Programming Language and compiler
Benchmarks

Go VS Crystal benchmarks

Current benchmark data was generated on Thu May 01 2025, full log can be found HERE

CONTRIBUTIONS are WELCOME!

[x86_64][4 cores] AMD EPYC 7763 64-Core Processor (Model 1)

* -m in a file name stands for multi-threading or multi-processing

* -i in a file name stands for direct intrinsics usage. (Usage of simd intrinsics via libraries is not counted)

* -ffi in a file name stands for non-stdlib FFI usage

* (You may find time < time(user) + time(sys) for some non-parallelized programs, the overhead is from GC or JIT compiler, which are allowed to take advantage of multi-cores as that's more close to real-world scenarios.)

binarytrees

Input: 18

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
go 1.go 1220ms 11ms 55.0MB 1197ms 10ms tinygo 0.37.0
crystal 1.cr 1235ms 5.9ms 64.2MB 1210ms 10ms crystal 1.16.2
go 1-m.go 2348ms 15ms 40.2MB 5240ms 33ms go 1.24.2

Input: 15

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
crystal 1.cr 107ms 1.5ms 11.0MB 93ms 0ms crystal 1.16.2
go 1.go 113ms 1.8ms 5.6MB 100ms 0ms tinygo 0.37.0
go 1-m.go 208ms 0.9ms 8.1MB 367ms 7ms go 1.24.2

coro-prime-sieve

Input: 4000

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
go 1-m.go 584ms 107ms 15.6MB 2280ms 0ms go 1.24.2
go 1.go 717ms 25ms 268.1MB 657ms 40ms tinygo 0.37.0
crystal 1.cr 1514ms 13ms 19.9MB 1450ms 53ms crystal 1.16.2

Input: 1000

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
go 1-m.go 38ms 5.1ms 7.4MB 127ms 0ms go 1.24.2
go 1.go 66ms 1.1ms 67.2MB 40ms 10ms tinygo 0.37.0
crystal 1.cr 85ms 1.3ms 7.1MB 63ms 10ms crystal 1.16.2

edigits

Input: 250001

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
crystal 1.cr 57ms 0.6ms 6.4MB 40ms 0ms crystal 1.16.2
go 1.go 117ms 2.3ms 8.6MB 110ms 0ms go 1.24.2

Input: 100000

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
crystal 1.cr 23ms 1.1ms 5.1MB 10ms 0ms crystal 1.16.2
go 1.go 35ms 0.5ms 8.2MB 30ms 0ms go 1.24.2

fannkuch-redux

Input: 11

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
go 3-m.go 727ms 2.6ms 5.5MB 2810ms 0ms go 1.24.2
go 3.go 2016ms 6.4ms 48.8MB 2000ms 7ms tinygo 0.37.0
crystal 1.cr 2480ms 8.8ms 2.9MB 2470ms 0ms crystal 1.16.2

Input: 10

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
go 3-m.go 76ms 0.8ms 5.6MB 207ms 0ms go 1.24.2
go 3.go 188ms 2.3ms 48.9MB 170ms 3ms tinygo 0.37.0
crystal 1.cr 206ms 3.4ms 2.9MB 197ms 0ms crystal 1.16.2

fasta

Input: 2500000

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
go 3-m.go 118ms 1.3ms 6.8MB 380ms 0ms go 1.24.2
crystal 2.cr 550ms 2.8ms 3.5MB 447ms 90ms crystal 1.16.2
crystal 1.cr 694ms 0.9ms 14.6MB 577ms 103ms crystal 1.16.2

Input: 250000

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
go 3-m.go 17ms 1.1ms 7.5MB 30ms 0ms go 1.24.2
crystal 2.cr 58ms 0.8ms 3.6MB 40ms 3ms crystal 1.16.2
crystal 1.cr 75ms 0.4ms 4.9MB 50ms 10ms crystal 1.16.2

helloworld

Input: QwQ

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
go 1.go 0.9ms 0.1ms 0.4MB 0ms 0ms tinygo 0.37.0
go 1.go 1.5ms 0.1ms 3.4MB 0ms 0ms go 1.24.2
crystal 1.cr 1.9ms 0.1ms 2.9MB 0ms 0ms crystal 1.16.2

http-server

Input: 3000

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
go 1-http2.go 123ms 1.8ms 54.0MB 340ms 87ms go 1.24.2
go 2-m.go 433ms 3.3ms 167.6MB 683ms 717ms go 1.24.2
go 1-m.go 458ms 59ms 176.0MB 783ms 747ms go 1.24.2
crystal 1.cr 2259ms 358ms 211.1MB 313ms 487ms crystal 1.16.2

Input: 500

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
go 1-http2.go 30ms 2.2ms 25.4MB 60ms 20ms go 1.24.2
go 2-m.go 72ms 2.7ms 38.3MB 93ms 110ms go 1.24.2
go 1-m.go 81ms 8.9ms 36.6MB 117ms 117ms go 1.24.2
crystal 1.cr 1184ms 99ms 54.9MB 33ms 83ms crystal 1.16.2

json-serde

Input: sample 5000

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
go 2-ffi.go 46ms 0.7ms 41.1MB 37ms 10ms go 1.24.2
go 1.go 146ms 5.2ms 18.7MB 140ms 0ms go 1.24.2

Input: canada 15

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
go 2-ffi.go 254ms 5.8ms 145.2MB 243ms 50ms go 1.24.2
go 1.go 752ms 6.7ms 105.0MB 740ms 10ms go 1.24.2

knucleotide

Input: 2500000_in

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
go 7-m.go 674ms 2.1ms 41.7MB 2390ms 20ms go 1.24.2

Input: 250000_in

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
go 7-m.go 132ms 1.0ms 23.6MB 343ms 30ms go 1.24.2

lru

Input: 1000 1000000

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
crystal 0-unsafe.cr 37ms 0.6ms 3.0MB 30ms 0ms crystal 1.16.2
crystal 1.cr 65ms 1.4ms 3.0MB 57ms 0ms crystal 1.16.2
go 3.go 119ms 3.6ms 3.5MB 110ms 0ms go 1.24.2
go 3.go 134ms 4.5ms 0.5MB 127ms 0ms tinygo 0.37.0

Input: 1000 3000000

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
crystal 0-unsafe.cr 99ms 0.9ms 3.0MB 90ms 0ms crystal 1.16.2
crystal 1.cr 187ms 2.0ms 3.0MB 180ms 0ms crystal 1.16.2
go 3.go 389ms 2.3ms 3.5MB 380ms 0ms go 1.24.2
go 3.go 389ms 4.8ms 0.5MB 383ms 0ms tinygo 0.37.0

Input: 100 500000

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
crystal 0-unsafe.cr 17ms 0.3ms 3.0MB 10ms 0ms crystal 1.16.2
crystal 1.cr 30ms 1.3ms 3.0MB 20ms 0ms crystal 1.16.2
go 3.go 52ms 1.1ms 3.5MB 47ms 0ms go 1.24.2
go 3.go 64ms 2.9ms 0.4MB 57ms 0ms tinygo 0.37.0

mandelbrot

Input: 5000

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
crystal 1.cr 314ms 1.1ms 9.3MB 300ms 0ms crystal 1.16.2
go 1.go 2666ms 6.7ms 7.7MB 2657ms 0ms go 1.24.2
go 1.go 4072ms 18ms 3.4MB 4063ms 0ms tinygo 0.37.0

Input: 1000

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
crystal 1.cr 17ms 0.4ms 5.6MB 10ms 0ms crystal 1.16.2
go 1.go 117ms 2.6ms 3.6MB 110ms 0ms go 1.24.2
go 1.go 174ms 4.9ms 0.5MB 167ms 0ms tinygo 0.37.0

merkletrees

Input: 17

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
go 1.go 812ms 48ms 63.2MB 790ms 7ms tinygo 0.37.0
crystal 1.cr 846ms 6.4ms 64.2MB 823ms 10ms crystal 1.16.2
go 2.go 1106ms 0.8ms 55.0MB 1090ms 0ms tinygo 0.37.0
go 1-m.go 1446ms 5.8ms 41.0MB 3067ms 37ms go 1.24.2
go 2-m.go 1649ms 1.9ms 42.9MB 3640ms 33ms go 1.24.2

Input: 15

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
go 1.go 174ms 1.1ms 9.8MB 160ms 0ms tinygo 0.37.0
crystal 1.cr 175ms 0.8ms 22.2MB 160ms 0ms crystal 1.16.2
go 2.go 205ms 4.5ms 17.1MB 187ms 0ms tinygo 0.37.0
go 1-m.go 329ms 1.3ms 12.2MB 667ms 23ms go 1.24.2
go 2-m.go 373ms 3.4ms 13.8MB 783ms 27ms go 1.24.2

nbody

Input: 5000000

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
crystal 1.cr 343ms 0.7ms 3.3MB 330ms 0ms crystal 1.16.2
crystal 2.cr 344ms 2.9ms 3.3MB 333ms 0ms crystal 1.16.2
go 1.go 346ms 0.8ms 0.4MB 340ms 0ms tinygo 0.37.0
go 1.go 350ms 2.0ms 3.5MB 340ms 0ms go 1.24.2

Input: 500000

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
go 1.go 37ms 0.7ms 0.4MB 30ms 0ms tinygo 0.37.0
crystal 2.cr 37ms 0.5ms 3.3MB 30ms 0ms crystal 1.16.2
crystal 1.cr 38ms 1.1ms 3.3MB 30ms 0ms crystal 1.16.2
go 1.go 38ms 0.9ms 3.5MB 30ms 0ms go 1.24.2

nsieve

Input: 12

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
go 1.go 288ms 12ms 39.8MB 273ms 0ms tinygo 0.37.0
go 1.go 321ms 6.3ms 71.7MB 307ms 0ms go 1.24.2
crystal 2.cr 348ms 4.1ms 8.3MB 340ms 0ms crystal 1.16.2
go 2.go 427ms 4.0ms 21.6MB 413ms 0ms tinygo 0.37.0
crystal 1.cr 427ms 4.1ms 43.0MB 413ms 0ms crystal 1.16.2
go 2.go 788ms 2.5ms 21.6MB 777ms 7ms go 1.24.2

Input: 10

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
go 1.go 57ms 1.6ms 10.5MB 47ms 0ms tinygo 0.37.0
go 1.go 67ms 0.4ms 21.6MB 60ms 0ms go 1.24.2
crystal 2.cr 88ms 2.4ms 4.5MB 80ms 0ms crystal 1.16.2
crystal 1.cr 89ms 0.3ms 13.2MB 80ms 0ms crystal 1.16.2
go 2.go 109ms 0.7ms 4.9MB 100ms 0ms tinygo 0.37.0
go 2.go 197ms 3.1ms 6.1MB 183ms 0ms go 1.24.2

pidigits

Input: 8000

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
go 8.go 1118ms 6.9ms 8.7MB 1103ms 3ms go 1.24.2
crystal 1.cr 1973ms 67ms 6.3MB 1947ms 17ms crystal 1.16.2

Input: 4000

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
go 8.go 271ms 2.4ms 8.6MB 260ms 0ms go 1.24.2
crystal 1.cr 457ms 15ms 5.1MB 443ms 0ms crystal 1.16.2

regex-redux

Input: 2500000_in

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
go 3.go timeout 0.0ms 122.2MB 4987ms 40ms go 1.24.2
go 3.go timeout 0.0ms 130.5MB 4977ms 10ms tinygo 0.37.0

Input: 250000_in

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
go 3.go 1800ms 15ms 20.2MB 1787ms 27ms go 1.24.2
go 3.go 2249ms 8.9ms 29.5MB 2230ms 0ms tinygo 0.37.0

secp256k1

Input: 2000

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
go 0-ffi.go 90ms 0.7ms 5.2MB 83ms 0ms go 1.24.2

Input: 500

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
go 0-ffi.go 25ms 0.2ms 5.2MB 17ms 0ms go 1.24.2

spectral-norm

Input: 8000

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
go 4-m.go 1913ms 15ms 5.5MB 7410ms 3ms go 1.24.2
go 1.go 3658ms 17ms 5.6MB 3650ms 0ms go 1.24.2
crystal 1.cr 3764ms 9.2ms 4.6MB 3750ms 0ms crystal 1.16.2
go 1.go timeout 0.0ms 0.5MB 4990ms 0ms tinygo 0.37.0

Input: 4000

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
go 4-m.go 489ms 15ms 5.5MB 1830ms 0ms go 1.24.2
go 1.go 941ms 32ms 3.5MB 933ms 0ms go 1.24.2
crystal 1.cr 950ms 8.9ms 4.4MB 940ms 0ms crystal 1.16.2
go 1.go 1397ms 1.8ms 0.5MB 1390ms 0ms tinygo 0.37.0

Input: 2000

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
go 4-m.go 125ms 0.5ms 5.6MB 453ms 0ms go 1.24.2
go 1.go 239ms 3.5ms 3.5MB 230ms 0ms go 1.24.2
crystal 1.cr 241ms 2.8ms 3.9MB 230ms 0ms crystal 1.16.2
go 1.go 351ms 1.0ms 0.4MB 343ms 0ms tinygo 0.37.0