Programming Language and compiler
Benchmarks

Crystal VS Wasm benchmarks

Current benchmark data was generated on Sun Jun 01 2025, full log can be found HERE

CONTRIBUTIONS are WELCOME!

[x86_64][4 cores] AMD EPYC 7763 64-Core Processor (Model 1)

* -m in a file name stands for multi-threading or multi-processing

* -i in a file name stands for direct intrinsics usage. (Usage of simd intrinsics via libraries is not counted)

* -ffi in a file name stands for non-stdlib FFI usage

* (You may find time < time(user) + time(sys) for some non-parallelized programs, the overhead is from GC or JIT compiler, which are allowed to take advantage of multi-cores as that's more close to real-world scenarios.)

binarytrees

Input: 18

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
crystal 1.cr 1219ms 8.5ms 64.2MB 1200ms 10ms crystal 1.16.3
wasm 5.rs 1744ms 15ms 33.9MB 1727ms 10ms wasmtime 33.0.0
wasm 3.rs 1791ms 35ms 49.9MB 1760ms 13ms wasmtime 33.0.0
wasm 4.rs 1806ms 5.3ms 33.9MB 1783ms 10ms wasmtime 33.0.0

Input: 15

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
crystal 1.cr 105ms 2.8ms 10.9MB 97ms 0ms crystal 1.16.3
wasm 5.rs 170ms 3.5ms 20.1MB 160ms 0ms wasmtime 33.0.0
wasm 3.rs 174ms 3.4ms 21.9MB 160ms 0ms wasmtime 33.0.0
wasm 4.rs 195ms 7.7ms 19.9MB 180ms 0ms wasmtime 33.0.0

coro-prime-sieve

Input: 4000

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
wasm 3.rs 1143ms 6.3ms 20.3MB 1130ms 0ms wasmtime 33.0.0
crystal 1.cr 1500ms 42ms 19.9MB 1437ms 53ms crystal 1.16.3

Input: 1000

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
wasm 3.rs 81ms 1.2ms 18.6MB 70ms 0ms wasmtime 33.0.0
crystal 1.cr 81ms 2.1ms 7.1MB 60ms 10ms crystal 1.16.3

edigits

Input: 250001

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
crystal 1.cr 57ms 0.6ms 6.5MB 40ms 0ms crystal 1.16.3
wasm 1.rs 416ms 1.6ms 19.6MB 403ms 0ms wasmtime 33.0.0

Input: 100000

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
crystal 1.cr 22ms 1.4ms 5.3MB 10ms 0ms crystal 1.16.3
wasm 1.rs 114ms 2.6ms 19.0MB 100ms 0ms wasmtime 33.0.0

fannkuch-redux

Input: 11

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
crystal 1.cr 2486ms 18ms 2.9MB 2477ms 0ms crystal 1.16.3
wasm 1.rs 4080ms 18ms 17.4MB 4067ms 0ms wasmtime 33.0.0

Input: 10

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
crystal 1.cr 205ms 2.3ms 2.9MB 197ms 0ms crystal 1.16.3
wasm 1.rs 345ms 3.4ms 17.4MB 333ms 0ms wasmtime 33.0.0

fasta

Input: 2500000

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
wasm 1.rs 232ms 1.5ms 18.0MB 217ms 0ms wasmtime 33.0.0
crystal 2.cr 536ms 2.9ms 3.5MB 450ms 73ms crystal 1.16.3
crystal 1.cr 678ms 2.3ms 14.6MB 570ms 97ms crystal 1.16.3

Input: 250000

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
wasm 1.rs 31ms 0.6ms 18.0MB 20ms 0ms wasmtime 33.0.0
crystal 2.cr 58ms 0.7ms 3.5MB 40ms 10ms crystal 1.16.3
crystal 1.cr 73ms 1.4ms 4.9MB 50ms 7ms crystal 1.16.3

helloworld

Input: QwQ

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
crystal 1.cr 1.9ms 0.2ms 2.9MB 0ms 0ms crystal 1.16.3
wasm 1.rs 6.2ms 0.3ms 15.3MB 0ms 0ms wasmtime 33.0.0

http-server

Input: 3000

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
crystal 1.cr 2991ms 528ms 240.7MB 293ms 427ms crystal 1.16.3

Input: 500

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
crystal 1.cr 1293ms 19ms 53.3MB 27ms 77ms crystal 1.16.3

lru

Input: 1000 1000000

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
crystal 0-unsafe.cr 35ms 0.6ms 3.0MB 30ms 0ms crystal 1.16.3
crystal 1.cr 65ms 1.6ms 3.0MB 57ms 0ms crystal 1.16.3
wasm 1.rs 91ms 1.0ms 17.7MB 80ms 0ms wasmtime 33.0.0

Input: 1000 3000000

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
crystal 0-unsafe.cr 99ms 1.4ms 3.0MB 90ms 0ms crystal 1.16.3
crystal 1.cr 191ms 5.3ms 3.0MB 183ms 0ms crystal 1.16.3
wasm 1.rs 253ms 2.5ms 17.6MB 240ms 0ms wasmtime 33.0.0

Input: 100 500000

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
crystal 0-unsafe.cr 17ms 0.5ms 3.0MB 10ms 0ms crystal 1.16.3
crystal 1.cr 30ms 0.8ms 3.0MB 20ms 0ms crystal 1.16.3
wasm 1.rs 47ms 0.4ms 17.5MB 37ms 0ms wasmtime 33.0.0

mandelbrot

Input: 5000

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
crystal 1.cr 314ms 0.9ms 9.3MB 300ms 0ms crystal 1.16.3
wasm 8.rs 832ms 3.3ms 21.1MB 817ms 0ms wasmtime 33.0.0

Input: 1000

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
crystal 1.cr 17ms 0.0ms 5.4MB 10ms 0ms crystal 1.16.3
wasm 8.rs 43ms 1.0ms 18.2MB 30ms 0ms wasmtime 33.0.0

merkletrees

Input: 17

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
crystal 1.cr 828ms 9.1ms 64.2MB 810ms 10ms crystal 1.16.3
wasm 1.rs 869ms 4.9ms 41.9MB 847ms 10ms wasmtime 33.0.0

Input: 15

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
crystal 1.cr 172ms 4.4ms 22.3MB 160ms 0ms crystal 1.16.3
wasm 1.rs 193ms 3.5ms 26.0MB 177ms 0ms wasmtime 33.0.0

nbody

Input: 5000000

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
crystal 2.cr 343ms 2.0ms 3.3MB 333ms 0ms crystal 1.16.3
crystal 1.cr 345ms 2.9ms 3.4MB 337ms 0ms crystal 1.16.3
wasm 1.rs 404ms 2.3ms 18.1MB 390ms 0ms wasmtime 33.0.0
wasm 2.rs 565ms 4.4ms 18.1MB 547ms 0ms wasmtime 33.0.0

Input: 500000

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
crystal 1.cr 38ms 1.3ms 3.3MB 30ms 0ms crystal 1.16.3
crystal 2.cr 38ms 0.6ms 3.3MB 30ms 0ms crystal 1.16.3
wasm 1.rs 48ms 1.3ms 18.1MB 37ms 0ms wasmtime 33.0.0
wasm 2.rs 64ms 1.1ms 18.4MB 50ms 0ms wasmtime 33.0.0

nsieve

Input: 12

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
crystal 2.cr 345ms 3.2ms 8.2MB 337ms 0ms crystal 1.16.3
wasm 2.rs 373ms 4.4ms 22.9MB 357ms 0ms wasmtime 33.0.0
crystal 1.cr 423ms 6.7ms 42.9MB 410ms 0ms crystal 1.16.3
wasm 1.rs 454ms 1.1ms 57.0MB 440ms 0ms wasmtime 33.0.0

Input: 10

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
crystal 2.cr 87ms 2.3ms 4.5MB 80ms 0ms crystal 1.16.3
crystal 1.cr 91ms 3.5ms 13.2MB 80ms 0ms crystal 1.16.3
wasm 1.rs 94ms 1.3ms 27.7MB 80ms 0ms wasmtime 33.0.0
wasm 2.rs 95ms 0.6ms 19.2MB 80ms 0ms wasmtime 33.0.0

pidigits

Input: 8000

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
crystal 1.cr 1947ms 50ms 6.3MB 1917ms 20ms crystal 1.16.3
wasm 2.rs 2212ms 2.7ms 21.0MB 2197ms 0ms wasmtime 33.0.0

Input: 4000

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
crystal 1.cr 450ms 9.9ms 5.0MB 437ms 0ms crystal 1.16.3
wasm 2.rs 524ms 4.1ms 18.3MB 513ms 0ms wasmtime 33.0.0

spectral-norm

Input: 8000

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
wasm 2.rs 3597ms 4.4ms 17.7MB 3583ms 0ms wasmtime 33.0.0
crystal 1.cr 3757ms 8.8ms 4.6MB 3743ms 0ms crystal 1.16.3
wasm 7.rs 4900ms 7.4ms 17.7MB 4887ms 0ms wasmtime 33.0.0

Input: 4000

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
wasm 2.rs 905ms 1.7ms 18.2MB 890ms 0ms wasmtime 33.0.0
crystal 1.cr 942ms 1.3ms 4.4MB 930ms 0ms crystal 1.16.3
wasm 7.rs 1229ms 2.0ms 17.7MB 1217ms 0ms wasmtime 33.0.0

Input: 2000

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
wasm 2.rs 233ms 1.4ms 18.3MB 220ms 0ms wasmtime 33.0.0
crystal 1.cr 240ms 1.7ms 3.9MB 230ms 0ms crystal 1.16.3
wasm 7.rs 315ms 1.6ms 17.7MB 300ms 0ms wasmtime 33.0.0