Programming Language and compiler
Benchmarks

Kotlin VS Go benchmarks

Current benchmark data was generated on Wed Jan 22 2025, full log can be found HERE

CONTRIBUTIONS are WELCOME!

[x86_64][4 cores] AMD EPYC 7763 64-Core Processor (Model 1)

* -m in a file name stands for multi-threading or multi-processing

* -i in a file name stands for direct intrinsics usage. (Usage of simd intrinsics via libraries is not counted)

* -ffi in a file name stands for non-stdlib FFI usage

* (You may find time < time(user) + time(sys) for some non-parallelized programs, the overhead is from GC or JIT compiler, which are allowed to take advantage of multi-cores as that's more close to real-world scenarios.)

binarytrees

Input: 18

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
kotlin 1.kt 487ms 33ms 1217.6MB 527ms 123ms kotlin/jvm 21
go 1-m.go 2667ms 12ms 46.1MB 5630ms 43ms go 1.23.5
kotlin 1-m.kt 3121ms 31ms 248.4MB 5273ms 667ms kotlin/native 1.8.21
go 1.go 3307ms 115ms 51.6MB 3293ms 0ms tinygo 0.35.0

Input: 15

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
kotlin 1.kt 99ms 1.2ms 158.3MB 103ms 30ms kotlin/jvm 21
go 1.go 232ms 1.0ms 7.0MB 220ms 0ms tinygo 0.35.0
go 1-m.go 238ms 1.1ms 9.8MB 397ms 7ms go 1.23.5
kotlin 1-m.kt 266ms 1.2ms 28.5MB 413ms 67ms kotlin/native 1.8.21

coro-prime-sieve

Input: 4000

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
go 1-m.go 530ms 41ms 15.6MB 2057ms 0ms go 1.23.5
go 1.go 1280ms 9.7ms 256.8MB 1250ms 13ms tinygo 0.35.0
kotlin 2-m.kt 1809ms 268ms 235.5MB 6717ms 107ms kotlin/jvm 21
kotlin 1.kt 2109ms 6.9ms 219.7MB 2923ms 63ms kotlin/jvm 21
kotlin 1.kt timeout 0.0ms 14.8MB 6100ms 460ms kotlin/native 1.8.21
kotlin 2-m.kt timeout 0.0ms 69.5MB 18963ms 130ms kotlin/native 1.8.21

Input: 1000

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
go 1-m.go 36ms 2.5ms 7.5MB 117ms 0ms go 1.23.5
go 1.go 219ms 1.4ms 65.2MB 200ms 0ms tinygo 0.35.0
kotlin 2-m.kt 386ms 11ms 54.6MB 1410ms 27ms kotlin/native 1.8.21
kotlin 1-m.kt 463ms 6.2ms 73.9MB 1070ms 43ms kotlin/jvm 21
kotlin 1.kt 675ms 7.0ms 10.7MB 803ms 70ms kotlin/native 1.8.21
kotlin 2-m.kt 742ms 27ms 99.3MB 2503ms 90ms kotlin/jvm 21

helloworld

Input: QwQ

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
go 1.go 0.6ms 0.0ms 0.1MB 0ms 0ms tinygo 0.35.0
go 1.go 1.5ms 0.0ms 3.4MB 0ms 0ms go 1.23.5
kotlin 1.kt 2.4ms 0.5ms 4.7MB 0ms 0ms kotlin/native 1.8.21
kotlin 1.kt 54ms 6.4ms 47.4MB 54ms 16ms kotlin/jvm 21

http-server

Input: 3000

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
go 1-http2.go 111ms 2.5ms 65.7MB 310ms 73ms go 1.23.5
go 2-m.go 466ms 13ms 174.6MB 687ms 623ms go 1.23.5
go 1-m.go 468ms 64ms 172.4MB 660ms 667ms go 1.23.5
kotlin 2-m.kt 807ms 1397ms 456.2MB 10660ms 1630ms kotlin/jvm 21
kotlin 1.kt timeout 0.0ms 393.0MB 16180ms 2813ms kotlin/jvm 21

Input: 500

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
go 1-http2.go 16ms 13ms 25.1MB 60ms 20ms go 1.23.5
go 2-m.go 97ms 9.8ms 38.4MB 83ms 117ms go 1.23.5
go 1-m.go 107ms 11ms 40.6MB 97ms 137ms go 1.23.5
kotlin 2-m.kt 2185ms 260ms 239.6MB 4107ms 410ms kotlin/jvm 21
kotlin 1-m.kt 2220ms 269ms 241.0MB 6507ms 647ms kotlin/jvm 21

json-serde

Input: sample 5000

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
go 2-ffi.go 43ms 0.5ms 40.7MB 30ms 7ms go 1.23.5
go 1.go 142ms 1.6ms 18.5MB 133ms 3ms go 1.23.5
kotlin 1-m.kt 832ms 44ms 198.9MB 2267ms 67ms kotlin/jvm 21

Input: canada 15

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
go 2-ffi.go 247ms 11ms 151.0MB 240ms 37ms go 1.23.5
go 1.go 769ms 6.1ms 104.9MB 753ms 13ms go 1.23.5
kotlin 1-m.kt 2318ms 66ms 1048.1MB 5023ms 170ms kotlin/jvm 21

lru

Input: 1000 1000000

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
go 3.go 128ms 2.5ms 0.3MB 120ms 0ms tinygo 0.35.0
go 3.go 132ms 1.5ms 3.4MB 123ms 0ms go 1.23.5
kotlin 1-m.kt 177ms 0.9ms 94.9MB 293ms 37ms kotlin/jvm 21
kotlin 2-m.kt 197ms 4.0ms 102.2MB 413ms 37ms kotlin/jvm 21
kotlin 2.kt 305ms 3.4ms 7.8MB 437ms 7ms kotlin/native 1.8.21
kotlin 1.kt 521ms 19ms 7.8MB 623ms 3ms kotlin/native 1.8.21

Input: 1000 3000000

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
kotlin 2-m.kt 317ms 11ms 213.0MB 513ms 47ms kotlin/jvm 21
kotlin 1.kt 325ms 3.6ms 202.9MB 443ms 30ms kotlin/jvm 21
go 3.go 384ms 0.4ms 3.4MB 380ms 0ms go 1.23.5
go 3.go 389ms 14ms 0.3MB 377ms 0ms tinygo 0.35.0
kotlin 2.kt 907ms 26ms 7.8MB 1293ms 50ms kotlin/native 1.8.21
kotlin 1.kt 1564ms 31ms 7.9MB 1900ms 33ms kotlin/native 1.8.21

Input: 100 500000

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
go 3.go 63ms 0.5ms 0.1MB 50ms 0ms tinygo 0.35.0
go 3.go 68ms 0.9ms 5.4MB 60ms 0ms go 1.23.5
kotlin 1-m.kt 141ms 6.8ms 90.5MB 270ms 27ms kotlin/jvm 21
kotlin 2.kt 141ms 4.0ms 5.7MB 193ms 0ms kotlin/native 1.8.21
kotlin 2-m.kt 152ms 8.3ms 93.7MB 300ms 33ms kotlin/jvm 21
kotlin 1.kt 178ms 5.5ms 5.9MB 230ms 0ms kotlin/native 1.8.21

merkletrees

Input: 17

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
kotlin 1.kt 344ms 1.7ms 679.6MB 383ms 67ms kotlin/jvm 21
kotlin 1-m.kt 1514ms 66ms 136.5MB 2323ms 343ms kotlin/native 1.8.21
go 1-m.go 1620ms 14ms 38.8MB 3270ms 40ms go 1.23.5
go 2-m.go 1834ms 9.4ms 42.9MB 3840ms 37ms go 1.23.5
go 1.go 2011ms 29ms 52.2MB 2000ms 0ms tinygo 0.35.0
go 2.go 3279ms 28ms 90.6MB 3257ms 7ms tinygo 0.35.0

Input: 15

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
kotlin 1.kt 127ms 2.3ms 208.6MB 157ms 30ms kotlin/jvm 21
kotlin 1-m.kt 302ms 3.5ms 40.6MB 430ms 70ms kotlin/native 1.8.21
go 1-m.go 362ms 1.2ms 12.1MB 700ms 20ms go 1.23.5
go 1.go 400ms 4.7ms 13.4MB 390ms 0ms tinygo 0.35.0
go 2-m.go 404ms 1.6ms 14.1MB 820ms 17ms go 1.23.5
go 2.go 600ms 8.5ms 29.8MB 590ms 0ms tinygo 0.35.0

nbody

Input: 5000000

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
go 1.go 348ms 1.7ms 0.1MB 337ms 0ms tinygo 0.35.0
go 1.go 371ms 12ms 3.4MB 360ms 0ms go 1.23.5
kotlin 1n.kt 405ms 5.4ms 4.7MB 393ms 0ms kotlin/native 1.8.21
kotlin 1.kt 443ms 4.4ms 49.6MB 483ms 17ms kotlin/jvm 21

Input: 500000

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
go 1.go 37ms 1.4ms 0.1MB 30ms 0ms tinygo 0.35.0
go 1.go 40ms 1.2ms 3.4MB 30ms 0ms go 1.23.5
kotlin 1n.kt 46ms 1.6ms 4.6MB 33ms 0ms kotlin/native 1.8.21
kotlin 1.kt 120ms 1.7ms 49.7MB 160ms 20ms kotlin/jvm 21

pidigits

Input: 8000

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
go 8.go 1122ms 10ms 8.5MB 1107ms 3ms go 1.23.5
kotlin 1.kt 3713ms 77ms 353.7MB 4497ms 83ms kotlin/jvm 21
kotlin 1n.kt timeout 0.0ms 7.4MB 6367ms 257ms kotlin/native 1.8.21
kotlin 2n.kt timeout 0.0ms 8.3MB 4983ms 173ms kotlin/native 1.8.21

Input: 4000

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
go 8.go 269ms 3.8ms 8.5MB 253ms 0ms go 1.23.5
kotlin 1-m.kt 1005ms 20ms 353.8MB 1740ms 70ms kotlin/jvm 21
kotlin 1n.kt timeout 0.0ms 7.3MB 6397ms 293ms kotlin/native 1.8.21
kotlin 2n.kt timeout 0.0ms 10.3MB 5003ms 153ms kotlin/native 1.8.21

regex-redux

Input: 2500000_in

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
go 3.go timeout 0.0ms 122.3MB 4980ms 43ms go 1.23.5
go 3.go timeout 0.0ms 105.0MB 4980ms 7ms tinygo 0.35.0
kotlin 1.kt timeout 0.0ms 171.6MB 5427ms 37ms kotlin/jvm 21
kotlin 1n.kt timeout 0.0ms 279.1MB 5003ms 860ms kotlin/native 1.8.21

Input: 250000_in

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
kotlin 1-m.kt 836ms 29ms 134.6MB 1223ms 50ms kotlin/jvm 21
go 3.go 1781ms 4.0ms 20.0MB 1760ms 23ms go 1.23.5
go 3.go 2461ms 14ms 30.0MB 2447ms 0ms tinygo 0.35.0
kotlin 1n.kt 3337ms 226ms 65.0MB 4233ms 10ms kotlin/native 1.8.21

secp256k1

Input: 2000

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
go 0-ffi.go 140ms 0.4ms 12.6MB 133ms 0ms go 1.23.5
kotlin 1.kt 3090ms 36ms 231.3MB 3953ms 63ms kotlin/jvm 21

Input: 500

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
go 0-ffi.go 46ms 0.6ms 12.0MB 33ms 0ms go 1.23.5
kotlin 1-m.kt 950ms 29ms 231.2MB 1920ms 57ms kotlin/jvm 21