Programming Language and compiler
Benchmarks

Rust VS C benchmarks

Current benchmark data was generated on Sun Jun 01 2025, full log can be found HERE

CONTRIBUTIONS are WELCOME!

[x86_64][4 cores] AMD EPYC 7763 64-Core Processor (Model 1)

* -m in a file name stands for multi-threading or multi-processing

* -i in a file name stands for direct intrinsics usage. (Usage of simd intrinsics via libraries is not counted)

* -ffi in a file name stands for non-stdlib FFI usage

* (You may find time < time(user) + time(sys) for some non-parallelized programs, the overhead is from GC or JIT compiler, which are allowed to take advantage of multi-cores as that's more close to real-world scenarios.)

helloworld

Input: QwQ

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
c 1.c 1.0ms 0.0ms 1.4MB 0ms 0ms zigcc 0.14.1
c 1.c 1.2ms 0.0ms 2.1MB 0ms 0ms gcc 15.1.0
rust 1.rs 1.2ms 0.0ms 1.8MB 0ms 0ms rustc 1.87.0
c 1.c 1.2ms 0.0ms 2.1MB 0ms 0ms clang 14.0.0-1ubuntu1.1
rust 1.rs 1.4ms 0.2ms 1.8MB 0ms 0ms rustc 1.89.0-nightly

mandelbrot

Input: 5000

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
c 1-mffi.c 224ms 14ms 7.5MB 840ms 13ms clang 14.0.0-1ubuntu1.1
rust 9.rs 247ms 0.7ms 4.9MB 240ms 0ms rustc 1.89.0-nightly
c 1-mffi.c 269ms 8.5ms 6.5MB 817ms 0ms gcc 15.1.0
rust 8.rs 291ms 1.6ms 4.8MB 283ms 0ms rustc 1.87.0
c 1-mffi.c 330ms 1.5ms 6.0MB 320ms 0ms zigcc 0.14.1
c 1-ffi.c 332ms 2.8ms 6.0MB 323ms 0ms zigcc 0.14.1
c 1-ffi.c 452ms 0.9ms 6.5MB 440ms 0ms clang 14.0.0-1ubuntu1.1
c 1-ffi.c 543ms 2.3ms 6.6MB 533ms 0ms gcc 15.1.0

Input: 1000

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
rust 9.rs 13ms 0.3ms 2.0MB 10ms 0ms rustc 1.89.0-nightly
rust 8.rs 14ms 0.4ms 1.9MB 10ms 0ms rustc 1.87.0
c 1-mffi.c 15ms 0.5ms 4.6MB 30ms 0ms clang 14.0.0-1ubuntu1.1
c 1-ffi.c 16ms 0.1ms 3.0MB 10ms 0ms zigcc 0.14.1
c 1-mffi.c 16ms 0.2ms 3.0MB 10ms 0ms zigcc 0.14.1
c 1-mffi.c 17ms 2.0ms 3.8MB 43ms 0ms gcc 15.1.0
c 1-ffi.c 21ms 0.1ms 3.5MB 10ms 0ms clang 14.0.0-1ubuntu1.1
c 1-ffi.c 25ms 0.4ms 3.8MB 20ms 0ms gcc 15.1.0

nbody

Input: 5000000

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
rust 4-i.rs 164ms 0.4ms 1.8MB 157ms 0ms rustc 1.87.0
rust 7-i.rs 217ms 0.1ms 1.8MB 210ms 0ms rustc 1.87.0
rust 1.rs 229ms 0.8ms 1.8MB 220ms 0ms rustc 1.87.0
c 8-i.c 270ms 3.2ms 1.5MB 263ms 0ms zigcc 0.14.1
rust 3.rs 279ms 0.8ms 1.8MB 270ms 0ms rustc 1.89.0-nightly
rust 2.rs 279ms 0.6ms 1.6MB 270ms 0ms rustc 1.87.0
c 8-i.c 303ms 3.1ms 2.1MB 293ms 0ms clang 14.0.0-1ubuntu1.1
c 2.c 309ms 1.0ms 2.3MB 300ms 0ms gcc 15.1.0
c 2.c 313ms 2.0ms 1.5MB 303ms 0ms zigcc 0.14.1
c 5.c 313ms 1.2ms 2.3MB 307ms 0ms gcc 15.1.0
c 5.c 315ms 1.6ms 1.5MB 307ms 0ms zigcc 0.14.1
c 5.c 315ms 1.6ms 2.1MB 310ms 0ms clang 14.0.0-1ubuntu1.1
c 2.c 322ms 4.3ms 2.1MB 317ms 0ms clang 14.0.0-1ubuntu1.1
c 8-i.c 337ms 1.0ms 2.3MB 330ms 0ms gcc 15.1.0

Input: 500000

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
rust 4-i.rs 18ms 0.1ms 1.8MB 10ms 0ms rustc 1.87.0
rust 7-i.rs 24ms 0.5ms 1.8MB 20ms 0ms rustc 1.87.0
rust 1.rs 25ms 0.4ms 1.8MB 20ms 0ms rustc 1.87.0
c 8-i.c 29ms 0.6ms 1.5MB 20ms 0ms zigcc 0.14.1
rust 3.rs 30ms 0.1ms 1.8MB 20ms 0ms rustc 1.89.0-nightly
rust 2.rs 30ms 0.2ms 1.6MB 20ms 0ms rustc 1.87.0
c 8-i.c 33ms 0.2ms 2.1MB 20ms 0ms clang 14.0.0-1ubuntu1.1
c 2.c 33ms 0.3ms 1.5MB 30ms 0ms zigcc 0.14.1
c 5.c 33ms 0.3ms 2.3MB 30ms 0ms gcc 15.1.0
c 5.c 34ms 0.4ms 1.5MB 27ms 0ms zigcc 0.14.1
c 2.c 34ms 0.9ms 2.3MB 27ms 0ms gcc 15.1.0
c 5.c 34ms 1.0ms 2.1MB 30ms 0ms clang 14.0.0-1ubuntu1.1
c 2.c 34ms 0.7ms 2.1MB 30ms 0ms clang 14.0.0-1ubuntu1.1
c 8-i.c 35ms 0.1ms 2.3MB 30ms 0ms gcc 15.1.0

spectral-norm

Input: 8000

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
rust 7-m.rs 493ms 0.4ms 2.1MB 1903ms 3ms rustc 1.87.0
rust 8-m.rs 494ms 3.1ms 2.4MB 1890ms 7ms rustc 1.89.0-nightly
c 3-m.c 736ms 1.2ms 2.0MB 2897ms 0ms gcc 15.1.0
c 6-im.c 951ms 0.7ms 2.0MB 3743ms 0ms gcc 15.1.0
rust 8.rs 993ms 1.1ms 2.3MB 980ms 0ms rustc 1.89.0-nightly
c 4-m.c 999ms 19ms 2.0MB 3907ms 0ms gcc 15.1.0
c 6-im.c 1002ms 3.9ms 3.3MB 3943ms 0ms clang 14.0.0-1ubuntu1.1
c 4-m.c 1132ms 22ms 3.4MB 4423ms 7ms clang 14.0.0-1ubuntu1.1
c 5-im.c 1142ms 1.9ms 2.0MB 4507ms 0ms gcc 15.1.0
c 5-im.c 1330ms 4.1ms 3.3MB 5240ms 0ms clang 14.0.0-1ubuntu1.1
c 3-m.c 1830ms 5.6ms 3.3MB 7220ms 10ms clang 14.0.0-1ubuntu1.1
rust 7.rs 1955ms 10ms 2.0MB 1947ms 0ms rustc 1.87.0
rust 2-m.rs 2077ms 1.2ms 2.3MB 8183ms 0ms rustc 1.87.0
rust 2.rs 4266ms 7.7ms 2.0MB 4257ms 0ms rustc 1.87.0

Input: 4000

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
rust 7-m.rs 127ms 0.1ms 2.1MB 470ms 0ms rustc 1.87.0
rust 8-m.rs 127ms 1.0ms 2.1MB 467ms 3ms rustc 1.89.0-nightly
c 3-m.c 193ms 1.4ms 2.0MB 737ms 0ms gcc 15.1.0
c 6-im.c 247ms 2.2ms 2.0MB 943ms 0ms gcc 15.1.0
rust 8.rs 250ms 0.5ms 2.0MB 240ms 0ms rustc 1.89.0-nightly
c 4-m.c 258ms 0.8ms 2.0MB 990ms 0ms gcc 15.1.0
c 6-im.c 259ms 2.3ms 3.3MB 983ms 0ms clang 14.0.0-1ubuntu1.1
c 4-m.c 290ms 4.2ms 3.1MB 1107ms 0ms clang 14.0.0-1ubuntu1.1
c 5-im.c 303ms 19ms 2.0MB 1153ms 0ms gcc 15.1.0
c 5-im.c 341ms 2.7ms 3.4MB 1310ms 0ms clang 14.0.0-1ubuntu1.1
c 3-m.c 476ms 17ms 3.3MB 1823ms 0ms clang 14.0.0-1ubuntu1.1
rust 7.rs 491ms 2.2ms 1.8MB 480ms 0ms rustc 1.87.0
rust 2-m.rs 522ms 0.1ms 2.1MB 2030ms 0ms rustc 1.87.0
rust 2.rs 1068ms 1.1ms 2.0MB 1060ms 0ms rustc 1.87.0

Input: 2000

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
rust 7-m.rs 35ms 0.3ms 2.1MB 110ms 0ms rustc 1.87.0
rust 8-m.rs 35ms 0.7ms 2.1MB 117ms 0ms rustc 1.89.0-nightly
c 3-m.c 55ms 1.1ms 2.0MB 193ms 0ms gcc 15.1.0
rust 8.rs 66ms 0.4ms 1.9MB 60ms 0ms rustc 1.89.0-nightly
c 6-im.c 70ms 0.8ms 3.3MB 250ms 0ms clang 14.0.0-1ubuntu1.1
c 4-m.c 72ms 0.8ms 2.1MB 260ms 0ms gcc 15.1.0
c 6-im.c 72ms 6.7ms 2.0MB 257ms 0ms gcc 15.1.0
c 4-m.c 78ms 0.4ms 3.1MB 280ms 0ms clang 14.0.0-1ubuntu1.1
c 5-im.c 81ms 0.6ms 2.0MB 297ms 0ms gcc 15.1.0
c 5-im.c 92ms 0.5ms 3.3MB 330ms 0ms clang 14.0.0-1ubuntu1.1
c 3-m.c 123ms 2.1ms 3.4MB 453ms 0ms clang 14.0.0-1ubuntu1.1
rust 7.rs 126ms 2.5ms 1.8MB 120ms 0ms rustc 1.87.0
rust 2-m.rs 134ms 0.3ms 2.0MB 493ms 3ms rustc 1.87.0
rust 2.rs 270ms 1.4ms 1.9MB 260ms 0ms rustc 1.87.0

binarytrees

Input: 18

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
rust 4.rs 1263ms 18ms 33.6MB 1243ms 3ms rustc 1.87.0
rust 5.rs 1337ms 12ms 33.8MB 1313ms 7ms rustc 1.87.0
rust 3.rs 1434ms 36ms 49.8MB 1403ms 17ms rustc 1.87.0

Input: 15

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
rust 4.rs 122ms 2.1ms 5.8MB 110ms 0ms rustc 1.87.0
rust 5.rs 125ms 2.8ms 5.8MB 113ms 0ms rustc 1.87.0
rust 3.rs 137ms 1.7ms 7.8MB 130ms 0ms rustc 1.87.0

coro-prime-sieve

Input: 4000

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
rust 3-m.rs 559ms 49ms 9.1MB 2110ms 60ms rustc 1.87.0
rust 5-m.rs 658ms 6.0ms 5.9MB 2497ms 63ms rustc 1.87.0
rust 1-m.rs 966ms 9.1ms 7.3MB 3573ms 223ms rustc 1.87.0
rust 3.rs 1139ms 7.2ms 9.3MB 1103ms 20ms rustc 1.87.0
rust 4.rs 1950ms 56ms 6.9MB 1937ms 0ms rustc 1.87.0

Input: 1000

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
rust 5-m.rs 52ms 1.1ms 3.3MB 160ms 7ms rustc 1.87.0
rust 3-m.rs 54ms 7.6ms 4.3MB 170ms 10ms rustc 1.87.0
rust 3.rs 72ms 2.6ms 4.0MB 60ms 0ms rustc 1.87.0
rust 1-m.rs 75ms 0.8ms 3.6MB 240ms 20ms rustc 1.87.0
rust 4.rs 119ms 4.2ms 3.1MB 113ms 0ms rustc 1.87.0

edigits

Input: 250001

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
rust 1.rs 121ms 2.9ms 3.6MB 113ms 0ms rustc 1.87.0
rust 2.rs 415ms 1.7ms 3.6MB 407ms 0ms rustc 1.87.0

Input: 100000

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
rust 1.rs 34ms 1.8ms 2.9MB 30ms 0ms rustc 1.87.0
rust 2.rs 77ms 1.3ms 3.0MB 70ms 0ms rustc 1.87.0

fannkuch-redux

Input: 11

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
rust 3-im.rs 410ms 0.9ms 2.0MB 1590ms 0ms rustc 1.87.0
rust 5-m.rs 554ms 6.5ms 2.1MB 2127ms 0ms rustc 1.87.0
rust 2-im.rs 663ms 7.6ms 2.0MB 2550ms 0ms rustc 1.87.0
rust 1-m.rs 966ms 8.0ms 2.0MB 3750ms 0ms rustc 1.87.0
rust 3-i.rs 1498ms 2.8ms 1.9MB 1490ms 0ms rustc 1.87.0
rust 2-i.rs 2404ms 1.8ms 1.8MB 2393ms 0ms rustc 1.87.0
rust 1.rs 2720ms 4.9ms 1.8MB 2710ms 0ms rustc 1.87.0

Input: 10

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
rust 3-im.rs 37ms 0.2ms 2.1MB 123ms 0ms rustc 1.87.0
rust 5-m.rs 51ms 1.3ms 2.0MB 170ms 0ms rustc 1.87.0
rust 2-im.rs 72ms 13ms 2.1MB 200ms 0ms rustc 1.87.0
rust 1-m.rs 85ms 1.4ms 2.1MB 297ms 0ms rustc 1.87.0
rust 3-i.rs 125ms 0.5ms 1.9MB 120ms 0ms rustc 1.87.0
rust 2-i.rs 198ms 0.5ms 1.8MB 190ms 0ms rustc 1.87.0
rust 1.rs 225ms 2.5ms 1.8MB 217ms 0ms rustc 1.87.0

fasta

Input: 2500000

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
rust 6.rs 87ms 2.1ms 2.0MB 80ms 0ms rustc 1.87.0
rust 5c-m.rs 88ms 0.2ms 3.2MB 247ms 0ms rustc 1.87.0
rust 5-m.rs 92ms 1.2ms 3.2MB 283ms 0ms rustc 1.87.0
rust 1c.rs 163ms 1.1ms 1.9MB 150ms 0ms rustc 1.87.0
rust 1.rs 195ms 1.0ms 2.0MB 187ms 0ms rustc 1.87.0

Input: 250000

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
rust 6.rs 11ms 1.2ms 1.9MB 0ms 0ms rustc 1.87.0
rust 5c-m.rs 16ms 0.7ms 3.2MB 20ms 0ms rustc 1.87.0
rust 5-m.rs 16ms 0.4ms 3.2MB 27ms 0ms rustc 1.87.0
rust 1c.rs 18ms 0.1ms 1.9MB 10ms 0ms rustc 1.87.0
rust 1.rs 22ms 0.7ms 1.9MB 17ms 0ms rustc 1.87.0

http-server

Input: 3000

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
rust 1-m.rs 284ms 67ms 73.3MB 163ms 437ms rustc 1.87.0
rust 2-http2.rs 345ms 19ms 53.5MB 813ms 367ms rustc 1.87.0
rust 2-m.rs 418ms 86ms 65.8MB 213ms 777ms rustc 1.87.0
rust 1-http2.rs 491ms 205ms 68.1MB 1267ms 467ms rustc 1.87.0

Input: 500

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
rust 1-m.rs 43ms 3.0ms 17.5MB 20ms 60ms rustc 1.87.0
rust 2-m.rs 83ms 4.6ms 22.9MB 30ms 167ms rustc 1.87.0
rust 1-http2.rs 209ms 59ms 26.9MB 540ms 187ms rustc 1.87.0
rust 2-http2.rs 247ms 14ms 27.1MB 687ms 183ms rustc 1.87.0

json-serde

Input: sample 5000

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
rust 5-i.rs 29ms 1.8ms 9.8MB 20ms 0ms rustc 1.87.0
rust 4-i.rs 31ms 0.8ms 7.9MB 20ms 0ms rustc 1.87.0
rust 2.rs 59ms 2.6ms 33.8MB 37ms 10ms rustc 1.87.0
rust 3.rs 59ms 2.5ms 32.0MB 37ms 7ms rustc 1.87.0
rust 1.rs 99ms 3.4ms 67.4MB 63ms 23ms rustc 1.87.0

Input: canada 15

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
rust 5-i.rs 217ms 2.8ms 53.3MB 190ms 10ms rustc 1.87.0
rust 4-i.rs 259ms 4.8ms 54.5MB 207ms 40ms rustc 1.87.0
rust 2.rs 389ms 5.3ms 238.3MB 283ms 93ms rustc 1.87.0
rust 3.rs 406ms 4.6ms 237.8MB 303ms 90ms rustc 1.87.0
rust 1.rs 684ms 5.4ms 551.8MB 440ms 233ms rustc 1.87.0

knucleotide

Input: 2500000_in

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
c 1-m.c 172ms 2.2ms 23.6MB 403ms 7ms gcc 15.1.0
rust 8-m.rs 218ms 8.0ms 26.9MB 633ms 10ms rustc 1.87.0
c 1-m.c 292ms 0.1ms 25.7MB 1000ms 27ms clang 14.0.0-1ubuntu1.1
rust 8.rs 410ms 12ms 24.3MB 390ms 10ms rustc 1.87.0

Input: 250000_in

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
c 1-m.c 26ms 1.5ms 13.0MB 57ms 3ms gcc 15.1.0
rust 8-m.rs 29ms 1.5ms 16.3MB 60ms 7ms rustc 1.87.0
c 1-m.c 36ms 1.0ms 15.0MB 103ms 0ms clang 14.0.0-1ubuntu1.1
rust 8.rs 55ms 2.0ms 11.4MB 40ms 0ms rustc 1.87.0

lru

Input: 1000 1000000

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
rust 0-unsafe.rs 37ms 4.5ms 1.9MB 27ms 0ms rustc 1.87.0
rust 1.rs 45ms 1.9ms 1.9MB 40ms 0ms rustc 1.87.0

Input: 1000 3000000

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
rust 0-unsafe.rs 144ms 3.7ms 1.8MB 133ms 0ms rustc 1.87.0
rust 1.rs 212ms 30ms 1.9MB 200ms 0ms rustc 1.87.0

Input: 100 500000

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
rust 0-unsafe.rs 23ms 0.6ms 1.8MB 13ms 0ms rustc 1.87.0
rust 1.rs 29ms 0.6ms 1.8MB 20ms 0ms rustc 1.87.0

merkletrees

Input: 17

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
rust 1.rs 690ms 2.4ms 33.8MB 667ms 7ms rustc 1.87.0

Input: 15

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
rust 1.rs 152ms 5.9ms 9.8MB 143ms 0ms rustc 1.87.0

nsieve

Input: 12

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
c 1.c 261ms 9.0ms 40.9MB 243ms 0ms gcc 15.1.0
c 1.c 271ms 2.2ms 41.0MB 257ms 0ms clang 14.0.0-1ubuntu1.1
c 1.c 285ms 5.2ms 40.3MB 270ms 0ms zigcc 0.14.1
rust 1.rs 298ms 3.3ms 40.9MB 283ms 0ms rustc 1.87.0
rust 2.rs 308ms 4.1ms 6.6MB 293ms 0ms rustc 1.87.0

Input: 10

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
c 1.c 53ms 3.0ms 11.7MB 40ms 0ms clang 14.0.0-1ubuntu1.1
c 1.c 55ms 2.4ms 11.6MB 43ms 0ms gcc 15.1.0
c 1.c 58ms 2.2ms 11.0MB 47ms 0ms zigcc 0.14.1
rust 1.rs 64ms 1.3ms 11.6MB 50ms 0ms rustc 1.87.0
rust 2.rs 78ms 1.1ms 2.9MB 70ms 0ms rustc 1.87.0

pidigits

Input: 8000

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
rust 1.rs 1517ms 14ms 2.7MB 1313ms 187ms rustc 1.87.0
rust 2.rs 1714ms 21ms 2.7MB 1633ms 67ms rustc 1.87.0

Input: 4000

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
rust 1.rs 319ms 4.3ms 2.4MB 290ms 13ms rustc 1.87.0
rust 2.rs 381ms 2.2ms 2.4MB 367ms 0ms rustc 1.87.0

regex-redux

Input: 2500000_in

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
rust 7.rs 443ms 4.9ms 78.6MB 457ms 13ms rustc 1.87.0

Input: 250000_in

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
rust 7.rs 50ms 1.8ms 11.6MB 40ms 0ms rustc 1.87.0

secp256k1

Input: 2000

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
rust 0.rs 117ms 3.1ms 1.9MB 110ms 0ms rustc 1.87.0
rust 1.rs 1422ms 8.7ms 1.9MB 1410ms 0ms rustc 1.87.0

Input: 500

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
rust 0.rs 32ms 1.3ms 1.8MB 23ms 0ms rustc 1.87.0
rust 1.rs 359ms 1.5ms 1.9MB 350ms 0ms rustc 1.87.0