0MB 0ms 0ms kotlin/native 1.7.10

Input: 100 500000

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
crystal 0-unsafe.cr 31ms 0.6ms 4.9MB 20ms 0ms crystal 1.5.1
crystal 1.cr 53ms 0.6ms 3.1MB 47ms 0ms crystal 1.5.1
kotlin 1-m.kt 170ms 2.4ms 75.9MB 250ms 17ms kotlin/jvm 17.0.2
kotlin 2-m.kt 178ms 4.3ms 76.8MB 253ms 20ms kotlin/jvm 17.0.2
kotlin 2-m.kt 237ms 4.8ms 27.9MB 387ms 0ms kotlin/native 1.7.10
kotlin 1.kt timeout 0.0ms 0.0MB 0ms 0ms kotlin/native 1.7.10

mandelbrot

Input: 5000

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
crystal 1.cr 994ms 0.9ms 7.6MB 987ms 0ms crystal 1.5.1

Input: 1000

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
crystal 1.cr 45ms 0.2ms 6.4MB 33ms 0ms crystal 1.5.1

merkletrees

Input: 17

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
kotlin 1.kt 500ms 21ms 561.1MB 477ms 100ms kotlin/jvm 17.0.2
crystal 1.cr 1021ms 28ms 64.4MB 1143ms 27ms crystal 1.5.1
kotlin 1.kt 2330ms 9.2ms 138.2MB 3397ms 23ms kotlin/native 1.7.10

Input: 15

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
kotlin 1.kt 188ms 3.7ms 221.5MB 170ms 47ms kotlin/jvm 17.0.2
crystal 1.cr 197ms 2.5ms 17.7MB 210ms 3ms crystal 1.5.1
kotlin 1.kt 425ms 5.9ms 38.1MB 613ms 3ms kotlin/native 1.7.10

nbody

Input: 5000000

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
crystal 1.cr 509ms 0.5ms 4.9MB 500ms 0ms crystal 1.5.1
kotlin 1n.kt 537ms 3.4ms 1.1MB 527ms 0ms kotlin/native 1.7.10
crystal 2.cr 540ms 0.8ms 3.0MB 530ms 0ms crystal 1.5.1
kotlin 1.kt 566ms 0.2ms 43.2MB 580ms 17ms kotlin/jvm 17.0.2

Input: 500000

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
crystal 1.cr 56ms 1.9ms 4.9MB 43ms 0ms crystal 1.5.1
kotlin 1n.kt 58ms 0.7ms 1.2MB 50ms 0ms kotlin/native 1.7.10
crystal 2.cr 60ms 0.4ms 4.8MB 47ms 0ms crystal 1.5.1
kotlin 1.kt 135ms 0.8ms 43.2MB 157ms 10ms kotlin/jvm 17.0.2

nsieve

Input: 12

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
crystal 2.cr 470ms 6.4ms 8.1MB 457ms 0ms crystal 1.5.1
crystal 1.cr 748ms 29ms 42.2MB 727ms 0ms crystal 1.5.1

Input: 10

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
crystal 2.cr 111ms 1.8ms 6.3MB 97ms 3ms crystal 1.5.1
crystal 1.cr 155ms 0.2ms 12.9MB 143ms 0ms crystal 1.5.1

pidigits

Input: 8000

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
crystal 1.cr 2672ms 123ms 8.8MB 2923ms 230ms crystal 1.5.1
kotlin 1.kt timeout 0.0ms 0.0MB 0ms 0ms kotlin/jvm 17.0.2
kotlin 1n.kt timeout 0.0ms 0.0MB 0ms 0ms kotlin/native 1.7.10
kotlin 2n.kt timeout 0.0ms 0.0MB 0ms 0ms kotlin/native 1.7.10

Input: 4000

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
crystal 1.cr 644ms 8.4ms 5.5MB 687ms 57ms crystal 1.5.1
kotlin 1.kt 1434ms 9.9ms 207.7MB 1760ms 50ms kotlin/jvm 17.0.2
kotlin 1n.kt timeout 0.0ms 0.0MB 0ms 0ms kotlin/native 1.7.10
kotlin 2n.kt timeout 0.0ms 0.0MB 0ms 0ms kotlin/native 1.7.10

regex-redux

Input: 2500000_in

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
crystal 1.cr 2462ms 7.1ms 194.3MB 2383ms 60ms crystal 1.5.1
kotlin 1.kt timeout 0.0ms 0.0MB 0ms 0ms kotlin/jvm 17.0.2
kotlin 1n.kt timeout 0.0ms 0.0MB 0ms 0ms kotlin/native 1.7.10

Input: 250000_in

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
crystal 1.cr 253ms 0.8ms 22.8MB 233ms 7ms crystal 1.5.1
kotlin 1.kt 1073ms 9.0ms 95.5MB 1470ms 37ms kotlin/jvm 17.0.2
kotlin 1n.kt 4822ms 8.4ms 74.8MB 6053ms 17ms kotlin/native 1.7.10

spectral-norm

Input: 8000

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
crystal 1.cr timeout 0.0ms 0.0MB 0ms 0ms crystal 1.5.1

Input: 4000

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
crystal 1.cr 1504ms 0.6ms 4.1MB 1490ms 3ms crystal 1.5.1

Input: 2000

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
crystal 1.cr 382ms 2.0ms 5.6MB 370ms 0ms crystal 1.5.1