Programming Language and compiler
Benchmarks

Crystal VS Acton benchmarks

Current benchmark data was generated on Mon Apr 14 2025, full log can be found HERE

CONTRIBUTIONS are WELCOME!

[x86_64][4 cores] AMD EPYC 7763 64-Core Processor (Model 1)

* -m in a file name stands for multi-threading or multi-processing

* -i in a file name stands for direct intrinsics usage. (Usage of simd intrinsics via libraries is not counted)

* -ffi in a file name stands for non-stdlib FFI usage

* (You may find time < time(user) + time(sys) for some non-parallelized programs, the overhead is from GC or JIT compiler, which are allowed to take advantage of multi-cores as that's more close to real-world scenarios.)

binarytrees

Input: 18

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
crystal 1.cr 1247ms 8.3ms 64.0MB 1223ms 13ms crystal 1.16.0
acton 1.act timeout 0.0ms 67.0MB 6010ms 83ms actonc 0.24.1

Input: 15

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
crystal 1.cr 107ms 2.4ms 10.9MB 97ms 0ms crystal 1.16.0
acton 1.act 836ms 39ms 12.0MB 983ms 73ms actonc 0.24.1

coro-prime-sieve

Input: 4000

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
crystal 1.cr 1555ms 17ms 19.8MB 1483ms 60ms crystal 1.16.0

Input: 1000

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
crystal 1.cr 86ms 2.7ms 7.0MB 67ms 10ms crystal 1.16.0

edigits

Input: 250001

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
crystal 1.cr 59ms 0.2ms 6.4MB 40ms 3ms crystal 1.16.0
acton 1.act 262ms 7.3ms 7.1MB 240ms 57ms actonc 0.24.1

Input: 100000

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
crystal 1.cr 23ms 1.2ms 5.1MB 10ms 0ms crystal 1.16.0
acton 1.act 90ms 6.8ms 5.3MB 70ms 27ms actonc 0.24.1

fannkuch-redux

Input: 11

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
crystal 1.cr 2465ms 3.2ms 2.8MB 2457ms 0ms crystal 1.16.0

Input: 10

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
crystal 1.cr 204ms 1.4ms 2.8MB 190ms 0ms crystal 1.16.0

fasta

Input: 2500000

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
crystal 2.cr 553ms 1.2ms 3.5MB 453ms 87ms crystal 1.16.0
crystal 1.cr 691ms 0.8ms 14.4MB 573ms 107ms crystal 1.16.0

Input: 250000

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
crystal 2.cr 61ms 0.9ms 3.5MB 40ms 10ms crystal 1.16.0
crystal 1.cr 74ms 1.6ms 4.8MB 50ms 10ms crystal 1.16.0

helloworld

Input: QwQ

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
crystal 1.cr 1.9ms 0.1ms 2.8MB 0ms 0ms crystal 1.16.0
acton 1.act 3.9ms 0.3ms 4.3MB 0ms 0ms actonc 0.24.1

http-server

Input: 3000

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
crystal 1.cr 2319ms 124ms 255.6MB 313ms 490ms crystal 1.16.0

Input: 500

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
crystal 1.cr 1250ms 107ms 59.0MB 37ms 80ms crystal 1.16.0

lru

Input: 1000 1000000

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
crystal 0-unsafe.cr 37ms 1.4ms 2.9MB 30ms 0ms crystal 1.16.0
crystal 1.cr 64ms 0.9ms 2.9MB 53ms 0ms crystal 1.16.0

Input: 1000 3000000

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
crystal 0-unsafe.cr 99ms 1.1ms 2.9MB 90ms 0ms crystal 1.16.0
crystal 1.cr 185ms 0.7ms 2.9MB 173ms 0ms crystal 1.16.0

Input: 100 500000

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
crystal 0-unsafe.cr 18ms 1.3ms 2.9MB 10ms 0ms crystal 1.16.0
crystal 1.cr 30ms 1.7ms 2.9MB 20ms 0ms crystal 1.16.0

mandelbrot

Input: 5000

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
crystal 1.cr 313ms 1.1ms 9.1MB 300ms 0ms crystal 1.16.0

Input: 1000

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
crystal 1.cr 17ms 0.4ms 6.3MB 10ms 0ms crystal 1.16.0

merkletrees

Input: 17

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
crystal 1.cr 843ms 7.3ms 64.0MB 823ms 10ms crystal 1.16.0
acton 1.act 3301ms 20ms 102.0MB 3610ms 63ms actonc 0.24.1

Input: 15

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
crystal 1.cr 174ms 5.4ms 22.1MB 157ms 0ms crystal 1.16.0
acton 1.act 703ms 11ms 30.4MB 740ms 27ms actonc 0.24.1

nbody

Input: 5000000

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
crystal 1.cr 344ms 0.9ms 3.1MB 333ms 0ms crystal 1.16.0
crystal 2.cr 344ms 2.7ms 3.1MB 333ms 0ms crystal 1.16.0

Input: 500000

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
crystal 2.cr 37ms 0.6ms 3.1MB 30ms 0ms crystal 1.16.0
crystal 1.cr 39ms 0.7ms 3.3MB 30ms 0ms crystal 1.16.0

nsieve

Input: 12

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
crystal 2.cr 298ms 3.7ms 8.1MB 287ms 0ms crystal 1.16.0
crystal 1.cr 425ms 7.5ms 62.4MB 410ms 0ms crystal 1.16.0
acton 1.act timeout 0.0ms 561.0MB 6803ms 83ms actonc 0.24.1

Input: 10

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
crystal 2.cr 74ms 1.4ms 4.4MB 67ms 0ms crystal 1.16.0
crystal 1.cr 88ms 0.8ms 13.0MB 80ms 0ms crystal 1.16.0
acton 1.act 2396ms 10ms 192.3MB 2950ms 50ms actonc 0.24.1

pidigits

Input: 8000

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
crystal 1.cr 1901ms 45ms 6.2MB 1870ms 17ms crystal 1.16.0
acton 1-m.act 2870ms 74ms 6.7MB 2740ms 1887ms actonc 0.24.1

Input: 4000

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
crystal 1.cr 438ms 9.9ms 5.1MB 423ms 0ms crystal 1.16.0
acton 1-m.act 875ms 20ms 5.9MB 810ms 620ms actonc 0.24.1

spectral-norm

Input: 8000

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
crystal 1.cr 3762ms 7.2ms 4.5MB 3753ms 0ms crystal 1.16.0

Input: 4000

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
crystal 1.cr 950ms 9.5ms 4.3MB 940ms 0ms crystal 1.16.0

Input: 2000

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
crystal 1.cr 240ms 2.6ms 3.8MB 233ms 0ms crystal 1.16.0