Programming Language and compiler
Benchmarks

D VS Kotlin benchmarks

Current benchmark data was generated on Fri Sep 30 2022, full log can be found HERE

CONTRIBUTIONS are WELCOME!

[x86_64][2 cores] Intel(R) Xeon(R) Platinum 8272CL CPU @ 2.60GHz (Model 85)

* -m in a file name stands for multi-threading or multi-processing

* -i in a file name stands for direct intrinsics usage. (Usage of simd intrinsics via libraries is not counted)

* -ffi in a file name stands for non-stdlib FFI usage

* (You may find time < time(user) + time(sys) for some non-parallelized programs, the overhead is from GC or JIT compiler, which are allowed to take advantage of multi-cores as that's more close to real-world scenarios.)

binarytrees

Input: 18

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
kotlin 1.kt 716ms 12ms 412.1MB 710ms 117ms kotlin/jvm 17.0.2
d 1.d 3555ms 56ms 75.2MB 3803ms 27ms ldc2 1.30.0
d 1.d timeout 0.0ms 0.0MB 0ms 0ms dmd 2.100.2
kotlin 1.kt timeout 0.0ms 0.0MB 0ms 0ms kotlin/native 1.7.20

Input: 15

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
kotlin 1.kt 146ms 16ms 109.7MB 123ms 27ms kotlin/jvm 17.0.2
d 1.d 293ms 2.0ms 15.2MB 273ms 7ms ldc2 1.30.0
d 1.d 440ms 6.7ms 16.2MB 430ms 3ms dmd 2.100.2
kotlin 1-m.kt 489ms 15ms 30.4MB 783ms 3ms kotlin/native 1.7.20

coro-prime-sieve

Input: 4000

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
kotlin 2-m.kt 2801ms 185ms 163.4MB 5257ms 103ms kotlin/jvm 17.0.2
kotlin 1.kt 3103ms 41ms 154.5MB 3897ms 87ms kotlin/jvm 17.0.2
d 1.d timeout 0.0ms 0.0MB 0ms 0ms dmd 2.100.2
d 1.d timeout 0.0ms 0.0MB 0ms 0ms ldc2 1.30.0
kotlin 1.kt timeout 0.0ms 0.0MB 0ms 0ms kotlin/native 1.7.20
kotlin 2-m.kt timeout 0.0ms 0.0MB 0ms 0ms kotlin/native 1.7.20

Input: 1000

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
kotlin 1-m.kt 730ms 3.1ms 95.7MB 1267ms 50ms kotlin/jvm 17.0.2
kotlin 2-m.kt 901ms 23ms 32.6MB 1610ms 30ms kotlin/native 1.7.20
kotlin 2-m.kt 1033ms 88ms 105.9MB 1860ms 57ms kotlin/jvm 17.0.2
kotlin 1.kt 1124ms 11ms 8.8MB 1280ms 7ms kotlin/native 1.7.20
d 1.d 1260ms 12ms 8.5MB 1243ms 3ms ldc2 1.30.0
d 1.d 1678ms 10ms 9.4MB 1657ms 3ms dmd 2.100.2

edigits

Input: 250001

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
d 1.d timeout 0.0ms 0.0MB 0ms 0ms dmd 2.100.2
d 1.d timeout 0.0ms 0.0MB 0ms 0ms ldc2 1.30.0

Input: 100000

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
d 1.d 925ms 0.5ms 6.6MB 910ms 0ms ldc2 1.30.0
d 1.d 1091ms 3.2ms 8.6MB 1080ms 0ms dmd 2.100.2

fasta

Input: 2500000

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
d 1.d 203ms 2.2ms 31.4MB 177ms 10ms ldc2 1.30.0
d 1.d 648ms 1.7ms 47.9MB 623ms 13ms dmd 2.100.2

Input: 250000

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
d 1.d 25ms 0.8ms 7.2MB 10ms 0ms ldc2 1.30.0
d 1.d 68ms 0.9ms 10.4MB 57ms 0ms dmd 2.100.2

helloworld

Input: QwQ

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
d 1.d 2.2ms 0.5ms 2.9MB 0ms 0ms ldc2 1.30.0
d 1.d 2.5ms 0.7ms 4.1MB 0ms 0ms dmd 2.100.2
kotlin 1.kt 3.1ms 1.1ms 1.1MB 0ms 0ms kotlin/native 1.7.20
kotlin 1.kt 70ms 3.2ms 41.0MB 48ms 16ms kotlin/jvm 17.0.2

lru

Input: 1000 1000000

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
d 1.d 174ms 0.2ms 4.0MB 160ms 0ms ldc2 1.30.0
kotlin 2-m.kt 245ms 1.4ms 112.5MB 343ms 30ms kotlin/jvm 17.0.2
d 1.d 253ms 1.4ms 6.8MB 240ms 0ms dmd 2.100.2
kotlin 1.kt 255ms 2.6ms 109.3MB 300ms 40ms kotlin/jvm 17.0.2
kotlin 2.kt 446ms 4.7ms 42.5MB 650ms 17ms kotlin/native 1.7.20
kotlin 1.kt timeout 0.0ms 0.0MB 0ms 0ms kotlin/native 1.7.20

Input: 1000 3000000

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
kotlin 2.kt 419ms 2.7ms 125.4MB 507ms 37ms kotlin/jvm 17.0.2
kotlin 1.kt 486ms 1.1ms 138.2MB 540ms 23ms kotlin/jvm 17.0.2
d 1.d 511ms 1.6ms 4.0MB 500ms 0ms ldc2 1.30.0
d 1.d 743ms 1.6ms 4.8MB 737ms 0ms dmd 2.100.2
kotlin 2.kt 1400ms 17ms 109.1MB 2043ms 43ms kotlin/native 1.7.20
kotlin 1.kt timeout 0.0ms 0.0MB 0ms 0ms kotlin/native 1.7.20

Input: 100 500000

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
d 1.d 76ms 0.5ms 3.7MB 70ms 0ms ldc2 1.30.0
d 1.d 112ms 0.6ms 5.1MB 100ms 0ms dmd 2.100.2
kotlin 1.kt 184ms 1.7ms 74.2MB 250ms 17ms kotlin/jvm 17.0.2
kotlin 2-m.kt 196ms 7.5ms 78.7MB 277ms 27ms kotlin/jvm 17.0.2
kotlin 2-m.kt 227ms 2.9ms 28.5MB 350ms 3ms kotlin/native 1.7.20
kotlin 1.kt timeout 0.0ms 0.0MB 0ms 0ms kotlin/native 1.7.20

mandelbrot

Input: 5000

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
d 1.d 505ms 0.2ms 6.6MB 490ms 0ms ldc2 1.30.0
d 1.d 2693ms 2.3ms 7.8MB 2680ms 0ms dmd 2.100.2

Input: 1000

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
d 1.d 24ms 0.3ms 3.0MB 10ms 0ms ldc2 1.30.0
d 1.d 115ms 0.9ms 3.5MB 107ms 0ms dmd 2.100.2

merkletrees

Input: 17

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
kotlin 1.kt 529ms 3.3ms 286.5MB 503ms 103ms kotlin/jvm 17.0.2
d 1.d 1730ms 5.5ms 74.9MB 1797ms 17ms ldc2 1.30.0
d 1.d 2939ms 8.4ms 153.3MB 3277ms 37ms dmd 2.100.2
kotlin 1.kt 3050ms 5.6ms 138.6MB 4407ms 40ms kotlin/native 1.7.20

Input: 15

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
kotlin 1.kt 203ms 2.0ms 221.7MB 170ms 57ms kotlin/jvm 17.0.2
d 1.d 331ms 2.0ms 39.2MB 313ms 7ms ldc2 1.30.0
kotlin 1.kt 579ms 11ms 38.6MB 833ms 3ms kotlin/native 1.7.20
d 1.d 595ms 3.4ms 39.9MB 637ms 10ms dmd 2.100.2

nbody

Input: 5000000

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
d 1.d 465ms 0.4ms 1.2MB 457ms 0ms ldc2 1.30.0
d 2.d 482ms 7.5ms 1.2MB 473ms 0ms ldc2 1.30.0
kotlin 1.kt 646ms 2.2ms 42.8MB 653ms 13ms kotlin/jvm 17.0.2
kotlin 1n.kt 686ms 8.1ms 1.2MB 670ms 0ms kotlin/native 1.7.20
d 1.d 1239ms 5.5ms 2.0MB 1227ms 0ms dmd 2.100.2
d 2.d 2903ms 1.3ms 2.0MB 2890ms 0ms dmd 2.100.2

Input: 500000

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
d 2.d 50ms 0.1ms 1.2MB 40ms 0ms ldc2 1.30.0
d 1.d 51ms 2.6ms 1.2MB 40ms 0ms ldc2 1.30.0
kotlin 1n.kt 71ms 2.0ms 1.2MB 60ms 0ms kotlin/native 1.7.20
d 1.d 127ms 0.1ms 2.0MB 120ms 0ms dmd 2.100.2
kotlin 1.kt 150ms 0.4ms 42.8MB 153ms 23ms kotlin/jvm 17.0.2
d 2.d 294ms 1.1ms 1.9MB 280ms 0ms dmd 2.100.2

nsieve

Input: 12

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
d 2.d 834ms 1.4ms 48.0MB 800ms 20ms ldc2 1.30.0
d 1.d 1063ms 24ms 43.0MB 1037ms 7ms ldc2 1.30.0
d 1.d 1205ms 67ms 74.8MB 1180ms 13ms dmd 2.100.2
d 2.d 1728ms 2.7ms 49.0MB 1697ms 13ms dmd 2.100.2

Input: 10

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
d 1.d 131ms 1.6ms 13.5MB 113ms 0ms ldc2 1.30.0
d 1.d 147ms 1.8ms 22.7MB 130ms 3ms dmd 2.100.2
d 2.d 195ms 1.0ms 15.6MB 173ms 3ms ldc2 1.30.0
d 2.d 430ms 1.0ms 16.4MB 413ms 3ms dmd 2.100.2

pidigits

Input: 8000

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
d 1.d 3087ms 2.7ms 7.9MB 3123ms 27ms ldc2 1.30.0
d 1.d timeout 0.0ms 0.0MB 0ms 0ms dmd 2.100.2
kotlin 1.kt timeout 0.0ms 0.0MB 0ms 0ms kotlin/jvm 17.0.2
kotlin 1n.kt timeout 0.0ms 0.0MB 0ms 0ms kotlin/native 1.7.20
kotlin 2n.kt timeout 0.0ms 0.0MB 0ms 0ms kotlin/native 1.7.20

Input: 4000

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
d 1.d 738ms 3.7ms 8.0MB 737ms 7ms ldc2 1.30.0
d 1.d 1431ms 3.5ms 8.8MB 1437ms 3ms dmd 2.100.2
kotlin 1.kt 1568ms 14ms 212.9MB 1933ms 73ms kotlin/jvm 17.0.2
kotlin 1n.kt timeout 0.0ms 0.0MB 0ms 0ms kotlin/native 1.7.20
kotlin 2n.kt timeout 0.0ms 0.0MB 0ms 0ms kotlin/native 1.7.20

secp256k1

Input: 2000

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
kotlin 1.kt 4536ms 19ms 183.2MB 5437ms 87ms kotlin/jvm 17.0.2
d 1.d timeout 0.0ms 0.0MB 0ms 0ms dmd 2.100.2
d 1.d timeout 0.0ms 0.0MB 0ms 0ms ldc2 1.30.0

Input: 500

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
kotlin 1-m.kt 1381ms 9.6ms 183.5MB 2153ms 80ms kotlin/jvm 17.0.2
d 1.d 1503ms 3.4ms 3.9MB 1493ms 0ms ldc2 1.30.0
d 1.d 2982ms 14ms 5.3MB 2983ms 0ms dmd 2.100.2

spectral-norm

Input: 8000

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
d 1.d 4243ms 0.9ms 4.1MB 4230ms 0ms ldc2 1.30.0
d 1.d 4429ms 23ms 4.5MB 4417ms 0ms dmd 2.100.2

Input: 4000

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
d 1.d 1066ms 2.2ms 3.5MB 1053ms 0ms ldc2 1.30.0
d 1.d 1110ms 2.5ms 4.2MB 1097ms 0ms dmd 2.100.2

Input: 2000

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
d 1.d 270ms 0.4ms 3.4MB 260ms 0ms ldc2 1.30.0
d 1.d 280ms 0.4ms 4.2MB 270ms 0ms dmd 2.100.2