Programming Language and compiler
Benchmarks

Rust VS C benchmarks

Current benchmark data was generated on Sat Mar 29 2025, full log can be found HERE

CONTRIBUTIONS are WELCOME!

[x86_64][4 cores] AMD EPYC 7763 64-Core Processor (Model 1)

* -m in a file name stands for multi-threading or multi-processing

* -i in a file name stands for direct intrinsics usage. (Usage of simd intrinsics via libraries is not counted)

* -ffi in a file name stands for non-stdlib FFI usage

* (You may find time < time(user) + time(sys) for some non-parallelized programs, the overhead is from GC or JIT compiler, which are allowed to take advantage of multi-cores as that's more close to real-world scenarios.)

helloworld

Input: QwQ

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
c 1.c 1.0ms 0.1ms 1.4MB 0ms 0ms zigcc 0.14.0
c 1.c 1.2ms 0.1ms 2.1MB 0ms 0ms gcc 14.2.0
rust 1.rs 1.2ms 0.0ms 1.8MB 0ms 0ms rustc 1.85.1
c 1.c 1.3ms 0.1ms 2.1MB 0ms 0ms clang 14.0.0-1ubuntu1.1
rust 1.rs 1.3ms 0.1ms 1.8MB 0ms 0ms rustc 1.87.0-nightly

mandelbrot

Input: 5000

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
c 1-mffi.c 220ms 13ms 7.7MB 827ms 13ms clang 14.0.0-1ubuntu1.1
rust 9.rs 247ms 0.7ms 4.7MB 240ms 0ms rustc 1.87.0-nightly
c 1-mffi.c 263ms 0.5ms 6.5MB 810ms 0ms gcc 14.2.0
rust 8.rs 310ms 2.1ms 4.7MB 300ms 0ms rustc 1.85.1
c 1-mffi.c 331ms 2.1ms 5.9MB 320ms 0ms zigcc 0.14.0
c 1-ffi.c 334ms 0.7ms 5.9MB 327ms 0ms zigcc 0.14.0
c 1-ffi.c 452ms 0.7ms 6.5MB 440ms 0ms clang 14.0.0-1ubuntu1.1
c 1-ffi.c 543ms 1.7ms 6.5MB 533ms 0ms gcc 14.2.0

Input: 1000

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
rust 9.rs 13ms 0.6ms 2.0MB 10ms 0ms rustc 1.87.0-nightly
rust 8.rs 15ms 0.1ms 1.9MB 10ms 0ms rustc 1.85.1
c 1-mffi.c 16ms 1.1ms 4.8MB 33ms 0ms clang 14.0.0-1ubuntu1.1
c 1-ffi.c 16ms 0.2ms 3.0MB 10ms 0ms zigcc 0.14.0
c 1-mffi.c 16ms 0.2ms 3.0MB 10ms 0ms zigcc 0.14.0
c 1-mffi.c 18ms 1.5ms 3.6MB 43ms 0ms gcc 14.2.0
c 1-ffi.c 22ms 0.4ms 3.6MB 10ms 0ms clang 14.0.0-1ubuntu1.1
c 1-ffi.c 26ms 0.9ms 3.6MB 20ms 0ms gcc 14.2.0

nbody

Input: 5000000

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
rust 4-i.rs 164ms 0.4ms 1.9MB 157ms 0ms rustc 1.85.1
rust 7-i.rs 239ms 0.8ms 1.8MB 230ms 0ms rustc 1.85.1
rust 1.rs 240ms 0.7ms 1.8MB 230ms 0ms rustc 1.85.1
c 8-i.c 267ms 1.0ms 1.5MB 260ms 0ms zigcc 0.14.0
rust 3.rs 279ms 0.7ms 1.9MB 270ms 0ms rustc 1.87.0-nightly
rust 2.rs 280ms 0.4ms 1.8MB 270ms 0ms rustc 1.85.1
c 8-i.c 303ms 1.5ms 2.1MB 293ms 0ms clang 14.0.0-1ubuntu1.1
c 2.c 309ms 0.2ms 2.3MB 300ms 0ms gcc 14.2.0
c 5.c 313ms 0.9ms 2.3MB 303ms 0ms gcc 14.2.0
c 2.c 315ms 1.3ms 1.5MB 307ms 0ms zigcc 0.14.0
c 5.c 317ms 1.3ms 2.1MB 310ms 0ms clang 14.0.0-1ubuntu1.1
c 5.c 317ms 2.2ms 1.5MB 307ms 0ms zigcc 0.14.0
c 2.c 318ms 1.5ms 2.1MB 310ms 0ms clang 14.0.0-1ubuntu1.1
c 8-i.c 337ms 4.9ms 2.3MB 323ms 0ms gcc 14.2.0

Input: 500000

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
rust 4-i.rs 18ms 0.3ms 1.9MB 10ms 0ms rustc 1.85.1
rust 7-i.rs 26ms 0.2ms 1.9MB 20ms 0ms rustc 1.85.1
rust 1.rs 26ms 0.3ms 1.8MB 20ms 0ms rustc 1.85.1
c 8-i.c 29ms 0.4ms 1.5MB 20ms 0ms zigcc 0.14.0
rust 3.rs 30ms 0.2ms 1.8MB 20ms 0ms rustc 1.87.0-nightly
rust 2.rs 31ms 0.8ms 1.6MB 20ms 0ms rustc 1.85.1
c 8-i.c 32ms 0.4ms 2.1MB 23ms 0ms clang 14.0.0-1ubuntu1.1
c 5.c 34ms 0.5ms 2.3MB 27ms 0ms gcc 14.2.0
c 2.c 34ms 0.9ms 1.5MB 27ms 0ms zigcc 0.14.0
c 2.c 34ms 0.3ms 2.3MB 27ms 0ms gcc 14.2.0
c 5.c 34ms 0.8ms 2.1MB 30ms 0ms clang 14.0.0-1ubuntu1.1
c 5.c 35ms 0.6ms 1.5MB 30ms 0ms zigcc 0.14.0
c 8-i.c 36ms 0.1ms 2.3MB 30ms 0ms gcc 14.2.0
c 2.c 37ms 2.3ms 2.1MB 30ms 0ms clang 14.0.0-1ubuntu1.1

spectral-norm

Input: 8000

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
rust 8-m.rs 498ms 6.0ms 2.5MB 1880ms 7ms rustc 1.87.0-nightly
rust 7-m.rs 504ms 3.9ms 2.3MB 1930ms 0ms rustc 1.85.1
c 6-im.c 967ms 9.4ms 2.0MB 3783ms 0ms gcc 14.2.0
c 4-m.c 982ms 12ms 2.0MB 3837ms 0ms gcc 14.2.0
rust 8.rs 993ms 0.8ms 2.4MB 983ms 0ms rustc 1.87.0-nightly
c 6-im.c 1008ms 2.8ms 3.4MB 3950ms 3ms clang 14.0.0-1ubuntu1.1
c 5-im.c 1095ms 0.3ms 2.0MB 4303ms 0ms gcc 14.2.0
c 4-m.c 1125ms 1.9ms 3.3MB 4407ms 7ms clang 14.0.0-1ubuntu1.1
c 5-im.c 1351ms 16ms 3.4MB 5283ms 10ms clang 14.0.0-1ubuntu1.1
c 3-m.c 1874ms 45ms 3.1MB 7307ms 17ms clang 14.0.0-1ubuntu1.1
rust 2-m.rs 1969ms 2.9ms 2.1MB 7700ms 13ms rustc 1.85.1
c 3-m.c 1977ms 3.1ms 2.0MB 7780ms 0ms gcc 14.2.0
rust 7.rs 2108ms 1.5ms 2.0MB 2100ms 0ms rustc 1.85.1
rust 2.rs 4215ms 2.7ms 2.0MB 4207ms 0ms rustc 1.85.1

Input: 4000

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
rust 8-m.rs 128ms 0.6ms 2.4MB 463ms 3ms rustc 1.87.0-nightly
rust 7-m.rs 130ms 0.5ms 2.1MB 477ms 0ms rustc 1.85.1
c 6-im.c 249ms 3.6ms 2.0MB 950ms 0ms gcc 14.2.0
rust 8.rs 251ms 0.4ms 2.1MB 240ms 0ms rustc 1.87.0-nightly
c 4-m.c 254ms 2.6ms 2.0MB 970ms 0ms gcc 14.2.0
c 6-im.c 263ms 2.7ms 3.3MB 1000ms 0ms clang 14.0.0-1ubuntu1.1
c 5-im.c 290ms 14ms 2.0MB 1100ms 0ms gcc 14.2.0
c 4-m.c 292ms 3.6ms 3.1MB 1110ms 0ms clang 14.0.0-1ubuntu1.1
c 5-im.c 343ms 4.7ms 3.3MB 1320ms 0ms clang 14.0.0-1ubuntu1.1
c 3-m.c 472ms 11ms 3.1MB 1810ms 3ms clang 14.0.0-1ubuntu1.1
rust 2-m.rs 496ms 0.9ms 2.1MB 1913ms 3ms rustc 1.85.1
c 3-m.c 499ms 3.0ms 2.0MB 1940ms 0ms gcc 14.2.0
rust 7.rs 531ms 2.6ms 1.9MB 523ms 0ms rustc 1.85.1
rust 2.rs 1056ms 1.3ms 1.9MB 1050ms 0ms rustc 1.85.1

Input: 2000

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
rust 7-m.rs 36ms 0.5ms 2.1MB 107ms 3ms rustc 1.85.1
rust 8-m.rs 36ms 0.4ms 2.1MB 107ms 3ms rustc 1.87.0-nightly
rust 8.rs 66ms 0.5ms 2.0MB 60ms 0ms rustc 1.87.0-nightly
c 4-m.c 71ms 0.2ms 2.0MB 253ms 0ms gcc 14.2.0
c 6-im.c 72ms 0.2ms 3.3MB 250ms 0ms clang 14.0.0-1ubuntu1.1
c 6-im.c 77ms 13ms 2.0MB 263ms 0ms gcc 14.2.0
c 4-m.c 80ms 1.2ms 3.3MB 280ms 0ms clang 14.0.0-1ubuntu1.1
c 5-im.c 81ms 2.6ms 2.0MB 290ms 0ms gcc 14.2.0
c 5-im.c 95ms 5.2ms 3.4MB 340ms 0ms clang 14.0.0-1ubuntu1.1
c 3-m.c 123ms 0.8ms 3.4MB 453ms 0ms clang 14.0.0-1ubuntu1.1
rust 2-m.rs 129ms 0.7ms 2.1MB 467ms 0ms rustc 1.85.1
c 3-m.c 133ms 4.0ms 2.0MB 497ms 0ms gcc 14.2.0
rust 7.rs 139ms 5.6ms 1.9MB 133ms 0ms rustc 1.85.1
rust 2.rs 266ms 0.4ms 2.0MB 260ms 0ms rustc 1.85.1

binarytrees

Input: 18

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
rust 4.rs 1269ms 5.9ms 33.6MB 1247ms 7ms rustc 1.85.1
rust 5.rs 1360ms 8.5ms 33.8MB 1333ms 10ms rustc 1.85.1
rust 3.rs 1472ms 50ms 49.8MB 1440ms 17ms rustc 1.85.1

Input: 15

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
rust 4.rs 120ms 2.2ms 5.6MB 110ms 0ms rustc 1.85.1
rust 5.rs 126ms 3.7ms 5.8MB 113ms 0ms rustc 1.85.1
rust 3.rs 142ms 3.8ms 7.8MB 130ms 0ms rustc 1.85.1

coro-prime-sieve

Input: 4000

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
rust 3-m.rs 539ms 51ms 9.3MB 2030ms 63ms rustc 1.85.1
rust 5-m.rs 687ms 4.7ms 5.9MB 2610ms 67ms rustc 1.85.1
rust 1-m.rs 946ms 2.8ms 8.4MB 3503ms 200ms rustc 1.85.1
rust 3.rs 1127ms 4.1ms 9.3MB 1080ms 33ms rustc 1.85.1
rust 4.rs 1922ms 19ms 7.4MB 1910ms 0ms rustc 1.85.1

Input: 1000

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
rust 5-m.rs 54ms 3.9ms 3.5MB 163ms 10ms rustc 1.85.1
rust 3-m.rs 59ms 5.9ms 4.1MB 183ms 13ms rustc 1.85.1
rust 1-m.rs 73ms 1.9ms 3.9MB 237ms 17ms rustc 1.85.1
rust 3.rs 74ms 0.3ms 4.0MB 60ms 0ms rustc 1.85.1
rust 4.rs 117ms 2.3ms 3.3MB 110ms 0ms rustc 1.85.1

edigits

Input: 250001

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
rust 1.rs 122ms 0.5ms 3.6MB 110ms 0ms rustc 1.85.1
rust 2.rs 425ms 2.9ms 3.6MB 413ms 0ms rustc 1.85.1

Input: 100000

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
rust 1.rs 34ms 0.2ms 2.9MB 27ms 0ms rustc 1.85.1
rust 2.rs 78ms 1.4ms 3.0MB 70ms 0ms rustc 1.85.1

fannkuch-redux

Input: 11

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
rust 3-im.rs 412ms 3.0ms 2.0MB 1580ms 0ms rustc 1.85.1
rust 5-m.rs 597ms 46ms 2.0MB 2177ms 0ms rustc 1.85.1
rust 2-im.rs 631ms 4.2ms 2.0MB 2423ms 0ms rustc 1.85.1
rust 1-m.rs 986ms 25ms 2.1MB 3787ms 0ms rustc 1.85.1
rust 3-i.rs 1506ms 13ms 1.9MB 1497ms 0ms rustc 1.85.1
rust 2-i.rs 1758ms 0.6ms 1.8MB 1750ms 0ms rustc 1.85.1
rust 1.rs 2692ms 6.5ms 1.8MB 2683ms 0ms rustc 1.85.1

Input: 10

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
rust 3-im.rs 38ms 0.2ms 2.0MB 127ms 0ms rustc 1.85.1
rust 5-m.rs 53ms 1.0ms 2.0MB 173ms 0ms rustc 1.85.1
rust 2-im.rs 60ms 0.3ms 2.0MB 200ms 0ms rustc 1.85.1
rust 1-m.rs 87ms 0.9ms 2.0MB 307ms 0ms rustc 1.85.1
rust 3-i.rs 125ms 0.4ms 1.9MB 120ms 0ms rustc 1.85.1
rust 2-i.rs 150ms 0.6ms 1.8MB 140ms 0ms rustc 1.85.1
rust 1.rs 227ms 2.5ms 1.8MB 217ms 0ms rustc 1.85.1

fasta

Input: 2500000

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
rust 5c-m.rs 92ms 2.8ms 3.2MB 263ms 0ms rustc 1.85.1
rust 5-m.rs 93ms 0.6ms 3.2MB 293ms 0ms rustc 1.85.1
rust 1c.rs 163ms 0.3ms 1.8MB 150ms 0ms rustc 1.85.1
rust 1.rs 196ms 0.7ms 1.9MB 190ms 0ms rustc 1.85.1

Input: 250000

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
rust 5c-m.rs 17ms 0.2ms 3.2MB 23ms 0ms rustc 1.85.1
rust 5-m.rs 17ms 0.5ms 3.4MB 30ms 0ms rustc 1.85.1
rust 1c.rs 19ms 0.1ms 1.9MB 10ms 0ms rustc 1.85.1
rust 1.rs 22ms 0.6ms 1.9MB 10ms 0ms rustc 1.85.1

http-server

Input: 3000

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
rust 2-http2.rs 261ms 77ms 47.4MB 587ms 277ms rustc 1.85.1
rust 1-m.rs 286ms 51ms 73.4MB 170ms 473ms rustc 1.85.1
rust 2-m.rs 379ms 33ms 71.4MB 243ms 883ms rustc 1.85.1
rust 1-http2.rs 786ms 142ms 69.0MB 2120ms 697ms rustc 1.85.1

Input: 500

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
rust 1-m.rs 40ms 2.0ms 14.0MB 20ms 60ms rustc 1.85.1
rust 2-m.rs 86ms 4.3ms 22.4MB 33ms 177ms rustc 1.85.1
rust 2-http2.rs 206ms 41ms 23.6MB 503ms 180ms rustc 1.85.1
rust 1-http2.rs 255ms 49ms 28.0MB 653ms 227ms rustc 1.85.1

json-serde

Input: sample 5000

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
rust 5-i.rs 28ms 0.3ms 9.8MB 20ms 0ms rustc 1.85.1
rust 4-i.rs 33ms 1.2ms 7.9MB 20ms 0ms rustc 1.85.1
rust 2.rs 60ms 0.3ms 33.8MB 40ms 10ms rustc 1.85.1
rust 3.rs 63ms 3.6ms 32.0MB 43ms 7ms rustc 1.85.1
rust 1.rs 101ms 1.6ms 67.4MB 60ms 30ms rustc 1.85.1

Input: canada 15

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
rust 5-i.rs 210ms 3.7ms 52.6MB 190ms 7ms rustc 1.85.1
rust 4-i.rs 262ms 3.9ms 54.4MB 207ms 47ms rustc 1.85.1
rust 2.rs 408ms 3.8ms 237.6MB 303ms 93ms rustc 1.85.1
rust 3.rs 410ms 6.5ms 237.6MB 303ms 93ms rustc 1.85.1
rust 1.rs 696ms 5.6ms 550.2MB 450ms 230ms rustc 1.85.1

knucleotide

Input: 2500000_in

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
c 1-m.c 173ms 3.2ms 23.6MB 420ms 3ms gcc 14.2.0
rust 8-m.rs 223ms 8.6ms 25.4MB 680ms 3ms rustc 1.85.1
c 1-m.c 290ms 4.8ms 25.9MB 990ms 27ms clang 14.0.0-1ubuntu1.1
rust 8.rs 481ms 8.4ms 22.4MB 457ms 7ms rustc 1.85.1

Input: 250000_in

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
c 1-m.c 28ms 2.1ms 12.6MB 63ms 0ms gcc 14.2.0
rust 8-m.rs 31ms 1.7ms 14.7MB 67ms 0ms rustc 1.85.1
c 1-m.c 38ms 1.5ms 15.1MB 107ms 0ms clang 14.0.0-1ubuntu1.1
rust 8.rs 60ms 0.7ms 11.4MB 50ms 0ms rustc 1.85.1

lru

Input: 1000 1000000

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
rust 0-unsafe.rs 36ms 2.8ms 1.8MB 27ms 0ms rustc 1.85.1
rust 1.rs 52ms 14ms 1.9MB 43ms 0ms rustc 1.85.1

Input: 1000 3000000

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
rust 0-unsafe.rs 137ms 7.5ms 1.9MB 130ms 0ms rustc 1.85.1
rust 1.rs 189ms 17ms 2.0MB 180ms 0ms rustc 1.85.1

Input: 100 500000

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
rust 0-unsafe.rs 23ms 0.6ms 1.8MB 17ms 0ms rustc 1.85.1
rust 1.rs 33ms 3.2ms 1.9MB 23ms 0ms rustc 1.85.1

merkletrees

Input: 17

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
rust 1.rs 717ms 11ms 33.8MB 693ms 10ms rustc 1.85.1

Input: 15

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
rust 1.rs 151ms 0.9ms 9.8MB 140ms 0ms rustc 1.85.1

nsieve

Input: 12

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
c 1.c 287ms 2.0ms 40.9MB 270ms 0ms clang 14.0.0-1ubuntu1.1
c 1.c 297ms 3.9ms 40.2MB 283ms 0ms zigcc 0.14.0
rust 2.rs 311ms 3.4ms 6.6MB 300ms 0ms rustc 1.85.1
c 1.c 315ms 5.4ms 40.9MB 300ms 0ms gcc 14.2.0
rust 1.rs 351ms 9.0ms 40.9MB 333ms 0ms rustc 1.85.1

Input: 10

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
c 1.c 54ms 0.7ms 11.0MB 40ms 0ms zigcc 0.14.0
c 1.c 56ms 4.6ms 11.6MB 47ms 0ms clang 14.0.0-1ubuntu1.1
c 1.c 58ms 7.5ms 11.6MB 47ms 0ms gcc 14.2.0
rust 1.rs 74ms 3.7ms 11.6MB 63ms 0ms rustc 1.85.1
rust 2.rs 78ms 0.1ms 2.9MB 70ms 0ms rustc 1.85.1

pidigits

Input: 8000

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
rust 1.rs 1581ms 20ms 2.8MB 1350ms 213ms rustc 1.85.1
rust 2.rs 1744ms 14ms 2.7MB 1643ms 83ms rustc 1.85.1

Input: 4000

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
rust 1.rs 324ms 1.5ms 2.4MB 300ms 10ms rustc 1.85.1
rust 2.rs 388ms 2.8ms 2.4MB 377ms 0ms rustc 1.85.1

regex-redux

Input: 2500000_in

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
rust 7.rs 439ms 2.1ms 77.6MB 443ms 17ms rustc 1.85.1

Input: 250000_in

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
rust 7.rs 49ms 1.3ms 12.6MB 43ms 0ms rustc 1.85.1

secp256k1

Input: 2000

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
rust 0.rs 119ms 2.9ms 1.9MB 110ms 0ms rustc 1.85.1
rust 1.rs 1426ms 5.0ms 1.9MB 1417ms 0ms rustc 1.85.1

Input: 500

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
rust 0.rs 32ms 2.2ms 1.9MB 23ms 0ms rustc 1.85.1
rust 1.rs 366ms 4.5ms 1.9MB 357ms 0ms rustc 1.85.1