Programming Language and compiler
Benchmarks

Wasm VS Kotlin benchmarks

Current benchmark data was generated on Sun Dec 01 2024, full log can be found HERE

CONTRIBUTIONS are WELCOME!

[x86_64][4 cores] AMD EPYC 7763 64-Core Processor (Model 1)

* -m in a file name stands for multi-threading or multi-processing

* -i in a file name stands for direct intrinsics usage. (Usage of simd intrinsics via libraries is not counted)

* -ffi in a file name stands for non-stdlib FFI usage

* (You may find time < time(user) + time(sys) for some non-parallelized programs, the overhead is from GC or JIT compiler, which are allowed to take advantage of multi-cores as that's more close to real-world scenarios.)

binarytrees

Input: 18

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
kotlin 1.kt 480ms 16ms 575.9MB 567ms 87ms kotlin/jvm 21
wasm 5.rs 1531ms 12ms 55.1MB 1500ms 13ms wasmer/llvm 5.0.2
wasm 4.rs 1599ms 10.0ms 54.8MB 1570ms 17ms wasmer/llvm 5.0.2
wasm 3.rs 1644ms 39ms 71.3MB 1600ms 27ms wasmer/llvm 5.0.2
wasm 5.rs 1750ms 25ms 34.8MB 1723ms 10ms wasmtime 27.0.0
wasm 4.rs 1794ms 30ms 34.9MB 1777ms 3ms wasmtime 27.0.0
wasm 3.rs 1860ms 47ms 52.9MB 1830ms 17ms wasmtime 27.0.0
kotlin 1-m.kt 3116ms 32ms 248.5MB 5177ms 713ms kotlin/native 1.8.21

Input: 15

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
kotlin 1.kt 102ms 1.9ms 158.0MB 110ms 27ms kotlin/jvm 21
wasm 5.rs 152ms 0.8ms 41.0MB 140ms 0ms wasmer/llvm 5.0.2
wasm 4.rs 161ms 3.1ms 41.0MB 143ms 3ms wasmer/llvm 5.0.2
wasm 3.rs 165ms 6.6ms 42.9MB 143ms 7ms wasmer/llvm 5.0.2
wasm 4.rs 171ms 1.2ms 21.0MB 157ms 3ms wasmtime 27.0.0
wasm 3.rs 174ms 3.1ms 22.9MB 157ms 3ms wasmtime 27.0.0
wasm 5.rs 181ms 18ms 22.9MB 163ms 0ms wasmtime 27.0.0
kotlin 1-m.kt 299ms 30ms 32.5MB 463ms 60ms kotlin/native 1.8.21

coro-prime-sieve

Input: 4000

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
wasm 3.rs 1094ms 34ms 38.6MB 1077ms 3ms wasmer/llvm 5.0.2
wasm 3.rs 1163ms 43ms 21.3MB 1150ms 0ms wasmtime 27.0.0
kotlin 2-m.kt 1604ms 72ms 235.4MB 5907ms 97ms kotlin/jvm 21
kotlin 1.kt 2135ms 35ms 220.1MB 2943ms 63ms kotlin/jvm 21
kotlin 1.kt timeout 0.0ms 14.9MB 6260ms 513ms kotlin/native 1.8.21
kotlin 2-m.kt timeout 0.0ms 85.0MB 19090ms 157ms kotlin/native 1.8.21

Input: 1000

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
wasm 3.rs 80ms 1.4ms 21.8MB 63ms 0ms wasmtime 27.0.0
wasm 3.rs 81ms 2.4ms 39.2MB 63ms 3ms wasmer/llvm 5.0.2
kotlin 2-m.kt 419ms 4.7ms 54.7MB 1533ms 27ms kotlin/native 1.8.21
kotlin 1-m.kt 483ms 3.9ms 74.0MB 1130ms 37ms kotlin/jvm 21
kotlin 1.kt 678ms 2.7ms 10.8MB 817ms 63ms kotlin/native 1.8.21
kotlin 2-m.kt 790ms 26ms 99.0MB 2727ms 67ms kotlin/jvm 21

edigits

Input: 250001

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
wasm 1.rs 357ms 2.7ms 38.5MB 343ms 0ms wasmer/llvm 5.0.2
wasm 1.rs 418ms 3.7ms 20.2MB 403ms 3ms wasmtime 27.0.0

Input: 100000

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
wasm 1.rs 101ms 0.3ms 38.5MB 87ms 3ms wasmer/llvm 5.0.2
wasm 1.rs 113ms 1.8ms 21.7MB 100ms 0ms wasmtime 27.0.0

fannkuch-redux

Input: 11

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
wasm 1.rs 3274ms 9.3ms 39.0MB 3263ms 0ms wasmer/llvm 5.0.2
wasm 1.rs 4081ms 22ms 18.6MB 4063ms 0ms wasmtime 27.0.0

Input: 10

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
wasm 1.rs 285ms 1.7ms 36.9MB 270ms 0ms wasmer/llvm 5.0.2
wasm 1.rs 341ms 0.3ms 18.5MB 327ms 0ms wasmtime 27.0.0

fasta

Input: 2500000

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
wasm 1.rs 230ms 2.2ms 19.0MB 213ms 0ms wasmtime 27.0.0
wasm 1.rs 331ms 4.4ms 37.5MB 233ms 70ms wasmer/llvm 5.0.2

Input: 250000

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
wasm 1.rs 34ms 5.0ms 19.0MB 20ms 3ms wasmtime 27.0.0
wasm 1.rs 45ms 0.8ms 37.5MB 23ms 3ms wasmer/llvm 5.0.2

helloworld

Input: QwQ

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
kotlin 1.kt 2.4ms 0.2ms 4.7MB 0ms 0ms kotlin/native 1.8.21
wasm 1.rs 7.4ms 0.3ms 21.1MB 0ms 0ms wasmtime 27.0.0
wasm 1.rs 12ms 0.4ms 38.6MB 0ms 0ms wasmer/llvm 5.0.2
kotlin 1.kt 58ms 4.7ms 47.4MB 56ms 16ms kotlin/jvm 21

lru

Input: 1000 1000000

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
wasm 1.rs 79ms 1.1ms 20.7MB 60ms 0ms wasmtime 27.0.0
wasm 1.rs 80ms 0.5ms 37.2MB 63ms 0ms wasmer/llvm 5.0.2
kotlin 1-m.kt 185ms 5.2ms 96.3MB 300ms 30ms kotlin/jvm 21
kotlin 2-m.kt 198ms 2.7ms 103.3MB 427ms 33ms kotlin/jvm 21
kotlin 2.kt 303ms 3.4ms 7.6MB 423ms 17ms kotlin/native 1.8.21
kotlin 1.kt 505ms 3.2ms 7.8MB 597ms 7ms kotlin/native 1.8.21

Input: 1000 3000000

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
wasm 1.rs 220ms 0.7ms 37.4MB 207ms 3ms wasmer/llvm 5.0.2
wasm 1.rs 224ms 4.2ms 19.1MB 210ms 0ms wasmtime 27.0.0
kotlin 2-m.kt 310ms 1.0ms 213.2MB 547ms 50ms kotlin/jvm 21
kotlin 1.kt 329ms 4.8ms 204.6MB 437ms 40ms kotlin/jvm 21
kotlin 2.kt 910ms 4.1ms 7.8MB 1313ms 40ms kotlin/native 1.8.21
kotlin 1.kt 1549ms 11ms 7.8MB 1893ms 20ms kotlin/native 1.8.21

Input: 100 500000

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
wasm 1.rs 46ms 0.7ms 19.2MB 37ms 0ms wasmtime 27.0.0
wasm 1.rs 49ms 1.3ms 38.5MB 37ms 0ms wasmer/llvm 5.0.2
kotlin 2.kt 137ms 0.1ms 5.7MB 190ms 0ms kotlin/native 1.8.21
kotlin 1-m.kt 142ms 1.1ms 90.9MB 277ms 27ms kotlin/jvm 21
kotlin 2-m.kt 158ms 11ms 93.7MB 300ms 37ms kotlin/jvm 21
kotlin 1.kt 166ms 2.7ms 5.8MB 203ms 0ms kotlin/native 1.8.21

mandelbrot

Input: 5000

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
wasm 8.rs 698ms 1.7ms 40.4MB 677ms 7ms wasmer/llvm 5.0.2
wasm 8.rs 821ms 15ms 24.0MB 810ms 0ms wasmtime 27.0.0

Input: 1000

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
wasm 8.rs 42ms 0.2ms 37.5MB 27ms 3ms wasmer/llvm 5.0.2
wasm 8.rs 43ms 0.8ms 19.1MB 33ms 0ms wasmtime 27.0.0

merkletrees

Input: 17

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
kotlin 1.kt 353ms 4.0ms 679.4MB 377ms 90ms kotlin/jvm 21
wasm 1.rs 774ms 5.0ms 61.2MB 737ms 23ms wasmer/llvm 5.0.2
wasm 1.rs 868ms 25ms 42.9MB 840ms 13ms wasmtime 27.0.0
kotlin 1-m.kt 1537ms 54ms 136.5MB 2363ms 343ms kotlin/native 1.8.21

Input: 15

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
kotlin 1-m.kt 131ms 0.9ms 206.5MB 157ms 40ms kotlin/jvm 21
wasm 1.rs 175ms 0.7ms 45.1MB 153ms 10ms wasmer/llvm 5.0.2
wasm 1.rs 192ms 10ms 24.9MB 180ms 3ms wasmtime 27.0.0
kotlin 1-m.kt 319ms 4.8ms 40.5MB 470ms 77ms kotlin/native 1.8.21

nbody

Input: 5000000

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
wasm 1.rs 343ms 1.8ms 37.1MB 323ms 3ms wasmer/llvm 5.0.2
wasm 1.rs 406ms 1.4ms 20.8MB 390ms 0ms wasmtime 27.0.0
kotlin 1n.kt 407ms 3.6ms 4.7MB 400ms 0ms kotlin/native 1.8.21
kotlin 1.kt 446ms 1.4ms 49.5MB 480ms 23ms kotlin/jvm 21
wasm 2.rs 552ms 37ms 39.3MB 540ms 0ms wasmer/llvm 5.0.2
wasm 2.rs 576ms 0.6ms 20.8MB 560ms 0ms wasmtime 27.0.0

Input: 500000

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
kotlin 1n.kt 46ms 0.7ms 4.7MB 40ms 0ms kotlin/native 1.8.21
wasm 1.rs 47ms 0.8ms 38.4MB 30ms 3ms wasmer/llvm 5.0.2
wasm 1.rs 49ms 0.5ms 20.8MB 33ms 3ms wasmtime 27.0.0
wasm 2.rs 66ms 0.8ms 20.8MB 50ms 3ms wasmtime 27.0.0
wasm 2.rs 67ms 3.4ms 37.4MB 50ms 7ms wasmer/llvm 5.0.2
kotlin 1.kt 123ms 1.1ms 49.4MB 163ms 20ms kotlin/jvm 21

nsieve

Input: 12

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
wasm 2.rs 351ms 5.0ms 42.1MB 333ms 3ms wasmer/llvm 5.0.2
wasm 1.rs 364ms 8.8ms 76.2MB 350ms 3ms wasmer/llvm 5.0.2
wasm 2.rs 381ms 11ms 23.8MB 370ms 0ms wasmtime 27.0.0
wasm 1.rs 510ms 6.0ms 58.2MB 490ms 7ms wasmtime 27.0.0

Input: 10

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
wasm 1.rs 70ms 1.4ms 47.0MB 57ms 0ms wasmer/llvm 5.0.2
wasm 2.rs 95ms 1.1ms 38.6MB 80ms 0ms wasmer/llvm 5.0.2
wasm 2.rs 96ms 1.1ms 20.1MB 80ms 7ms wasmtime 27.0.0
wasm 1.rs 97ms 1.5ms 28.7MB 90ms 0ms wasmtime 27.0.0

pidigits

Input: 8000

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
wasm 2.rs 2075ms 6.3ms 37.6MB 2053ms 3ms wasmer/llvm 5.0.2
wasm 2.rs 2160ms 7.6ms 19.7MB 2147ms 0ms wasmtime 27.0.0
kotlin 1.kt 3707ms 69ms 352.5MB 4577ms 93ms kotlin/jvm 21
kotlin 1n.kt timeout 0.0ms 20.9MB 6393ms 267ms kotlin/native 1.8.21
kotlin 2n.kt timeout 0.0ms 8.2MB 4993ms 160ms kotlin/native 1.8.21

Input: 4000

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
wasm 2.rs 493ms 3.2ms 39.4MB 480ms 0ms wasmer/llvm 5.0.2
wasm 2.rs 514ms 2.4ms 19.2MB 497ms 0ms wasmtime 27.0.0
kotlin 1-m.kt 1004ms 32ms 354.5MB 1770ms 80ms kotlin/jvm 21
kotlin 1n.kt timeout 0.0ms 7.4MB 6367ms 263ms kotlin/native 1.8.21
kotlin 2n.kt timeout 0.0ms 8.3MB 5000ms 160ms kotlin/native 1.8.21

secp256k1

Input: 2000

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
kotlin 1.kt 3074ms 58ms 231.7MB 3977ms 60ms kotlin/jvm 21
wasm 1.rs 3108ms 21ms 37.1MB 3093ms 3ms wasmer/llvm 5.0.2
wasm 1.rs 3496ms 1.3ms 20.6MB 3480ms 0ms wasmtime 27.0.0

Input: 500

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
wasm 1.rs 787ms 3.0ms 39.0MB 773ms 3ms wasmer/llvm 5.0.2
wasm 1.rs 887ms 3.6ms 20.7MB 877ms 0ms wasmtime 27.0.0
kotlin 1-m.kt 1039ms 9.3ms 232.3MB 1953ms 67ms kotlin/jvm 21

spectral-norm

Input: 8000

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
wasm 2.rs 3587ms 3.9ms 37.2MB 3573ms 3ms wasmer/llvm 5.0.2
wasm 2.rs 3589ms 8.6ms 18.9MB 3573ms 0ms wasmtime 27.0.0
wasm 7.rs 3597ms 1.9ms 38.9MB 3580ms 3ms wasmer/llvm 5.0.2
wasm 7.rs 4874ms 3.3ms 20.7MB 4857ms 0ms wasmtime 27.0.0

Input: 4000

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
wasm 2.rs 906ms 2.5ms 18.7MB 890ms 0ms wasmtime 27.0.0
wasm 2.rs 909ms 1.3ms 38.9MB 893ms 0ms wasmer/llvm 5.0.2
wasm 7.rs 909ms 0.8ms 39.0MB 893ms 0ms wasmer/llvm 5.0.2
wasm 7.rs 1233ms 11ms 18.7MB 1220ms 0ms wasmtime 27.0.0

Input: 2000

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
wasm 2.rs 234ms 2.2ms 18.5MB 220ms 0ms wasmtime 27.0.0
wasm 2.rs 238ms 1.1ms 38.9MB 227ms 0ms wasmer/llvm 5.0.2
wasm 7.rs 239ms 1.1ms 37.2MB 223ms 0ms wasmer/llvm 5.0.2
wasm 7.rs 321ms 11ms 18.8MB 303ms 0ms wasmtime 27.0.0