Programming Language and compiler
Benchmarks

Rust VS C benchmarks

Current benchmark data was generated on Tue Mar 25 2025, full log can be found HERE

CONTRIBUTIONS are WELCOME!

[x86_64][4 cores] AMD EPYC 7763 64-Core Processor (Model 1)

* -m in a file name stands for multi-threading or multi-processing

* -i in a file name stands for direct intrinsics usage. (Usage of simd intrinsics via libraries is not counted)

* -ffi in a file name stands for non-stdlib FFI usage

* (You may find time < time(user) + time(sys) for some non-parallelized programs, the overhead is from GC or JIT compiler, which are allowed to take advantage of multi-cores as that's more close to real-world scenarios.)

helloworld

Input: QwQ

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
c 1.c 1.0ms 0.0ms 1.4MB 0ms 0ms zigcc 0.14.0
rust 1.rs 1.2ms 0.1ms 1.8MB 0ms 0ms rustc 1.85.1
c 1.c 1.2ms 0.1ms 2.1MB 0ms 0ms gcc 14.2.0
c 1.c 1.3ms 0.1ms 2.1MB 0ms 0ms clang 14.0.0-1ubuntu1.1
rust 1.rs 1.4ms 0.2ms 1.9MB 0ms 0ms rustc 1.87.0-nightly

mandelbrot

Input: 5000

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
c 1-mffi.c 222ms 13ms 7.6MB 827ms 10ms clang 14.0.0-1ubuntu1.1
rust 9.rs 256ms 16ms 4.7MB 250ms 0ms rustc 1.87.0-nightly
c 1-mffi.c 265ms 2.3ms 6.7MB 810ms 0ms gcc 14.2.0
rust 8.rs 308ms 1.4ms 4.7MB 300ms 0ms rustc 1.85.1
c 1-mffi.c 332ms 2.1ms 5.9MB 320ms 0ms zigcc 0.14.0
c 1-ffi.c 332ms 2.5ms 5.9MB 323ms 0ms zigcc 0.14.0
c 1-ffi.c 456ms 4.1ms 6.4MB 443ms 0ms clang 14.0.0-1ubuntu1.1
c 1-ffi.c 541ms 2.5ms 6.7MB 530ms 0ms gcc 14.2.0

Input: 1000

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
rust 9.rs 13ms 0.2ms 1.9MB 10ms 0ms rustc 1.87.0-nightly
c 1-ffi.c 16ms 0.1ms 3.0MB 10ms 0ms zigcc 0.14.0
c 1-mffi.c 16ms 0.1ms 3.0MB 10ms 0ms zigcc 0.14.0
c 1-mffi.c 18ms 1.7ms 3.8MB 43ms 0ms gcc 14.2.0
c 1-mffi.c 18ms 1.6ms 4.6MB 30ms 0ms clang 14.0.0-1ubuntu1.1
rust 8.rs 18ms 5.2ms 1.9MB 13ms 0ms rustc 1.85.1
c 1-ffi.c 22ms 0.1ms 3.6MB 10ms 0ms clang 14.0.0-1ubuntu1.1
c 1-ffi.c 26ms 1.0ms 3.8MB 20ms 0ms gcc 14.2.0

nbody

Input: 5000000

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
rust 4-i.rs 168ms 2.2ms 1.9MB 160ms 0ms rustc 1.85.1
rust 7-i.rs 238ms 0.9ms 1.9MB 230ms 0ms rustc 1.85.1
rust 1.rs 240ms 0.8ms 1.8MB 230ms 0ms rustc 1.85.1
c 8-i.c 270ms 3.5ms 1.5MB 263ms 0ms zigcc 0.14.0
rust 3.rs 280ms 0.4ms 1.8MB 270ms 0ms rustc 1.87.0-nightly
rust 2.rs 288ms 8.0ms 1.6MB 277ms 0ms rustc 1.85.1
c 8-i.c 303ms 0.8ms 2.1MB 290ms 0ms clang 14.0.0-1ubuntu1.1
c 2.c 310ms 0.8ms 2.3MB 300ms 0ms gcc 14.2.0
c 5.c 313ms 0.8ms 2.3MB 307ms 0ms gcc 14.2.0
c 5.c 317ms 0.3ms 2.1MB 310ms 0ms clang 14.0.0-1ubuntu1.1
c 2.c 317ms 5.6ms 1.5MB 303ms 0ms zigcc 0.14.0
c 5.c 318ms 3.5ms 1.5MB 310ms 0ms zigcc 0.14.0
c 2.c 318ms 2.2ms 2.1MB 310ms 0ms clang 14.0.0-1ubuntu1.1
c 8-i.c 333ms 0.4ms 2.3MB 320ms 0ms gcc 14.2.0

Input: 500000

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
rust 4-i.rs 19ms 0.3ms 1.8MB 10ms 0ms rustc 1.85.1
rust 7-i.rs 26ms 0.2ms 1.8MB 20ms 0ms rustc 1.85.1
rust 1.rs 26ms 0.3ms 1.9MB 20ms 0ms rustc 1.85.1
rust 3.rs 30ms 0.1ms 1.8MB 20ms 0ms rustc 1.87.0-nightly
rust 2.rs 30ms 0.7ms 1.8MB 20ms 0ms rustc 1.85.1
c 8-i.c 31ms 4.1ms 1.5MB 23ms 0ms zigcc 0.14.0
c 8-i.c 34ms 0.5ms 2.3MB 27ms 0ms clang 14.0.0-1ubuntu1.1
c 2.c 34ms 0.5ms 2.3MB 30ms 0ms gcc 14.2.0
c 2.c 34ms 0.3ms 1.5MB 30ms 0ms zigcc 0.14.0
c 5.c 34ms 0.1ms 2.3MB 30ms 0ms clang 14.0.0-1ubuntu1.1
c 5.c 34ms 0.3ms 2.3MB 30ms 0ms gcc 14.2.0
c 5.c 35ms 0.6ms 1.5MB 30ms 0ms zigcc 0.14.0
c 8-i.c 36ms 0.2ms 2.3MB 30ms 0ms gcc 14.2.0
c 2.c 40ms 2.3ms 2.1MB 30ms 0ms clang 14.0.0-1ubuntu1.1

spectral-norm

Input: 8000

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
rust 8-m.rs 494ms 0.3ms 2.5MB 1913ms 0ms rustc 1.87.0-nightly
rust 7-m.rs 501ms 1.3ms 2.3MB 1937ms 7ms rustc 1.85.1
c 6-im.c 958ms 2.2ms 2.0MB 3770ms 0ms gcc 14.2.0
c 4-m.c 968ms 2.7ms 2.0MB 3810ms 0ms gcc 14.2.0
rust 8.rs 994ms 1.8ms 2.4MB 980ms 0ms rustc 1.87.0-nightly
c 6-im.c 1011ms 12ms 3.3MB 3953ms 7ms clang 14.0.0-1ubuntu1.1
c 5-im.c 1099ms 17ms 2.0MB 4293ms 3ms gcc 14.2.0
c 4-m.c 1132ms 16ms 3.1MB 4430ms 7ms clang 14.0.0-1ubuntu1.1
c 5-im.c 1333ms 5.5ms 3.3MB 5243ms 3ms clang 14.0.0-1ubuntu1.1
c 3-m.c 1845ms 24ms 3.3MB 7243ms 10ms clang 14.0.0-1ubuntu1.1
rust 2-m.rs 1967ms 0.5ms 2.3MB 7720ms 7ms rustc 1.85.1
c 3-m.c 1975ms 10ms 2.3MB 7780ms 7ms gcc 14.2.0
rust 7.rs 2112ms 8.4ms 2.0MB 2103ms 0ms rustc 1.85.1
rust 2.rs 4212ms 3.9ms 2.0MB 4203ms 0ms rustc 1.85.1

Input: 4000

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
rust 8-m.rs 128ms 0.3ms 2.3MB 467ms 3ms rustc 1.87.0-nightly
rust 7-m.rs 129ms 0.0ms 2.1MB 477ms 0ms rustc 1.85.1
c 6-im.c 247ms 0.9ms 2.0MB 943ms 0ms gcc 14.2.0
rust 8.rs 251ms 0.9ms 2.1MB 240ms 0ms rustc 1.87.0-nightly
c 4-m.c 252ms 1.3ms 2.1MB 967ms 0ms gcc 14.2.0
c 6-im.c 263ms 2.8ms 3.3MB 993ms 0ms clang 14.0.0-1ubuntu1.1
c 5-im.c 287ms 8.2ms 2.0MB 1100ms 0ms gcc 14.2.0
c 4-m.c 289ms 1.7ms 3.3MB 1110ms 0ms clang 14.0.0-1ubuntu1.1
c 5-im.c 342ms 1.1ms 3.3MB 1313ms 0ms clang 14.0.0-1ubuntu1.1
c 3-m.c 496ms 43ms 3.3MB 1873ms 7ms clang 14.0.0-1ubuntu1.1
c 3-m.c 497ms 0.9ms 2.0MB 1940ms 0ms gcc 14.2.0
rust 2-m.rs 499ms 4.2ms 2.1MB 1907ms 0ms rustc 1.85.1
rust 7.rs 535ms 4.9ms 1.9MB 523ms 0ms rustc 1.85.1
rust 2.rs 1057ms 5.0ms 2.0MB 1043ms 0ms rustc 1.85.1

Input: 2000

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
rust 8-m.rs 36ms 0.2ms 2.3MB 107ms 0ms rustc 1.87.0-nightly
rust 7-m.rs 37ms 0.8ms 2.1MB 113ms 0ms rustc 1.85.1
rust 8.rs 65ms 0.4ms 2.0MB 60ms 0ms rustc 1.87.0-nightly
c 4-m.c 71ms 0.4ms 2.0MB 257ms 0ms gcc 14.2.0
c 6-im.c 73ms 4.0ms 3.3MB 253ms 0ms clang 14.0.0-1ubuntu1.1
c 6-im.c 75ms 7.5ms 2.0MB 263ms 0ms gcc 14.2.0
c 5-im.c 79ms 1.5ms 2.0MB 280ms 0ms gcc 14.2.0
c 4-m.c 79ms 0.8ms 3.1MB 280ms 0ms clang 14.0.0-1ubuntu1.1
c 5-im.c 92ms 1.5ms 3.1MB 327ms 0ms clang 14.0.0-1ubuntu1.1
c 3-m.c 126ms 3.1ms 3.1MB 453ms 0ms clang 14.0.0-1ubuntu1.1
rust 2-m.rs 128ms 0.5ms 2.0MB 470ms 0ms rustc 1.85.1
c 3-m.c 131ms 1.1ms 2.0MB 493ms 0ms gcc 14.2.0
rust 7.rs 136ms 2.4ms 1.9MB 130ms 0ms rustc 1.85.1
rust 2.rs 267ms 1.3ms 2.0MB 260ms 0ms rustc 1.85.1

binarytrees

Input: 18

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
rust 4.rs 1295ms 3.8ms 33.6MB 1273ms 10ms rustc 1.85.1
rust 5.rs 1401ms 21ms 33.8MB 1377ms 7ms rustc 1.85.1
rust 3.rs 1556ms 12ms 49.8MB 1523ms 20ms rustc 1.85.1

Input: 15

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
rust 4.rs 123ms 2.5ms 5.8MB 113ms 0ms rustc 1.85.1
rust 5.rs 127ms 3.9ms 5.8MB 117ms 0ms rustc 1.85.1
rust 3.rs 136ms 2.8ms 7.8MB 123ms 0ms rustc 1.85.1

coro-prime-sieve

Input: 4000

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
rust 3-m.rs 581ms 48ms 9.3MB 2187ms 73ms rustc 1.85.1
rust 5-m.rs 617ms 62ms 5.6MB 2333ms 63ms rustc 1.85.1
rust 1-m.rs 957ms 7.3ms 8.4MB 3493ms 230ms rustc 1.85.1
rust 3.rs 1163ms 33ms 9.3MB 1117ms 30ms rustc 1.85.1
rust 4.rs 1886ms 1.9ms 7.4MB 1870ms 0ms rustc 1.85.1

Input: 1000

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
rust 5-m.rs 54ms 1.7ms 3.3MB 163ms 13ms rustc 1.85.1
rust 3-m.rs 59ms 1.8ms 4.1MB 187ms 10ms rustc 1.85.1
rust 3.rs 72ms 1.0ms 4.0MB 60ms 0ms rustc 1.85.1
rust 1-m.rs 73ms 0.5ms 3.9MB 233ms 23ms rustc 1.85.1
rust 4.rs 119ms 3.2ms 3.3MB 110ms 0ms rustc 1.85.1

edigits

Input: 250001

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
rust 1.rs 120ms 0.7ms 3.6MB 110ms 0ms rustc 1.85.1
rust 2.rs 424ms 2.4ms 3.8MB 410ms 0ms rustc 1.85.1

Input: 100000

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
rust 1.rs 33ms 1.6ms 2.9MB 23ms 0ms rustc 1.85.1
rust 2.rs 78ms 1.2ms 3.0MB 70ms 0ms rustc 1.85.1

fannkuch-redux

Input: 11

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
rust 3-im.rs 412ms 1.0ms 2.0MB 1580ms 0ms rustc 1.85.1
rust 5-m.rs 575ms 7.0ms 2.1MB 2190ms 0ms rustc 1.85.1
rust 2-im.rs 623ms 2.8ms 2.0MB 2400ms 0ms rustc 1.85.1
rust 1-m.rs 994ms 7.8ms 2.1MB 3783ms 0ms rustc 1.85.1
rust 3-i.rs 1500ms 1.0ms 1.9MB 1490ms 0ms rustc 1.85.1
rust 2-i.rs 1765ms 5.9ms 1.8MB 1757ms 0ms rustc 1.85.1
rust 1.rs 2681ms 4.0ms 1.8MB 2673ms 0ms rustc 1.85.1

Input: 10

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
rust 3-im.rs 38ms 0.5ms 2.1MB 120ms 0ms rustc 1.85.1
rust 5-m.rs 54ms 1.6ms 2.0MB 177ms 0ms rustc 1.85.1
rust 2-im.rs 61ms 0.7ms 2.0MB 200ms 0ms rustc 1.85.1
rust 1-m.rs 90ms 1.9ms 2.1MB 313ms 0ms rustc 1.85.1
rust 3-i.rs 126ms 0.9ms 1.9MB 120ms 0ms rustc 1.85.1
rust 2-i.rs 149ms 0.7ms 1.8MB 140ms 0ms rustc 1.85.1
rust 1.rs 227ms 1.5ms 1.8MB 217ms 0ms rustc 1.85.1

fasta

Input: 2500000

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
rust 5c-m.rs 91ms 0.5ms 3.2MB 260ms 3ms rustc 1.85.1
rust 5-m.rs 95ms 0.4ms 3.2MB 297ms 0ms rustc 1.85.1
rust 1c.rs 162ms 1.0ms 1.9MB 153ms 0ms rustc 1.85.1
rust 1.rs 196ms 1.0ms 1.9MB 187ms 0ms rustc 1.85.1

Input: 250000

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
rust 5c-m.rs 16ms 0.5ms 3.2MB 27ms 0ms rustc 1.85.1
rust 5-m.rs 16ms 0.9ms 3.2MB 27ms 0ms rustc 1.85.1
rust 1c.rs 19ms 0.3ms 1.9MB 10ms 0ms rustc 1.85.1
rust 1.rs 22ms 0.7ms 2.0MB 10ms 0ms rustc 1.85.1

http-server

Input: 3000

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
rust 1-m.rs 304ms 70ms 74.8MB 180ms 497ms rustc 1.85.1
rust 2-m.rs 375ms 8.8ms 73.4MB 257ms 893ms rustc 1.85.1
rust 2-http2.rs 394ms 102ms 57.0MB 917ms 383ms rustc 1.85.1
rust 1-http2.rs 565ms 74ms 61.6MB 1280ms 690ms rustc 1.85.1

Input: 500

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
rust 1-m.rs 38ms 3.0ms 13.4MB 17ms 57ms rustc 1.85.1
rust 2-m.rs 88ms 11ms 24.4MB 40ms 173ms rustc 1.85.1
rust 2-http2.rs 208ms 35ms 26.0MB 497ms 190ms rustc 1.85.1
rust 1-http2.rs 254ms 38ms 29.0MB 667ms 220ms rustc 1.85.1

json-serde

Input: sample 5000

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
rust 5-i.rs 29ms 1.6ms 9.8MB 17ms 0ms rustc 1.85.1
rust 4-i.rs 32ms 1.5ms 7.9MB 20ms 0ms rustc 1.85.1
rust 3.rs 62ms 0.3ms 32.0MB 40ms 10ms rustc 1.85.1
rust 2.rs 62ms 1.2ms 33.8MB 40ms 10ms rustc 1.85.1
rust 1.rs 104ms 0.3ms 67.4MB 60ms 30ms rustc 1.85.1

Input: canada 15

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
rust 5-i.rs 210ms 1.7ms 52.6MB 187ms 7ms rustc 1.85.1
rust 4-i.rs 261ms 0.4ms 54.4MB 207ms 40ms rustc 1.85.1
rust 2.rs 409ms 2.3ms 237.6MB 303ms 93ms rustc 1.85.1
rust 3.rs 409ms 4.0ms 237.6MB 303ms 90ms rustc 1.85.1
rust 1.rs 703ms 3.1ms 550.2MB 450ms 240ms rustc 1.85.1

knucleotide

Input: 2500000_in

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
c 1-m.c 178ms 4.6ms 22.8MB 420ms 3ms gcc 14.2.0
rust 8-m.rs 219ms 7.0ms 27.3MB 653ms 10ms rustc 1.85.1
c 1-m.c 317ms 51ms 25.9MB 1090ms 27ms clang 14.0.0-1ubuntu1.1
rust 8.rs 485ms 15ms 22.3MB 467ms 7ms rustc 1.85.1

Input: 250000_in

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
c 1-m.c 28ms 1.6ms 13.9MB 63ms 0ms gcc 14.2.0
rust 8-m.rs 30ms 2.2ms 16.0MB 63ms 0ms rustc 1.85.1
c 1-m.c 36ms 0.8ms 15.1MB 100ms 3ms clang 14.0.0-1ubuntu1.1
rust 8.rs 59ms 1.1ms 11.6MB 50ms 0ms rustc 1.85.1

lru

Input: 1000 1000000

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
rust 0-unsafe.rs 42ms 4.5ms 1.8MB 37ms 0ms rustc 1.85.1
rust 1.rs 52ms 8.0ms 2.0MB 47ms 0ms rustc 1.85.1

Input: 1000 3000000

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
rust 0-unsafe.rs 143ms 14ms 1.9MB 137ms 0ms rustc 1.85.1
rust 1.rs 193ms 34ms 2.0MB 183ms 0ms rustc 1.85.1

Input: 100 500000

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
rust 0-unsafe.rs 26ms 0.9ms 1.8MB 20ms 0ms rustc 1.85.1
rust 1.rs 29ms 0.1ms 1.8MB 20ms 0ms rustc 1.85.1

merkletrees

Input: 17

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
rust 1.rs 708ms 3.7ms 33.8MB 683ms 10ms rustc 1.85.1

Input: 15

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
rust 1.rs 153ms 0.3ms 9.8MB 140ms 0ms rustc 1.85.1

nsieve

Input: 12

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
c 1.c 292ms 7.4ms 41.0MB 277ms 0ms gcc 14.2.0
rust 2.rs 317ms 3.9ms 6.7MB 307ms 0ms rustc 1.85.1
rust 1.rs 323ms 1.8ms 40.9MB 303ms 0ms rustc 1.85.1
c 1.c 327ms 8.1ms 40.2MB 310ms 0ms zigcc 0.14.0
c 1.c 337ms 20ms 40.8MB 317ms 0ms clang 14.0.0-1ubuntu1.1

Input: 10

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
c 1.c 53ms 4.6ms 11.8MB 43ms 0ms gcc 14.2.0
c 1.c 55ms 2.0ms 11.6MB 43ms 0ms clang 14.0.0-1ubuntu1.1
c 1.c 60ms 1.3ms 11.0MB 50ms 0ms zigcc 0.14.0
rust 1.rs 61ms 2.9ms 11.6MB 50ms 0ms rustc 1.85.1
rust 2.rs 79ms 2.3ms 2.9MB 70ms 0ms rustc 1.85.1

pidigits

Input: 8000

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
rust 1.rs 1529ms 3.0ms 2.7MB 1307ms 203ms rustc 1.85.1
rust 2.rs 1714ms 6.0ms 2.7MB 1623ms 80ms rustc 1.85.1

Input: 4000

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
rust 1.rs 324ms 4.0ms 2.4MB 297ms 10ms rustc 1.85.1
rust 2.rs 382ms 2.4ms 2.4MB 370ms 0ms rustc 1.85.1

regex-redux

Input: 2500000_in

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
rust 7.rs 448ms 14ms 77.6MB 470ms 13ms rustc 1.85.1

Input: 250000_in

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
rust 7.rs 48ms 0.8ms 12.6MB 40ms 0ms rustc 1.85.1

secp256k1

Input: 2000

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
rust 0.rs 118ms 1.9ms 1.8MB 110ms 0ms rustc 1.85.1
rust 1.rs 1427ms 6.3ms 1.9MB 1417ms 0ms rustc 1.85.1

Input: 500

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
rust 0.rs 32ms 1.6ms 1.8MB 23ms 0ms rustc 1.85.1
rust 1.rs 358ms 0.7ms 1.9MB 350ms 0ms rustc 1.85.1