Programming Language and compiler
Benchmarks

Go VS Acton benchmarks

Current benchmark data was generated on Sun Jul 13 2025, full log can be found HERE

CONTRIBUTIONS are WELCOME!

[x86_64][4 cores] AMD EPYC 7763 64-Core Processor (Model 1)

* -m in a file name stands for multi-threading or multi-processing

* -i in a file name stands for direct intrinsics usage. (Usage of simd intrinsics via libraries is not counted)

* -ffi in a file name stands for non-stdlib FFI usage

* (You may find time < time(user) + time(sys) for some non-parallelized programs, the overhead is from GC or JIT compiler, which are allowed to take advantage of multi-cores as that's more close to real-world scenarios.)

binarytrees

Input: 18

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
go 1.go 1743ms 3.1ms 51.9MB 1723ms 10ms tinygo 0.38.0
go 1-m.go 2344ms 26ms 41.8MB 5190ms 40ms go 1.24.5
acton 1.act timeout 0.0ms 67.0MB 5860ms 97ms actonc 0.26.0

Input: 15

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
go 1.go 148ms 3.7ms 5.0MB 140ms 0ms tinygo 0.38.0
go 1-m.go 208ms 2.6ms 8.0MB 370ms 7ms go 1.24.5
acton 1.act 825ms 34ms 12.1MB 950ms 67ms actonc 0.26.0

coro-prime-sieve

Input: 4000

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
go 1-m.go 685ms 62ms 15.6MB 2630ms 0ms go 1.24.5
go 1.go timeout 0.0ms 13.1MB 2433ms 17063ms tinygo 0.38.0

Input: 1000

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
go 1-m.go 54ms 5.9ms 7.5MB 187ms 0ms go 1.24.5
go 1-m.go 651ms 55ms 4.3MB 280ms 2150ms tinygo 0.38.0

edigits

Input: 250001

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
go 1.go 117ms 2.1ms 8.4MB 107ms 0ms go 1.24.5
acton 1.act 224ms 8.4ms 8.1MB 207ms 27ms actonc 0.26.0

Input: 100000

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
go 1.go 35ms 1.1ms 8.2MB 30ms 0ms go 1.24.5
acton 1.act 76ms 3.4ms 6.0MB 60ms 17ms actonc 0.26.0

fannkuch-redux

Input: 11

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
go 3-m.go 722ms 3.3ms 3.0MB 2663ms 43ms tinygo 0.38.0
go 3-m.go 725ms 0.6ms 5.6MB 2807ms 0ms go 1.24.5

Input: 10

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
go 3-m.go 76ms 0.2ms 3.5MB 210ms 0ms go 1.24.5
go 3-m.go 102ms 3.6ms 3.0MB 187ms 37ms tinygo 0.38.0

fasta

Input: 2500000

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
go 3-m.go 118ms 0.9ms 5.5MB 380ms 0ms go 1.24.5

Input: 250000

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
go 3-m.go 18ms 1.5ms 6.5MB 30ms 0ms go 1.24.5

helloworld

Input: QwQ

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
go 1.go 0.6ms 0.1ms 0.3MB 0ms 0ms tinygo 0.38.0
go 1.go 1.4ms 0.1ms 3.4MB 0ms 0ms go 1.24.5
acton 1.act 3.5ms 0.2ms 4.3MB 0ms 0ms actonc 0.26.0

http-server

Input: 3000

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
go 1-http2.go 120ms 5.3ms 60.3MB 330ms 80ms go 1.24.5
go 2-m.go 386ms 12ms 170.1MB 687ms 633ms go 1.24.5
go 1-m.go 388ms 25ms 176.1MB 727ms 580ms go 1.24.5

Input: 500

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
go 1-http2.go 23ms 13ms 25.6MB 60ms 15ms go 1.24.5
go 2-m.go 25ms 25ms 26.9MB 35ms 50ms go 1.24.5
go 1-m.go 70ms 3.8ms 36.7MB 97ms 97ms go 1.24.5

json-serde

Input: sample 5000

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
go 2-ffi.go 46ms 0.9ms 40.5MB 40ms 3ms go 1.24.5
go 1.go 144ms 1.6ms 18.6MB 137ms 0ms go 1.24.5

Input: canada 15

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
go 2-ffi.go 251ms 6.7ms 145.2MB 247ms 40ms go 1.24.5
go 1.go 752ms 3.9ms 105.1MB 740ms 13ms go 1.24.5

knucleotide

Input: 2500000_in

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
go 7-m.go 703ms 41ms 40.2MB 2410ms 30ms go 1.24.5

Input: 250000_in

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
go 7-m.go 129ms 2.0ms 24.0MB 343ms 20ms go 1.24.5

lru

Input: 1000 1000000

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
go 3.go 121ms 2.2ms 3.5MB 113ms 0ms go 1.24.5
go 3.go 133ms 1.4ms 0.4MB 127ms 0ms tinygo 0.38.0

Input: 1000 3000000

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
go 3.go 390ms 2.9ms 0.4MB 380ms 0ms tinygo 0.38.0
go 3.go 390ms 2.1ms 3.5MB 380ms 0ms go 1.24.5

Input: 100 500000

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
go 3.go 50ms 0.9ms 3.5MB 40ms 0ms go 1.24.5
go 3.go 65ms 2.1ms 0.3MB 60ms 0ms tinygo 0.38.0

mandelbrot

Input: 5000

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
go 1.go 2664ms 11ms 7.7MB 2657ms 0ms go 1.24.5
go 1.go 3575ms 20ms 3.3MB 3567ms 0ms tinygo 0.38.0

Input: 1000

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
go 1.go 117ms 2.8ms 3.6MB 110ms 0ms go 1.24.5
go 1.go 151ms 2.9ms 0.4MB 143ms 0ms tinygo 0.38.0

merkletrees

Input: 17

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
go 1.go 1031ms 11ms 35.5MB 1010ms 7ms tinygo 0.38.0
go 2.go 1380ms 20ms 51.9MB 1357ms 7ms tinygo 0.38.0
go 1-m.go 1434ms 9.9ms 41.0MB 3033ms 40ms go 1.24.5
go 2-m.go 1649ms 21ms 51.2MB 3610ms 33ms go 1.24.5
acton 1.act 3273ms 16ms 84.5MB 3657ms 63ms actonc 0.26.0

Input: 15

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
go 1.go 207ms 3.3ms 11.6MB 190ms 0ms tinygo 0.38.0
go 2.go 259ms 3.2ms 15.4MB 243ms 0ms tinygo 0.38.0
go 1-m.go 325ms 2.6ms 12.2MB 653ms 23ms go 1.24.5
go 2-m.go 368ms 1.3ms 14.3MB 783ms 17ms go 1.24.5
acton 1.act 700ms 14ms 23.8MB 760ms 37ms actonc 0.26.0

nbody

Input: 5000000

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
go 1.go 347ms 2.9ms 0.3MB 340ms 0ms tinygo 0.38.0
go 1.go 351ms 2.5ms 3.5MB 343ms 0ms go 1.24.5

Input: 500000

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
go 1.go 37ms 1.7ms 0.3MB 30ms 0ms tinygo 0.38.0
go 1.go 38ms 1.3ms 3.5MB 30ms 0ms go 1.24.5

nsieve

Input: 12

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
go 1.go 313ms 5.6ms 39.4MB 297ms 0ms tinygo 0.38.0
go 1.go 315ms 7.2ms 71.7MB 303ms 0ms go 1.24.5
go 2.go 470ms 3.6ms 20.0MB 457ms 0ms tinygo 0.38.0
go 2.go 784ms 5.0ms 21.8MB 773ms 7ms go 1.24.5
acton 1.act timeout 0.0ms 561.1MB 6640ms 77ms actonc 0.26.0

Input: 10

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
go 1.go 63ms 3.8ms 21.6MB 53ms 0ms go 1.24.5
go 1.go 71ms 6.1ms 10.0MB 60ms 0ms tinygo 0.38.0
go 2.go 118ms 3.3ms 4.1MB 110ms 0ms tinygo 0.38.0
go 2.go 194ms 1.7ms 6.1MB 187ms 0ms go 1.24.5
acton 1.act 2437ms 22ms 192.3MB 2917ms 53ms actonc 0.26.0

pidigits

Input: 8000

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
go 8.go 1128ms 11ms 8.6MB 1117ms 3ms go 1.24.5
acton 1-m.act 3537ms 106ms 6.7MB 3547ms 2483ms actonc 0.26.0

Input: 4000

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
go 8.go 266ms 3.2ms 8.6MB 253ms 0ms go 1.24.5
acton 1-m.act 963ms 41ms 6.0MB 937ms 683ms actonc 0.26.0

regex-redux

Input: 2500000_in

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
go 3.go timeout 0.0ms 124.3MB 4987ms 43ms go 1.24.5
go 3.go timeout 0.0ms 85.0MB 4973ms 13ms tinygo 0.38.0

Input: 250000_in

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
go 3.go 1778ms 8.4ms 20.0MB 1760ms 23ms go 1.24.5
go 3.go 2263ms 4.0ms 23.2MB 2243ms 3ms tinygo 0.38.0

secp256k1

Input: 2000

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
go 0-ffi.go 93ms 0.4ms 5.2MB 90ms 0ms go 1.24.5

Input: 500

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
go 0-ffi.go 25ms 0.6ms 5.1MB 20ms 0ms go 1.24.5

spectral-norm

Input: 8000

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
go 4-m.go 1905ms 8.6ms 5.5MB 7413ms 7ms go 1.24.5
go 1.go 3702ms 11ms 5.6MB 3693ms 0ms go 1.24.5
go 1.go timeout 0.0ms 0.5MB 4990ms 0ms tinygo 0.38.0

Input: 4000

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
go 4-m.go 482ms 3.4ms 5.5MB 1833ms 0ms go 1.24.5
go 1.go 915ms 1.8ms 3.5MB 907ms 0ms go 1.24.5
go 1.go 1397ms 0.6ms 0.4MB 1390ms 0ms tinygo 0.38.0

Input: 2000

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
go 4-m.go 125ms 0.9ms 5.5MB 450ms 0ms go 1.24.5
go 1.go 237ms 2.0ms 3.5MB 230ms 0ms go 1.24.5
go 1.go 351ms 0.4ms 0.4MB 340ms 0ms tinygo 0.38.0