Programming Language and compiler
Benchmarks

Crystal VS D benchmarks

Current benchmark data was generated on Sat Nov 16 2024, full log can be found HERE

CONTRIBUTIONS are WELCOME!

[x86_64][4 cores] AMD EPYC 7763 64-Core Processor (Model 1)

* -m in a file name stands for multi-threading or multi-processing

* -i in a file name stands for direct intrinsics usage. (Usage of simd intrinsics via libraries is not counted)

* -ffi in a file name stands for non-stdlib FFI usage

* (You may find time < time(user) + time(sys) for some non-parallelized programs, the overhead is from GC or JIT compiler, which are allowed to take advantage of multi-cores as that's more close to real-world scenarios.)

binarytrees

Input: 18

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
crystal 1.cr 1357ms 14ms 64.3MB 1337ms 10ms crystal 1.14.0
d 1.d 1714ms 10ms 312.4MB 1680ms 40ms ldc2 1.39.0
d 1.d 2690ms 19ms 314.8MB 2890ms 27ms dmd 2.109.1

Input: 15

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
crystal 1.cr 110ms 3.0ms 11.1MB 93ms 0ms crystal 1.14.0
d 1.d 161ms 4.1ms 209.0MB 127ms 20ms ldc2 1.39.0
d 1.d 233ms 2.4ms 210.6MB 207ms 10ms dmd 2.109.1

coro-prime-sieve

Input: 4000

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
crystal 1.cr 1420ms 28ms 20.1MB 1340ms 63ms crystal 1.14.0
d 1.d timeout 0.0ms 16.5MB 4957ms 33ms dmd 2.109.1
d 1.d timeout 0.0ms 14.8MB 4950ms 30ms ldc2 1.39.0

Input: 1000

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
crystal 1.cr 78ms 1.8ms 7.5MB 50ms 10ms crystal 1.14.0
d 1.d 1049ms 8.0ms 8.4MB 1023ms 10ms ldc2 1.39.0
d 1.d 1313ms 9.7ms 10.8MB 1290ms 13ms dmd 2.109.1

edigits

Input: 250001

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
crystal 1.cr 59ms 1.0ms 6.6MB 43ms 0ms crystal 1.14.0
d 1.d 2539ms 2.5ms 8.1MB 2530ms 0ms ldc2 1.39.0
d 1.d 2922ms 4.0ms 10.3MB 2913ms 3ms dmd 2.109.1

Input: 100000

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
crystal 1.cr 23ms 1.5ms 5.4MB 10ms 0ms crystal 1.14.0
d 1.d 441ms 1.2ms 7.9MB 430ms 0ms ldc2 1.39.0
d 1.d 535ms 5.9ms 10.1MB 523ms 0ms dmd 2.109.1

fannkuch-redux

Input: 11

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
d 1-im.d 393ms 36ms 5.1MB 1413ms 0ms ldc2 1.39.0
d 2-im.d 1136ms 27ms 5.1MB 4287ms 0ms ldc2 1.39.0
d 1-i.d 1481ms 0.7ms 2.8MB 1467ms 0ms ldc2 1.39.0
crystal 1.cr 2479ms 10ms 3.0MB 2467ms 0ms crystal 1.14.0
d 1.d 3136ms 26ms 2.8MB 3123ms 0ms ldc2 1.39.0
d 2-i.d 3223ms 4.8ms 2.8MB 3210ms 0ms ldc2 1.39.0
d 1.d 3502ms 2.1ms 4.6MB 3490ms 0ms dmd 2.109.1
d 1-im.d 4227ms 47ms 8.7MB 16457ms 0ms dmd 2.109.1
d 1-i.d timeout 0.0ms 4.5MB 4990ms 0ms dmd 2.109.1
d 2-i.d timeout 0.0ms 4.6MB 4990ms 0ms dmd 2.109.1
d 2-im.d timeout 0.0ms 6.8MB 19710ms 10ms dmd 2.109.1

Input: 10

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
d 1-im.d 40ms 2.1ms 4.9MB 110ms 0ms ldc2 1.39.0
d 2-im.d 100ms 1.6ms 5.1MB 343ms 0ms ldc2 1.39.0
d 1-i.d 124ms 0.3ms 2.8MB 117ms 0ms ldc2 1.39.0
crystal 1.cr 206ms 2.2ms 3.0MB 190ms 0ms crystal 1.14.0
d 1.d 264ms 4.4ms 2.8MB 253ms 0ms ldc2 1.39.0
d 2-i.d 267ms 1.0ms 2.9MB 253ms 0ms ldc2 1.39.0
d 1.d 296ms 2.1ms 4.6MB 287ms 0ms dmd 2.109.1
d 1-im.d 355ms 4.0ms 6.9MB 1340ms 0ms dmd 2.109.1
d 2-im.d 531ms 2.2ms 8.8MB 1990ms 0ms dmd 2.109.1
d 1-i.d 863ms 34ms 4.5MB 853ms 0ms dmd 2.109.1
d 2-i.d 1415ms 9.9ms 4.5MB 1403ms 0ms dmd 2.109.1

fasta

Input: 2500000

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
d 1.d 196ms 1.6ms 31.9MB 177ms 3ms ldc2 1.39.0
crystal 2.cr 539ms 2.5ms 3.4MB 407ms 113ms crystal 1.14.0
d 1.d 623ms 3.2ms 48.0MB 607ms 10ms dmd 2.109.1
crystal 1.cr 727ms 0.8ms 14.7MB 597ms 120ms crystal 1.14.0

Input: 250000

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
d 1.d 24ms 0.6ms 7.3MB 17ms 0ms ldc2 1.39.0
crystal 2.cr 59ms 1.6ms 3.4MB 40ms 3ms crystal 1.14.0
d 1.d 66ms 0.7ms 12.2MB 60ms 0ms dmd 2.109.1
crystal 1.cr 77ms 1.6ms 4.5MB 50ms 10ms crystal 1.14.0

helloworld

Input: QwQ

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
d 1.d 1.7ms 0.2ms 2.9MB 0ms 0ms ldc2 1.39.0
crystal 1.cr 2.2ms 0.2ms 3.1MB 0ms 0ms crystal 1.14.0
d 1.d 2.3ms 0.3ms 5.1MB 0ms 0ms dmd 2.109.1

http-server

Input: 3000

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
d 1-m.d 3.6ms 6.2ms 18.1MB 355ms 765ms ldc2 1.39.0
d 1.d 1033ms 0.9ms 22.7MB 413ms 777ms dmd 2.109.1
d 2.d 1035ms 0.6ms 25.0MB 443ms 757ms dmd 2.109.1
crystal 1.cr 2213ms 195ms 186.4MB 290ms 500ms crystal 1.14.0
d 2.d timeout 0.0ms 22.1MB 333ms 780ms ldc2 1.39.0

Input: 500

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
d 2.d 338ms 585ms 22.0MB 50ms 140ms ldc2 1.39.0
d 1.d 1015ms 0.5ms 20.1MB 67ms 127ms ldc2 1.39.0
d 2.d 1015ms 0.4ms 24.4MB 77ms 133ms dmd 2.109.1
d 1.d 1015ms 0.5ms 24.6MB 63ms 140ms dmd 2.109.1
crystal 1.cr 1222ms 100ms 53.8MB 27ms 83ms crystal 1.14.0

lru

Input: 1000 1000000

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
crystal 0-unsafe.cr 36ms 0.9ms 3.1MB 23ms 0ms crystal 1.14.0
crystal 1.cr 65ms 0.9ms 3.1MB 53ms 0ms crystal 1.14.0
d 1.d 125ms 0.3ms 6.1MB 117ms 3ms ldc2 1.39.0
d 1.d 185ms 10ms 7.9MB 157ms 33ms dmd 2.109.1

Input: 1000 3000000

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
crystal 0-unsafe.cr 100ms 0.6ms 3.1MB 90ms 0ms crystal 1.14.0
crystal 1.cr 183ms 1.6ms 3.1MB 170ms 0ms crystal 1.14.0
d 1.d 364ms 6.3ms 4.0MB 350ms 23ms ldc2 1.39.0
d 1.d 539ms 17ms 8.1MB 520ms 53ms dmd 2.109.1

Input: 100 500000

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
crystal 0-unsafe.cr 19ms 1.1ms 3.0MB 10ms 0ms crystal 1.14.0
crystal 1.cr 30ms 1.0ms 3.0MB 20ms 0ms crystal 1.14.0
d 1.d 55ms 1.7ms 5.9MB 43ms 0ms ldc2 1.39.0
d 1.d 79ms 0.9ms 8.2MB 70ms 0ms dmd 2.109.1

mandelbrot

Input: 5000

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
crystal 1.cr 314ms 1.8ms 9.2MB 303ms 0ms crystal 1.14.0
d 1.d 409ms 4.3ms 7.5MB 397ms 0ms ldc2 1.39.0
d 1.d 2324ms 373ms 9.3MB 2313ms 0ms dmd 2.109.1

Input: 1000

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
crystal 1.cr 18ms 0.3ms 6.3MB 10ms 0ms crystal 1.14.0
d 1.d 20ms 0.1ms 3.0MB 10ms 0ms ldc2 1.39.0
d 1.d 92ms 1.5ms 4.5MB 80ms 0ms dmd 2.109.1

merkletrees

Input: 17

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
crystal 1.cr 804ms 11ms 81.7MB 773ms 13ms crystal 1.14.0
d 1.d 979ms 4.8ms 312.5MB 940ms 40ms ldc2 1.39.0
d 1.d 1748ms 19ms 314.9MB 1883ms 40ms dmd 2.109.1

Input: 15

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
crystal 1.cr 160ms 0.7ms 22.4MB 140ms 3ms crystal 1.14.0
d 1.d 210ms 2.2ms 312.6MB 163ms 33ms ldc2 1.39.0
d 1.d 343ms 1.4ms 314.5MB 313ms 23ms dmd 2.109.1

nbody

Input: 5000000

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
crystal 2.cr 342ms 2.6ms 3.4MB 327ms 0ms crystal 1.14.0
crystal 1.cr 344ms 2.9ms 3.4MB 333ms 0ms crystal 1.14.0
d 2.d 361ms 0.5ms 2.9MB 350ms 0ms ldc2 1.39.0
d 1.d 361ms 1.0ms 2.9MB 350ms 0ms ldc2 1.39.0
d 1.d 680ms 2.2ms 4.6MB 670ms 0ms dmd 2.109.1
d 2.d 2009ms 2.2ms 4.6MB 2000ms 0ms dmd 2.109.1

Input: 500000

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
crystal 1.cr 38ms 0.2ms 3.4MB 27ms 0ms crystal 1.14.0
crystal 2.cr 39ms 0.3ms 3.4MB 30ms 0ms crystal 1.14.0
d 1.d 39ms 0.5ms 2.9MB 30ms 0ms ldc2 1.39.0
d 2.d 39ms 0.7ms 2.9MB 30ms 0ms ldc2 1.39.0
d 1.d 71ms 0.9ms 4.8MB 63ms 0ms dmd 2.109.1
d 2.d 203ms 0.2ms 4.6MB 190ms 0ms dmd 2.109.1

nsieve

Input: 12

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
d 1.d 315ms 2.3ms 77.1MB 300ms 0ms dmd 2.109.1
crystal 2.cr 351ms 1.7ms 8.4MB 340ms 0ms crystal 1.14.0
d 1.d 352ms 4.4ms 43.7MB 333ms 3ms ldc2 1.39.0
crystal 1.cr 373ms 4.3ms 43.0MB 357ms 0ms crystal 1.14.0
d 2.d 821ms 4.2ms 47.5MB 800ms 10ms ldc2 1.39.0
d 2.d 1162ms 1.7ms 49.3MB 1143ms 3ms dmd 2.109.1

Input: 10

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
d 1.d 61ms 1.8ms 13.5MB 43ms 3ms ldc2 1.39.0
d 1.d 66ms 0.8ms 24.1MB 57ms 0ms dmd 2.109.1
crystal 1.cr 79ms 1.1ms 13.3MB 70ms 0ms crystal 1.14.0
crystal 2.cr 87ms 1.7ms 4.6MB 80ms 0ms crystal 1.14.0
d 2.d 203ms 0.8ms 15.7MB 190ms 0ms ldc2 1.39.0
d 2.d 291ms 1.3ms 17.6MB 277ms 3ms dmd 2.109.1

pidigits

Input: 8000

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
crystal 1.cr 2001ms 13ms 6.4MB 1953ms 30ms crystal 1.14.0
d 1.d 2410ms 8.4ms 8.0MB 2367ms 387ms ldc2 1.39.0
d 1.d 4352ms 6.4ms 10.1MB 4243ms 487ms dmd 2.109.1

Input: 4000

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
crystal 1.cr 451ms 17ms 5.2MB 433ms 0ms crystal 1.14.0
d 1.d 578ms 1.6ms 8.1MB 557ms 93ms ldc2 1.39.0
d 1.d 1041ms 11ms 10.2MB 1027ms 113ms dmd 2.109.1

spectral-norm

Input: 8000

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
d 1.d 3584ms 9.1ms 4.1MB 3570ms 0ms ldc2 1.39.0
d 1.d 3665ms 31ms 5.9MB 3653ms 0ms dmd 2.109.1
crystal 1.cr 3898ms 25ms 4.6MB 3887ms 0ms crystal 1.14.0

Input: 4000

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
d 1.d 902ms 0.5ms 3.5MB 890ms 0ms ldc2 1.39.0
d 1.d 911ms 2.1ms 5.8MB 900ms 0ms dmd 2.109.1
crystal 1.cr 981ms 2.7ms 4.5MB 967ms 0ms crystal 1.14.0

Input: 2000

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
d 1.d 227ms 0.4ms 3.0MB 220ms 0ms ldc2 1.39.0
d 1.d 235ms 1.0ms 4.9MB 220ms 0ms dmd 2.109.1
crystal 1.cr 251ms 3.2ms 4.0MB 240ms 0ms crystal 1.14.0