Programming Language and compiler
Benchmarks

Go VS Crystal benchmarks

Current benchmark data was generated on Tue Apr 01 2025, full log can be found HERE

CONTRIBUTIONS are WELCOME!

[x86_64][4 cores] AMD EPYC 7763 64-Core Processor (Model 1)

* -m in a file name stands for multi-threading or multi-processing

* -i in a file name stands for direct intrinsics usage. (Usage of simd intrinsics via libraries is not counted)

* -ffi in a file name stands for non-stdlib FFI usage

* (You may find time < time(user) + time(sys) for some non-parallelized programs, the overhead is from GC or JIT compiler, which are allowed to take advantage of multi-cores as that's more close to real-world scenarios.)

binarytrees

Input: 18

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
go 1.go 1240ms 17ms 54.9MB 1220ms 10ms tinygo 0.37.0
crystal 1.cr 1295ms 34ms 64.0MB 1273ms 10ms crystal 1.15.1
go 1-m.go 2400ms 32ms 42.0MB 5317ms 40ms go 1.24.1

Input: 15

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
crystal 1.cr 107ms 2.5ms 10.9MB 93ms 0ms crystal 1.15.1
go 1.go 112ms 0.9ms 5.6MB 100ms 0ms tinygo 0.37.0
go 1-m.go 212ms 1.0ms 8.2MB 377ms 10ms go 1.24.1

coro-prime-sieve

Input: 4000

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
go 1-m.go 560ms 31ms 15.5MB 2190ms 0ms go 1.24.1
go 1.go 752ms 8.4ms 268.3MB 693ms 43ms tinygo 0.37.0
crystal 1.cr 1270ms 70ms 19.6MB 1200ms 53ms crystal 1.15.1

Input: 1000

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
go 1-m.go 46ms 14ms 7.4MB 157ms 0ms go 1.24.1
go 1.go 70ms 0.3ms 68.6MB 50ms 10ms tinygo 0.37.0
crystal 1.cr 72ms 1.4ms 7.0MB 50ms 10ms crystal 1.15.1

edigits

Input: 250001

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
crystal 1.cr 60ms 1.5ms 6.5MB 43ms 3ms crystal 1.15.1
go 1.go 118ms 1.3ms 8.6MB 110ms 0ms go 1.24.1

Input: 100000

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
crystal 1.cr 22ms 0.5ms 5.0MB 10ms 0ms crystal 1.15.1
go 1.go 34ms 0.9ms 8.2MB 30ms 0ms go 1.24.1

fannkuch-redux

Input: 11

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
go 3-m.go 673ms 0.8ms 3.5MB 2597ms 0ms go 1.24.1
go 3.go 2018ms 1.1ms 49.0MB 2000ms 7ms tinygo 0.37.0
crystal 1.cr 2504ms 1.5ms 2.8MB 2497ms 0ms crystal 1.15.1

Input: 10

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
go 3-m.go 73ms 0.5ms 5.5MB 200ms 0ms go 1.24.1
go 3.go 191ms 1.6ms 49.2MB 173ms 3ms tinygo 0.37.0
crystal 1.cr 207ms 1.1ms 2.8MB 200ms 0ms crystal 1.15.1

fasta

Input: 2500000

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
go 3-m.go 126ms 0.9ms 5.5MB 377ms 0ms go 1.24.1
crystal 2.cr 556ms 1.6ms 3.4MB 453ms 90ms crystal 1.15.1
crystal 1.cr 697ms 1.0ms 14.4MB 580ms 103ms crystal 1.15.1

Input: 250000

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
go 3-m.go 17ms 0.8ms 7.4MB 33ms 0ms go 1.24.1
crystal 2.cr 60ms 1.1ms 3.5MB 43ms 7ms crystal 1.15.1
crystal 1.cr 75ms 1.3ms 4.8MB 53ms 7ms crystal 1.15.1

helloworld

Input: QwQ

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
go 1.go 0.9ms 0.1ms 0.4MB 0ms 0ms tinygo 0.37.0
go 1.go 1.5ms 0.1ms 3.4MB 0ms 0ms go 1.24.1
crystal 1.cr 1.9ms 0.2ms 2.8MB 0ms 0ms crystal 1.15.1

http-server

Input: 3000

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
go 1-http2.go 123ms 3.0ms 55.9MB 340ms 83ms go 1.24.1
go 1-m.go 281ms 232ms 166.7MB 700ms 635ms go 1.24.1
go 2-m.go 420ms 15ms 170.6MB 657ms 683ms go 1.24.1
crystal 1.cr 2178ms 337ms 255.0MB 320ms 493ms crystal 1.15.1

Input: 500

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
go 1-http2.go 29ms 1.1ms 25.6MB 53ms 20ms go 1.24.1
go 1-m.go 64ms 13ms 36.5MB 90ms 93ms go 1.24.1
go 2-m.go 72ms 5.0ms 33.4MB 90ms 97ms go 1.24.1
crystal 1.cr 1254ms 106ms 59.5MB 33ms 83ms crystal 1.15.1

json-serde

Input: sample 5000

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
go 2-ffi.go 47ms 1.0ms 41.1MB 40ms 3ms go 1.24.1
go 1.go 143ms 5.9ms 18.7MB 137ms 0ms go 1.24.1

Input: canada 15

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
go 2-ffi.go 250ms 4.9ms 162.8MB 240ms 40ms go 1.24.1
go 1.go 760ms 2.0ms 105.0MB 750ms 13ms go 1.24.1

knucleotide

Input: 2500000_in

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
go 7-m.go 676ms 7.8ms 39.2MB 2383ms 20ms go 1.24.1

Input: 250000_in

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
go 7-m.go 132ms 4.5ms 22.4MB 350ms 20ms go 1.24.1

lru

Input: 1000 1000000

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
crystal 0-unsafe.cr 36ms 1.5ms 2.9MB 30ms 0ms crystal 1.15.1
crystal 1.cr 65ms 1.9ms 2.9MB 57ms 0ms crystal 1.15.1
go 3.go 121ms 0.7ms 3.5MB 110ms 0ms go 1.24.1
go 3.go 133ms 2.7ms 0.5MB 127ms 0ms tinygo 0.37.0

Input: 1000 3000000

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
crystal 0-unsafe.cr 99ms 0.6ms 2.9MB 90ms 0ms crystal 1.15.1
crystal 1.cr 185ms 2.9ms 2.9MB 173ms 0ms crystal 1.15.1
go 3.go 391ms 13ms 0.5MB 383ms 0ms tinygo 0.37.0
go 3.go 396ms 6.3ms 3.5MB 387ms 0ms go 1.24.1

Input: 100 500000

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
crystal 0-unsafe.cr 18ms 0.5ms 2.9MB 10ms 0ms crystal 1.15.1
crystal 1.cr 31ms 1.5ms 2.9MB 20ms 0ms crystal 1.15.1
go 3.go 51ms 0.5ms 3.5MB 40ms 0ms go 1.24.1
go 3.go 66ms 2.6ms 0.4MB 60ms 0ms tinygo 0.37.0

mandelbrot

Input: 5000

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
crystal 1.cr 314ms 1.6ms 9.2MB 300ms 0ms crystal 1.15.1
go 1.go 3231ms 8.7ms 5.7MB 3223ms 0ms go 1.24.1
go 1.go 4075ms 13ms 3.4MB 4067ms 0ms tinygo 0.37.0

Input: 1000

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
crystal 1.cr 18ms 0.2ms 6.4MB 10ms 0ms crystal 1.15.1
go 1.go 142ms 0.6ms 3.6MB 130ms 0ms go 1.24.1
go 1.go 175ms 4.7ms 0.5MB 167ms 0ms tinygo 0.37.0

merkletrees

Input: 17

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
go 1.go 830ms 47ms 63.1MB 810ms 7ms tinygo 0.37.0
crystal 1.cr 880ms 9.8ms 64.0MB 860ms 7ms crystal 1.15.1
go 2.go 1142ms 24ms 55.0MB 1123ms 7ms tinygo 0.37.0
go 1-m.go 1484ms 11ms 49.2MB 3163ms 40ms go 1.24.1
go 2-m.go 1707ms 26ms 42.9MB 3750ms 37ms go 1.24.1

Input: 15

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
crystal 1.cr 164ms 2.8ms 22.1MB 147ms 0ms crystal 1.15.1
go 1.go 179ms 3.9ms 9.8MB 163ms 0ms tinygo 0.37.0
go 2.go 217ms 6.8ms 17.1MB 203ms 3ms tinygo 0.37.0
go 1-m.go 334ms 0.8ms 12.2MB 673ms 23ms go 1.24.1
go 2-m.go 381ms 5.1ms 14.1MB 803ms 30ms go 1.24.1

nbody

Input: 5000000

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
crystal 2.cr 345ms 1.0ms 3.3MB 337ms 0ms crystal 1.15.1
crystal 1.cr 346ms 1.2ms 3.3MB 333ms 0ms crystal 1.15.1
go 1.go 347ms 1.9ms 0.4MB 340ms 0ms tinygo 0.37.0
go 1.go 352ms 2.3ms 3.5MB 340ms 0ms go 1.24.1

Input: 500000

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
go 1.go 38ms 0.1ms 0.4MB 30ms 0ms tinygo 0.37.0
crystal 2.cr 38ms 1.0ms 3.1MB 30ms 0ms crystal 1.15.1
go 1.go 39ms 0.7ms 3.5MB 30ms 0ms go 1.24.1
crystal 1.cr 39ms 1.6ms 3.1MB 30ms 0ms crystal 1.15.1

nsieve

Input: 12

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
go 1.go 297ms 12ms 39.5MB 283ms 0ms tinygo 0.37.0
crystal 2.cr 305ms 5.0ms 8.1MB 293ms 0ms crystal 1.15.1
go 1.go 312ms 4.5ms 71.7MB 297ms 3ms go 1.24.1
crystal 1.cr 425ms 1.3ms 42.3MB 410ms 0ms crystal 1.15.1
go 2.go 429ms 3.5ms 21.7MB 417ms 0ms tinygo 0.37.0
go 2.go 747ms 3.3ms 21.7MB 733ms 7ms go 1.24.1

Input: 10

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
go 1.go 55ms 3.6ms 10.5MB 47ms 0ms tinygo 0.37.0
go 1.go 62ms 3.0ms 21.6MB 53ms 0ms go 1.24.1
crystal 2.cr 77ms 1.5ms 4.4MB 67ms 0ms crystal 1.15.1
crystal 1.cr 91ms 3.5ms 13.0MB 83ms 0ms crystal 1.15.1
go 2.go 107ms 2.9ms 5.0MB 100ms 0ms tinygo 0.37.0
go 2.go 184ms 1.1ms 5.8MB 173ms 0ms go 1.24.1

pidigits

Input: 8000

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
go 8.go 1188ms 11ms 8.7MB 1177ms 0ms go 1.24.1
crystal 1.cr 1938ms 39ms 6.1MB 1910ms 13ms crystal 1.15.1

Input: 4000

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
go 8.go 284ms 2.5ms 8.6MB 270ms 0ms go 1.24.1
crystal 1.cr 472ms 18ms 5.0MB 457ms 0ms crystal 1.15.1

regex-redux

Input: 2500000_in

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
go 3.go timeout 0.0ms 126.2MB 4980ms 43ms go 1.24.1
go 3.go timeout 0.0ms 122.0MB 4977ms 7ms tinygo 0.37.0

Input: 250000_in

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
go 3.go 1761ms 14ms 20.5MB 1747ms 23ms go 1.24.1
go 3.go 2270ms 10ms 27.6MB 2260ms 0ms tinygo 0.37.0

secp256k1

Input: 2000

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
go 0-ffi.go 91ms 0.3ms 5.2MB 80ms 0ms go 1.24.1

Input: 500

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
go 0-ffi.go 27ms 0.7ms 5.2MB 20ms 0ms go 1.24.1

spectral-norm

Input: 8000

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
go 4-m.go 1910ms 19ms 5.5MB 7410ms 3ms go 1.24.1
go 1.go 3664ms 9.1ms 5.6MB 3657ms 0ms go 1.24.1
crystal 1.cr 3796ms 8.1ms 4.5MB 3787ms 0ms crystal 1.15.1
go 1.go timeout 0.0ms 0.5MB 4990ms 0ms tinygo 0.37.0

Input: 4000

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
go 4-m.go 491ms 16ms 5.5MB 1820ms 0ms go 1.24.1
go 1.go 918ms 2.8ms 3.5MB 910ms 0ms go 1.24.1
crystal 1.cr 953ms 3.3ms 4.3MB 940ms 0ms crystal 1.15.1
go 1.go 1397ms 0.8ms 0.5MB 1390ms 0ms tinygo 0.37.0

Input: 2000

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
go 4-m.go 126ms 0.8ms 5.5MB 453ms 0ms go 1.24.1
go 1.go 234ms 0.7ms 3.5MB 227ms 0ms go 1.24.1
crystal 1.cr 242ms 2.7ms 3.8MB 230ms 0ms crystal 1.15.1
go 1.go 352ms 0.6ms 0.4MB 340ms 0ms tinygo 0.37.0