Programming Language and compiler
Benchmarks

D VS Acton benchmarks

Current benchmark data was generated on Sun Jun 01 2025, full log can be found HERE

CONTRIBUTIONS are WELCOME!

[x86_64][4 cores] AMD EPYC 7763 64-Core Processor (Model 1)

* -m in a file name stands for multi-threading or multi-processing

* -i in a file name stands for direct intrinsics usage. (Usage of simd intrinsics via libraries is not counted)

* -ffi in a file name stands for non-stdlib FFI usage

* (You may find time < time(user) + time(sys) for some non-parallelized programs, the overhead is from GC or JIT compiler, which are allowed to take advantage of multi-cores as that's more close to real-world scenarios.)

binarytrees

Input: 18

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
d 1.d 1768ms 21ms 312.6MB 1733ms 40ms ldc2 1.40.1
d 1.d 3074ms 138ms 314.1MB 3237ms 53ms dmd 2.111.0
acton 1.act timeout 0.0ms 67.0MB 5877ms 77ms actonc 0.25.0

Input: 15

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
d 1.d 166ms 2.1ms 207.9MB 140ms 17ms ldc2 1.40.1
d 1.d 262ms 3.0ms 211.1MB 233ms 20ms dmd 2.111.0
acton 1.act 814ms 23ms 12.0MB 937ms 67ms actonc 0.25.0

coro-prime-sieve

Input: 4000

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
d 1.d timeout 0.0ms 16.4MB 4963ms 27ms dmd 2.111.0
d 1.d timeout 0.0ms 17.4MB 4963ms 23ms ldc2 1.40.1

Input: 1000

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
d 1.d 1038ms 5.4ms 10.4MB 1020ms 13ms ldc2 1.40.1
d 1.d 1380ms 15ms 12.5MB 1357ms 13ms dmd 2.111.0

edigits

Input: 250001

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
acton 1.act 220ms 2.2ms 8.0MB 197ms 33ms actonc 0.25.0
d 1.d 2549ms 1.1ms 8.1MB 2540ms 0ms ldc2 1.40.1
d 1.d 2868ms 1.6ms 10.5MB 2853ms 3ms dmd 2.111.0

Input: 100000

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
acton 1.act 77ms 8.3ms 6.0MB 57ms 20ms actonc 0.25.0
d 1.d 443ms 0.4ms 8.0MB 430ms 0ms ldc2 1.40.1
d 1.d 516ms 0.7ms 10.4MB 503ms 0ms dmd 2.111.0

fannkuch-redux

Input: 11

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
d 1-im.d 389ms 21ms 3.0MB 1423ms 0ms ldc2 1.40.1
d 2-im.d 1118ms 4.1ms 3.0MB 4323ms 0ms ldc2 1.40.1
d 1-i.d 1486ms 5.4ms 2.9MB 1473ms 0ms ldc2 1.40.1
d 1.d 3121ms 27ms 2.8MB 3110ms 0ms ldc2 1.40.1
d 2-i.d 3238ms 0.8ms 2.9MB 3230ms 0ms ldc2 1.40.1
d 1.d 3537ms 4.6ms 4.6MB 3527ms 0ms dmd 2.111.0
d 1-im.d 4471ms 28ms 4.9MB 17507ms 0ms dmd 2.111.0
d 1-i.d timeout 0.0ms 4.5MB 4990ms 0ms dmd 2.111.0
d 2-i.d timeout 0.0ms 4.5MB 4990ms 0ms dmd 2.111.0
d 2-im.d timeout 0.0ms 4.9MB 19737ms 13ms dmd 2.111.0

Input: 10

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
d 1-im.d 37ms 0.6ms 3.0MB 110ms 0ms ldc2 1.40.1
d 2-im.d 97ms 1.6ms 3.0MB 347ms 0ms ldc2 1.40.1
d 1-i.d 123ms 0.5ms 2.9MB 110ms 0ms ldc2 1.40.1
d 1.d 263ms 1.6ms 2.9MB 250ms 0ms ldc2 1.40.1
d 2-i.d 268ms 1.3ms 2.9MB 260ms 0ms ldc2 1.40.1
d 1.d 297ms 1.3ms 4.6MB 290ms 0ms dmd 2.111.0
d 1-im.d 383ms 15ms 4.9MB 1427ms 0ms dmd 2.111.0
d 2-im.d 520ms 1.5ms 4.9MB 2007ms 0ms dmd 2.111.0
d 1-i.d 891ms 4.6ms 4.6MB 883ms 0ms dmd 2.111.0
d 2-i.d 1382ms 12ms 4.5MB 1373ms 0ms dmd 2.111.0

fasta

Input: 2500000

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
d 1.d 156ms 2.4ms 2.9MB 147ms 0ms ldc2 1.40.1
d 1.d 647ms 7.8ms 4.8MB 633ms 0ms dmd 2.111.0

Input: 250000

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
d 1.d 18ms 0.7ms 2.9MB 10ms 0ms ldc2 1.40.1
d 1.d 67ms 0.5ms 4.8MB 60ms 0ms dmd 2.111.0

helloworld

Input: QwQ

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
d 1.d 1.6ms 0.1ms 3.0MB 0ms 0ms ldc2 1.40.1
d 1.d 2.0ms 0.2ms 5.1MB 0ms 0ms dmd 2.111.0
acton 1.act 3.4ms 0.3ms 3.9MB 0ms 0ms actonc 0.25.0

json-serde

Input: sample 5000

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
d 2.d 58ms 1.9ms 15.6MB 60ms 10ms ldc2 1.40.1
d 2.d 239ms 2.5ms 22.5MB 243ms 10ms dmd 2.111.0

Input: canada 15

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
d 2.d 455ms 7.2ms 139.9MB 420ms 40ms ldc2 1.40.1
d 2.d 2499ms 7.6ms 158.5MB 2513ms 37ms dmd 2.111.0

knucleotide

Input: 2500000_in

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
d 1-m.d 622ms 16ms 47.8MB 2043ms 10ms ldc2 1.40.1
d 1-m.d 1876ms 46ms 58.6MB 5530ms 10ms dmd 2.111.0

Input: 250000_in

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
d 1-m.d 86ms 1.1ms 38.8MB 243ms 13ms ldc2 1.40.1
d 1-m.d 227ms 31ms 40.9MB 607ms 67ms dmd 2.111.0

lru

Input: 1000 1000000

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
d 1.d 131ms 1.4ms 6.1MB 120ms 0ms ldc2 1.40.1
d 1.d 187ms 22ms 7.9MB 177ms 0ms dmd 2.111.0

Input: 1000 3000000

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
d 1.d 376ms 2.9ms 5.9MB 360ms 17ms ldc2 1.40.1
d 1.d 511ms 3.0ms 7.9MB 500ms 13ms dmd 2.111.0

Input: 100 500000

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
d 1.d 57ms 1.8ms 6.1MB 50ms 0ms ldc2 1.40.1
d 1.d 79ms 1.5ms 7.9MB 70ms 0ms dmd 2.111.0

mandelbrot

Input: 5000

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
d 1.d 294ms 0.5ms 7.5MB 283ms 0ms ldc2 1.40.1
d 1.d 2134ms 31ms 8.4MB 2123ms 0ms dmd 2.111.0

Input: 1000

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
d 1.d 15ms 0.2ms 3.0MB 10ms 0ms ldc2 1.40.1
d 1.d 90ms 1.6ms 4.6MB 80ms 0ms dmd 2.111.0

merkletrees

Input: 17

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
d 1.d 946ms 6.7ms 312.4MB 913ms 33ms ldc2 1.40.1
d 1.d 1816ms 2.0ms 314.1MB 1930ms 47ms dmd 2.111.0
acton 1.act 3258ms 55ms 84.4MB 3627ms 60ms actonc 0.25.0

Input: 15

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
d 1.d 201ms 2.2ms 312.5MB 150ms 37ms ldc2 1.40.1
d 1.d 354ms 4.9ms 315.0MB 323ms 30ms dmd 2.111.0
acton 1.act 697ms 11ms 23.8MB 757ms 33ms actonc 0.25.0

nbody

Input: 5000000

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
d 1.d 360ms 0.7ms 2.9MB 350ms 0ms ldc2 1.40.1
d 2.d 361ms 1.1ms 2.9MB 350ms 0ms ldc2 1.40.1
d 1.d 678ms 10ms 4.8MB 670ms 0ms dmd 2.111.0
d 2.d 2037ms 13ms 4.6MB 2027ms 0ms dmd 2.111.0

Input: 500000

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
d 1.d 39ms 0.3ms 2.9MB 30ms 0ms ldc2 1.40.1
d 2.d 39ms 0.4ms 2.9MB 30ms 0ms ldc2 1.40.1
d 1.d 71ms 1.0ms 4.8MB 60ms 0ms dmd 2.111.0
d 2.d 210ms 0.8ms 4.6MB 200ms 0ms dmd 2.111.0

nsieve

Input: 12

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
d 1.d 322ms 14ms 43.5MB 307ms 3ms ldc2 1.40.1
d 1.d 352ms 8.5ms 79.3MB 333ms 7ms dmd 2.111.0
d 2.d 841ms 2.9ms 47.5MB 820ms 7ms ldc2 1.40.1
d 2.d 1167ms 5.5ms 51.5MB 1150ms 3ms dmd 2.111.0
acton 1.act timeout 0.0ms 560.9MB 6633ms 100ms actonc 0.25.0

Input: 10

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
d 1.d 64ms 3.8ms 15.6MB 57ms 0ms ldc2 1.40.1
d 1.d 76ms 3.3ms 25.3MB 67ms 0ms dmd 2.111.0
d 2.d 209ms 1.1ms 17.8MB 200ms 0ms ldc2 1.40.1
d 2.d 293ms 1.8ms 19.8MB 280ms 0ms dmd 2.111.0
acton 1.act 2432ms 41ms 229.8MB 2987ms 43ms actonc 0.25.0

pidigits

Input: 8000

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
d 1.d 2422ms 6.5ms 7.9MB 2373ms 427ms ldc2 1.40.1
acton 1-m.act 3374ms 156ms 6.8MB 3427ms 2370ms actonc 0.25.0
d 1.d 4459ms 11ms 10.5MB 4440ms 447ms dmd 2.111.0

Input: 4000

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
d 1.d 586ms 9.4ms 8.0MB 563ms 93ms ldc2 1.40.1
acton 1-m.act 965ms 82ms 6.1MB 883ms 747ms actonc 0.25.0
d 1.d 1055ms 1.4ms 10.4MB 1050ms 97ms dmd 2.111.0

regex-redux

Input: 2500000_in

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
d 3.d 565ms 7.3ms 171.8MB 743ms 23ms ldc2 1.40.1
d 3.d 1197ms 1.1ms 176.5MB 1383ms 27ms dmd 2.111.0

Input: 250000_in

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
d 3.d 62ms 0.6ms 26.2MB 70ms 3ms ldc2 1.40.1
d 3.d 127ms 1.2ms 31.8MB 140ms 0ms dmd 2.111.0

secp256k1

Input: 2000

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
d 1.d 4793ms 19ms 4.1MB 4750ms 383ms ldc2 1.40.1
d 1.d timeout 0.0ms 6.5MB 4950ms 307ms dmd 2.111.0

Input: 500

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
d 1.d 1199ms 4.8ms 3.9MB 1180ms 97ms ldc2 1.40.1
d 1.d 2045ms 6.0ms 6.9MB 2027ms 113ms dmd 2.111.0

spectral-norm

Input: 8000

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
d 1.d 3595ms 3.6ms 4.0MB 3587ms 0ms ldc2 1.40.1
d 1.d 3642ms 31ms 5.9MB 3633ms 0ms dmd 2.111.0

Input: 4000

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
d 1.d 901ms 2.0ms 3.5MB 890ms 0ms ldc2 1.40.1
d 1.d 930ms 9.2ms 5.4MB 920ms 0ms dmd 2.111.0

Input: 2000

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
d 1.d 228ms 0.6ms 3.0MB 220ms 0ms ldc2 1.40.1
d 1.d 234ms 1.3ms 4.9MB 223ms 0ms dmd 2.111.0