Programming Language and compiler
Benchmarks

Kotlin VS Go benchmarks

Current benchmark data was generated on Sat Mar 29 2025, full log can be found HERE

CONTRIBUTIONS are WELCOME!

[x86_64][4 cores] AMD EPYC 7763 64-Core Processor (Model 1)

* -m in a file name stands for multi-threading or multi-processing

* -i in a file name stands for direct intrinsics usage. (Usage of simd intrinsics via libraries is not counted)

* -ffi in a file name stands for non-stdlib FFI usage

* (You may find time < time(user) + time(sys) for some non-parallelized programs, the overhead is from GC or JIT compiler, which are allowed to take advantage of multi-cores as that's more close to real-world scenarios.)

binarytrees

Input: 18

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
kotlin 1.kt 492ms 35ms 1223.9MB 553ms 103ms kotlin/jvm 21
go 1.go 1256ms 11ms 55.0MB 1230ms 10ms tinygo 0.37.0
go 1-m.go 2402ms 27ms 39.8MB 5327ms 37ms go 1.24.1
kotlin 1-m.kt 3082ms 15ms 246.4MB 5163ms 690ms kotlin/native 1.8.21

Input: 15

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
kotlin 1.kt 104ms 0.8ms 160.3MB 113ms 27ms kotlin/jvm 21
go 1.go 114ms 0.9ms 5.6MB 103ms 0ms tinygo 0.37.0
go 1-m.go 211ms 0.7ms 8.0MB 377ms 10ms go 1.24.1
kotlin 1-m.kt 276ms 9.6ms 30.3MB 443ms 57ms kotlin/native 1.8.21

coro-prime-sieve

Input: 4000

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
go 1-m.go 580ms 121ms 15.6MB 2267ms 0ms go 1.24.1
go 1.go 765ms 10ms 268.6MB 710ms 40ms tinygo 0.37.0
kotlin 2-m.kt 1734ms 92ms 234.6MB 6420ms 97ms kotlin/jvm 21
kotlin 1.kt 2168ms 9.4ms 222.7MB 3003ms 67ms kotlin/jvm 21
kotlin 1.kt timeout 0.0ms 12.9MB 6077ms 487ms kotlin/native 1.8.21
kotlin 2-m.kt timeout 0.0ms 117.1MB 18960ms 167ms kotlin/native 1.8.21

Input: 1000

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
go 1-m.go 48ms 11ms 7.5MB 157ms 0ms go 1.24.1
go 1.go 72ms 2.9ms 68.6MB 50ms 10ms tinygo 0.37.0
kotlin 2-m.kt 426ms 4.7ms 25.0MB 1567ms 20ms kotlin/native 1.8.21
kotlin 1-m.kt 474ms 4.8ms 76.6MB 1057ms 50ms kotlin/jvm 21
kotlin 1.kt 689ms 16ms 8.8MB 813ms 67ms kotlin/native 1.8.21
kotlin 2-m.kt 780ms 21ms 100.6MB 2703ms 63ms kotlin/jvm 21

helloworld

Input: QwQ

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
go 1.go 0.9ms 0.0ms 0.4MB 0ms 0ms tinygo 0.37.0
go 1.go 1.5ms 0.1ms 3.4MB 0ms 0ms go 1.24.1
kotlin 1.kt 1.9ms 0.2ms 2.6MB 0ms 0ms kotlin/native 1.8.21
kotlin 1.kt 52ms 0.7ms 47.2MB 62ms 14ms kotlin/jvm 21

http-server

Input: 3000

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
go 1-http2.go 123ms 2.3ms 54.1MB 327ms 87ms go 1.24.1
go 1-m.go 422ms 7.0ms 166.6MB 747ms 670ms go 1.24.1
go 2-m.go 430ms 6.7ms 176.9MB 673ms 740ms go 1.24.1
kotlin 2-m.kt 4775ms 56ms 442.2MB 14967ms 2663ms kotlin/jvm 21
kotlin 1.kt timeout 0.0ms 391.3MB 16150ms 2790ms kotlin/jvm 21

Input: 500

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
go 1-http2.go 24ms 13ms 25.5MB 65ms 15ms go 1.24.1
go 2-m.go 72ms 9.5ms 36.3MB 90ms 110ms go 1.24.1
go 1-m.go 81ms 10ms 38.7MB 103ms 120ms go 1.24.1
kotlin 1-m.kt 2114ms 204ms 206.1MB 5923ms 717ms kotlin/jvm 21
kotlin 2-m.kt 2322ms 100ms 242.4MB 5993ms 683ms kotlin/jvm 21

json-serde

Input: sample 5000

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
go 2-ffi.go 46ms 1.2ms 41.1MB 37ms 7ms go 1.24.1
go 1.go 143ms 0.8ms 18.7MB 137ms 0ms go 1.24.1
kotlin 1-m.kt 835ms 90ms 208.3MB 2240ms 100ms kotlin/jvm 21

Input: canada 15

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
go 2-ffi.go 252ms 7.1ms 151.4MB 243ms 40ms go 1.24.1
go 1.go 744ms 2.4ms 104.9MB 737ms 7ms go 1.24.1
kotlin 1-m.kt 2326ms 37ms 834.4MB 5107ms 183ms kotlin/jvm 21

lru

Input: 1000 1000000

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
go 3.go 120ms 1.0ms 3.5MB 110ms 0ms go 1.24.1
go 3.go 135ms 1.8ms 0.5MB 127ms 0ms tinygo 0.37.0
kotlin 1-m.kt 183ms 4.3ms 96.4MB 297ms 23ms kotlin/jvm 21
kotlin 2-m.kt 198ms 3.5ms 105.0MB 417ms 30ms kotlin/jvm 21
kotlin 2.kt 306ms 5.2ms 5.8MB 433ms 13ms kotlin/native 1.8.21
kotlin 1.kt 513ms 4.5ms 5.9MB 613ms 7ms kotlin/native 1.8.21

Input: 1000 3000000

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
kotlin 2-m.kt 312ms 12ms 214.5MB 533ms 50ms kotlin/jvm 21
kotlin 1.kt 329ms 7.5ms 204.7MB 423ms 53ms kotlin/jvm 21
go 3.go 386ms 3.0ms 0.5MB 377ms 0ms tinygo 0.37.0
go 3.go 389ms 10ms 3.5MB 380ms 0ms go 1.24.1
kotlin 2.kt 909ms 6.8ms 5.9MB 1307ms 47ms kotlin/native 1.8.21
kotlin 1.kt 1558ms 23ms 5.9MB 1883ms 23ms kotlin/native 1.8.21

Input: 100 500000

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
go 3.go 50ms 2.0ms 3.5MB 40ms 0ms go 1.24.1
go 3.go 66ms 3.8ms 0.4MB 60ms 0ms tinygo 0.37.0
kotlin 2.kt 140ms 1.7ms 3.6MB 193ms 0ms kotlin/native 1.8.21
kotlin 1-m.kt 140ms 7.2ms 92.4MB 263ms 30ms kotlin/jvm 21
kotlin 2-m.kt 162ms 16ms 95.6MB 337ms 30ms kotlin/jvm 21
kotlin 1.kt 170ms 1.5ms 3.8MB 213ms 0ms kotlin/native 1.8.21

merkletrees

Input: 17

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
kotlin 1.kt 360ms 8.1ms 681.4MB 397ms 80ms kotlin/jvm 21
go 1.go 824ms 47ms 63.1MB 803ms 7ms tinygo 0.37.0
go 2.go 1128ms 4.9ms 54.9MB 1107ms 10ms tinygo 0.37.0
go 1-m.go 1480ms 7.2ms 38.8MB 3130ms 43ms go 1.24.1
kotlin 1-m.kt 1499ms 4.3ms 134.5MB 2283ms 337ms kotlin/native 1.8.21
go 2-m.go 1701ms 23ms 43.0MB 3723ms 43ms go 1.24.1

Input: 15

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
kotlin 1.kt 130ms 2.8ms 208.5MB 157ms 33ms kotlin/jvm 21
go 1.go 178ms 1.1ms 9.8MB 167ms 0ms tinygo 0.37.0
go 2.go 206ms 4.8ms 17.2MB 190ms 0ms tinygo 0.37.0
kotlin 1-m.kt 312ms 4.3ms 38.5MB 460ms 70ms kotlin/native 1.8.21
go 1-m.go 334ms 3.1ms 13.9MB 680ms 20ms go 1.24.1
go 2-m.go 375ms 1.8ms 14.0MB 800ms 17ms go 1.24.1

nbody

Input: 5000000

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
go 1.go 348ms 0.1ms 3.5MB 340ms 0ms go 1.24.1
go 1.go 350ms 4.0ms 0.4MB 343ms 0ms tinygo 0.37.0
kotlin 1n.kt 413ms 3.0ms 2.6MB 403ms 0ms kotlin/native 1.8.21
kotlin 1.kt 447ms 1.8ms 49.3MB 490ms 20ms kotlin/jvm 21

Input: 500000

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
go 1.go 37ms 0.7ms 0.4MB 30ms 0ms tinygo 0.37.0
go 1.go 39ms 1.2ms 3.5MB 30ms 0ms go 1.24.1
kotlin 1n.kt 45ms 1.9ms 2.6MB 40ms 0ms kotlin/native 1.8.21
kotlin 1-m.kt 120ms 0.4ms 49.6MB 163ms 20ms kotlin/jvm 21

pidigits

Input: 8000

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
go 8.go 1197ms 8.0ms 8.5MB 1183ms 7ms go 1.24.1
kotlin 1.kt 3753ms 45ms 355.1MB 4627ms 110ms kotlin/jvm 21
kotlin 1n.kt timeout 0.0ms 5.5MB 6320ms 267ms kotlin/native 1.8.21
kotlin 2n.kt timeout 0.0ms 6.3MB 5000ms 167ms kotlin/native 1.8.21

Input: 4000

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
go 8.go 282ms 4.3ms 8.6MB 273ms 0ms go 1.24.1
kotlin 1-m.kt 983ms 29ms 355.6MB 1763ms 100ms kotlin/jvm 21
kotlin 1n.kt timeout 0.0ms 5.5MB 6270ms 273ms kotlin/native 1.8.21
kotlin 2n.kt timeout 0.0ms 6.3MB 5010ms 150ms kotlin/native 1.8.21

regex-redux

Input: 2500000_in

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
go 3.go timeout 0.0ms 122.4MB 4980ms 47ms go 1.24.1
go 3.go timeout 0.0ms 122.8MB 4973ms 10ms tinygo 0.37.0
kotlin 1.kt timeout 0.0ms 171.2MB 5393ms 43ms kotlin/jvm 21
kotlin 1n.kt timeout 0.0ms 277.0MB 5430ms 493ms kotlin/native 1.8.21

Input: 250000_in

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
kotlin 1-m.kt 807ms 4.6ms 134.0MB 1223ms 40ms kotlin/jvm 21
go 3.go 1764ms 3.2ms 19.8MB 1753ms 20ms go 1.24.1
go 3.go 2281ms 13ms 26.6MB 2263ms 0ms tinygo 0.37.0
kotlin 1n.kt 3182ms 11ms 63.1MB 3923ms 17ms kotlin/native 1.8.21

secp256k1

Input: 2000

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
go 0-ffi.go 92ms 0.4ms 5.2MB 83ms 0ms go 1.24.1
kotlin 1.kt 3130ms 52ms 233.8MB 4123ms 70ms kotlin/jvm 21

Input: 500

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
go 0-ffi.go 27ms 1.3ms 5.2MB 20ms 0ms go 1.24.1
kotlin 1-m.kt 984ms 32ms 232.4MB 1807ms 57ms kotlin/jvm 21