Programming Language and compiler
Benchmarks

Kotlin VS Ruby benchmarks

Current benchmark data was generated on Wed Jan 22 2025, full log can be found HERE

CONTRIBUTIONS are WELCOME!

[x86_64][4 cores] AMD EPYC 7763 64-Core Processor (Model 1)

* -m in a file name stands for multi-threading or multi-processing

* -i in a file name stands for direct intrinsics usage. (Usage of simd intrinsics via libraries is not counted)

* -ffi in a file name stands for non-stdlib FFI usage

* (You may find time < time(user) + time(sys) for some non-parallelized programs, the overhead is from GC or JIT compiler, which are allowed to take advantage of multi-cores as that's more close to real-world scenarios.)

binarytrees

Input: 18

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
kotlin 1.kt 487ms 33ms 1217.6MB 527ms 123ms kotlin/jvm 21
kotlin 1-m.kt 3121ms 31ms 248.4MB 5273ms 667ms kotlin/native 1.8.21
ruby 1.rb 4697ms 14ms 109.5MB 4587ms 90ms ruby/yjit 3.4.1
ruby 1.rb timeout 0.0ms 70.1MB 4937ms 50ms ruby 3.4.1
ruby 1.rb timeout 0.0ms 782.5MB 6640ms 683ms truffleruby 24.1.2

Input: 15

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
kotlin 1.kt 99ms 1.2ms 158.3MB 103ms 30ms kotlin/jvm 21
kotlin 1-m.kt 266ms 1.2ms 28.5MB 413ms 67ms kotlin/native 1.8.21
ruby 1.rb 478ms 0.8ms 20.4MB 460ms 7ms ruby/yjit 3.4.1
ruby 1-m.rb 593ms 65ms 442.1MB 1223ms 143ms truffleruby 24.1.2
ruby 1.rb 945ms 11ms 19.6MB 920ms 13ms ruby 3.4.1

coro-prime-sieve

Input: 4000

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
ruby 1.rb 1399ms 20ms 63.9MB 1310ms 70ms ruby/yjit 3.4.1
kotlin 2-m.kt 1809ms 268ms 235.5MB 6717ms 107ms kotlin/jvm 21
ruby 1.rb 1850ms 15ms 63.3MB 1773ms 60ms ruby 3.4.1
kotlin 1.kt 2109ms 6.9ms 219.7MB 2923ms 63ms kotlin/jvm 21
kotlin 1.kt timeout 0.0ms 14.8MB 6100ms 460ms kotlin/native 1.8.21
kotlin 2-m.kt timeout 0.0ms 69.5MB 18963ms 130ms kotlin/native 1.8.21
ruby 1.rb timeout 0.0ms 720.1MB 4753ms 1447ms truffleruby 24.1.2

Input: 1000

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
ruby 1.rb 160ms 5.4ms 25.8MB 120ms 27ms ruby/yjit 3.4.1
ruby 1.rb 181ms 4.2ms 25.1MB 147ms 20ms ruby 3.4.1
kotlin 2-m.kt 386ms 11ms 54.6MB 1410ms 27ms kotlin/native 1.8.21
kotlin 1-m.kt 463ms 6.2ms 73.9MB 1070ms 43ms kotlin/jvm 21
kotlin 1.kt 675ms 7.0ms 10.7MB 803ms 70ms kotlin/native 1.8.21
kotlin 2-m.kt 742ms 27ms 99.3MB 2503ms 90ms kotlin/jvm 21
ruby 1.rb timeout 0.0ms 698.9MB 4753ms 1487ms truffleruby 24.1.2

helloworld

Input: QwQ

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
kotlin 1.kt 2.4ms 0.5ms 4.7MB 0ms 0ms kotlin/native 1.8.21
ruby 1.rb 39ms 0.6ms 162.9MB 12ms 28ms truffleruby 24.1.2
ruby 1.rb 52ms 1.6ms 13.3MB 34ms 6ms ruby/yjit 3.4.1
kotlin 1.kt 54ms 6.4ms 47.4MB 54ms 16ms kotlin/jvm 21
ruby 1.rb 54ms 1.5ms 12.9MB 40ms 2ms ruby 3.4.1

http-server

Input: 3000

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
kotlin 2-m.kt 807ms 1397ms 456.2MB 10660ms 1630ms kotlin/jvm 21
kotlin 1.kt timeout 0.0ms 393.0MB 16180ms 2813ms kotlin/jvm 21

Input: 500

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
kotlin 2-m.kt 2185ms 260ms 239.6MB 4107ms 410ms kotlin/jvm 21
kotlin 1-m.kt 2220ms 269ms 241.0MB 6507ms 647ms kotlin/jvm 21

json-serde

Input: sample 5000

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
ruby 1.rb 248ms 0.9ms 30.0MB 227ms 10ms ruby/yjit 3.4.1
ruby 1.rb 252ms 5.7ms 29.5MB 220ms 17ms ruby 3.4.1
kotlin 1-m.kt 832ms 44ms 198.9MB 2267ms 67ms kotlin/jvm 21
ruby 1-m.rb 4601ms 279ms 548.8MB 12067ms 347ms truffleruby 24.1.2

Input: canada 15

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
ruby 1.rb 2071ms 5.8ms 133.2MB 1977ms 77ms ruby 3.4.1
ruby 1.rb 2092ms 22ms 132.9MB 2007ms 70ms ruby/yjit 3.4.1
kotlin 1-m.kt 2318ms 66ms 1048.1MB 5023ms 170ms kotlin/jvm 21
ruby 1.rb timeout 0.0ms 493.0MB 13207ms 337ms truffleruby 24.1.2

lru

Input: 1000 1000000

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
kotlin 1-m.kt 177ms 0.9ms 94.9MB 293ms 37ms kotlin/jvm 21
kotlin 2-m.kt 197ms 4.0ms 102.2MB 413ms 37ms kotlin/jvm 21
kotlin 2.kt 305ms 3.4ms 7.8MB 437ms 7ms kotlin/native 1.8.21
ruby 1.rb 332ms 2.7ms 13.6MB 317ms 0ms ruby/yjit 3.4.1
kotlin 1.kt 521ms 19ms 7.8MB 623ms 3ms kotlin/native 1.8.21
ruby 1.rb 528ms 2.0ms 13.0MB 507ms 3ms ruby 3.4.1
ruby 1-m.rb 687ms 26ms 371.7MB 1250ms 123ms truffleruby 24.1.2

Input: 1000 3000000

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
kotlin 2-m.kt 317ms 11ms 213.0MB 513ms 47ms kotlin/jvm 21
kotlin 1.kt 325ms 3.6ms 202.9MB 443ms 30ms kotlin/jvm 21
ruby 1.rb 879ms 7.2ms 13.6MB 860ms 3ms ruby/yjit 3.4.1
kotlin 2.kt 907ms 26ms 7.8MB 1293ms 50ms kotlin/native 1.8.21
ruby 1-m.rb 1238ms 26ms 415.6MB 1737ms 157ms truffleruby 24.1.2
ruby 1.rb 1475ms 7.8ms 13.0MB 1457ms 3ms ruby 3.4.1
kotlin 1.kt 1564ms 31ms 7.9MB 1900ms 33ms kotlin/native 1.8.21

Input: 100 500000

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
kotlin 1-m.kt 141ms 6.8ms 90.5MB 270ms 27ms kotlin/jvm 21
kotlin 2.kt 141ms 4.0ms 5.7MB 193ms 0ms kotlin/native 1.8.21
kotlin 2-m.kt 152ms 8.3ms 93.7MB 300ms 33ms kotlin/jvm 21
kotlin 1.kt 178ms 5.5ms 5.9MB 230ms 0ms kotlin/native 1.8.21
ruby 1.rb 193ms 0.3ms 13.6MB 177ms 3ms ruby/yjit 3.4.1
ruby 1.rb 294ms 3.6ms 12.9MB 273ms 7ms ruby 3.4.1
ruby 1-m.rb 519ms 28ms 368.2MB 1017ms 127ms truffleruby 24.1.2

merkletrees

Input: 17

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
kotlin 1.kt 344ms 1.7ms 679.6MB 383ms 67ms kotlin/jvm 21
kotlin 1-m.kt 1514ms 66ms 136.5MB 2323ms 343ms kotlin/native 1.8.21
ruby 1-m.rb 4708ms 225ms 552.6MB 12003ms 397ms truffleruby 24.1.2
ruby 1.rb timeout 0.0ms 93.6MB 4947ms 40ms ruby 3.4.1
ruby 1.rb timeout 0.0ms 97.4MB 4930ms 53ms ruby/yjit 3.4.1

Input: 15

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
kotlin 1.kt 127ms 2.3ms 208.6MB 157ms 30ms kotlin/jvm 21
kotlin 1-m.kt 302ms 3.5ms 40.6MB 430ms 70ms kotlin/native 1.8.21
ruby 1-m.rb 2277ms 144ms 640.9MB 5863ms 277ms truffleruby 24.1.2
ruby 1.rb 3244ms 3.3ms 38.4MB 3200ms 23ms ruby/yjit 3.4.1
ruby 1.rb 4268ms 4.5ms 37.6MB 4237ms 17ms ruby 3.4.1

nbody

Input: 5000000

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
kotlin 1n.kt 405ms 5.4ms 4.7MB 393ms 0ms kotlin/native 1.8.21
kotlin 1.kt 443ms 4.4ms 49.6MB 483ms 17ms kotlin/jvm 21
ruby 2.rb 837ms 3.1ms 329.6MB 1080ms 117ms truffleruby 24.1.2
ruby 2.rb timeout 0.0ms 12.9MB 4983ms 3ms ruby 3.4.1
ruby 2.rb timeout 0.0ms 13.6MB 4980ms 3ms ruby/yjit 3.4.1

Input: 500000

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
kotlin 1n.kt 46ms 1.6ms 4.6MB 33ms 0ms kotlin/native 1.8.21
kotlin 1.kt 120ms 1.7ms 49.7MB 160ms 20ms kotlin/jvm 21
ruby 2-m.rb 321ms 1.6ms 325.2MB 553ms 120ms truffleruby 24.1.2
ruby 2.rb 1057ms 1.2ms 13.6MB 1037ms 7ms ruby/yjit 3.4.1
ruby 2.rb 2773ms 54ms 12.9MB 2760ms 0ms ruby 3.4.1

pidigits

Input: 8000

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
kotlin 1.kt 3713ms 77ms 353.7MB 4497ms 83ms kotlin/jvm 21
kotlin 1n.kt timeout 0.0ms 7.4MB 6367ms 257ms kotlin/native 1.8.21
kotlin 2n.kt timeout 0.0ms 8.3MB 4983ms 173ms kotlin/native 1.8.21
ruby 1.rb timeout 0.0ms 46.4MB 4927ms 60ms ruby 3.4.1
ruby 1.rb timeout 0.0ms 127.6MB 4890ms 93ms ruby/yjit 3.4.1
ruby 1.rb timeout 0.0ms 468.1MB 13257ms 403ms truffleruby 24.1.2

Input: 4000

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
kotlin 1-m.kt 1005ms 20ms 353.8MB 1740ms 70ms kotlin/jvm 21
ruby 1.rb 1642ms 9.1ms 46.0MB 1593ms 33ms ruby 3.4.1
ruby 1.rb 1760ms 12ms 127.6MB 1617ms 130ms ruby/yjit 3.4.1
ruby 1-m.rb 1824ms 19ms 420.6MB 4793ms 207ms truffleruby 24.1.2
kotlin 1n.kt timeout 0.0ms 7.3MB 6397ms 293ms kotlin/native 1.8.21
kotlin 2n.kt timeout 0.0ms 10.3MB 5003ms 153ms kotlin/native 1.8.21

regex-redux

Input: 2500000_in

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
kotlin 1.kt timeout 0.0ms 171.6MB 5427ms 37ms kotlin/jvm 21
kotlin 1n.kt timeout 0.0ms 279.1MB 5003ms 860ms kotlin/native 1.8.21

Input: 250000_in

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
kotlin 1-m.kt 836ms 29ms 134.6MB 1223ms 50ms kotlin/jvm 21
kotlin 1n.kt 3337ms 226ms 65.0MB 4233ms 10ms kotlin/native 1.8.21

secp256k1

Input: 2000

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
kotlin 1.kt 3090ms 36ms 231.3MB 3953ms 63ms kotlin/jvm 21

Input: 500

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
kotlin 1-m.kt 950ms 29ms 231.2MB 1920ms 57ms kotlin/jvm 21