Programming Language and compiler
Benchmarks

Dart VS Kotlin benchmarks

Current benchmark data was generated on Mon May 19 2025, full log can be found HERE

CONTRIBUTIONS are WELCOME!

[x86_64][4 cores] AMD EPYC 7763 64-Core Processor (Model 1)

* -m in a file name stands for multi-threading or multi-processing

* -i in a file name stands for direct intrinsics usage. (Usage of simd intrinsics via libraries is not counted)

* -ffi in a file name stands for non-stdlib FFI usage

* (You may find time < time(user) + time(sys) for some non-parallelized programs, the overhead is from GC or JIT compiler, which are allowed to take advantage of multi-cores as that's more close to real-world scenarios.)

binarytrees

Input: 18

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
kotlin 1.kt 491ms 9.8ms 576.6MB 603ms 80ms kotlin/jvm 21
dart 1.dart 721ms 1.9ms 80.9MB 697ms 33ms dart/exe 3.7.3
kotlin 1.kt 4175ms 24ms 143.7MB 4367ms 73ms kotlin/native 2.1.20

Input: 15

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
dart 1.dart 75ms 0.6ms 42.8MB 53ms 13ms dart/exe 3.7.3
kotlin 1.kt 121ms 0.9ms 159.3MB 150ms 30ms kotlin/jvm 21
kotlin 1.kt 235ms 15ms 17.6MB 240ms 7ms kotlin/native 2.1.20

coro-prime-sieve

Input: 4000

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
kotlin 2-m.kt 1893ms 160ms 233.8MB 7030ms 100ms kotlin/jvm 21
kotlin 1.kt 2169ms 49ms 220.1MB 3017ms 67ms kotlin/jvm 21
kotlin 2-m.kt 4283ms 17ms 21.6MB 14280ms 553ms kotlin/native 2.1.20
dart 1.dart 4878ms 14ms 19.5MB 5357ms 80ms dart/exe 3.7.3
kotlin 1.kt timeout 0.0ms 17.4MB 5517ms 30ms kotlin/native 2.1.20

Input: 1000

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
kotlin 2-m.kt 248ms 4.5ms 21.1MB 837ms 40ms kotlin/native 2.1.20
dart 1.dart 336ms 3.6ms 10.6MB 333ms 13ms dart/exe 3.7.3
kotlin 1.kt 395ms 2.7ms 17.4MB 403ms 7ms kotlin/native 2.1.20
kotlin 1-m.kt 495ms 6.5ms 76.4MB 1130ms 40ms kotlin/jvm 21
kotlin 2-m.kt 920ms 72ms 97.4MB 3233ms 77ms kotlin/jvm 21

edigits

Input: 250001

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
dart 1.dart 3690ms 7.6ms 18.4MB 3657ms 30ms dart/exe 3.7.3

Input: 100000

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
dart 1.dart 603ms 1.9ms 10.5MB 583ms 13ms dart/exe 3.7.3

fannkuch-redux

Input: 11

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
dart 2.dart 2720ms 13ms 6.5MB 2710ms 0ms dart/exe 3.7.3

Input: 10

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
dart 2.dart 225ms 2.5ms 6.1MB 213ms 0ms dart/exe 3.7.3

fasta

Input: 2500000

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
dart 1.dart 359ms 2.9ms 8.8MB 343ms 0ms dart/exe 3.7.3

Input: 250000

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
dart 1.dart 42ms 0.6ms 8.8MB 30ms 0ms dart/exe 3.7.3

helloworld

Input: QwQ

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
kotlin 1.kt 2.1ms 0.2ms 3.0MB 0ms 0ms kotlin/native 2.1.20
dart 1.dart 3.7ms 0.2ms 5.6MB 0ms 0ms dart/exe 3.7.3
kotlin 1.kt 64ms 5.9ms 47.6MB 78ms 18ms kotlin/jvm 21

http-server

Input: 3000

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
dart 2-m.dart 1314ms 18ms 94.5MB 1323ms 1417ms dart/exe 3.7.3
kotlin 2-m.kt 1613ms 2795ms 455.2MB 15463ms 2483ms kotlin/jvm 21
dart 1.dart 4483ms 186ms 97.9MB 1553ms 1583ms dart/exe 3.7.3
kotlin 1.kt timeout 0.0ms 427.0MB 16450ms 2593ms kotlin/jvm 21

Input: 500

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
dart 2-m.dart 244ms 9.9ms 49.9MB 187ms 257ms dart/exe 3.7.3
kotlin 1-m.kt 2080ms 193ms 220.2MB 5967ms 640ms kotlin/jvm 21
kotlin 2-m.kt 2084ms 210ms 242.8MB 5633ms 620ms kotlin/jvm 21
dart 1.dart 2304ms 24ms 50.0MB 183ms 253ms dart/exe 3.7.3

json-serde

Input: sample 5000

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
dart 1.dart 165ms 3.1ms 53.9MB 140ms 17ms dart/exe 3.7.3
kotlin 1-m.kt 776ms 95ms 175.3MB 2097ms 80ms kotlin/jvm 21

Input: canada 15

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
dart 1.dart 1502ms 16ms 204.3MB 1757ms 103ms dart/exe 3.7.3
kotlin 1-m.kt 1835ms 40ms 693.1MB 4310ms 167ms kotlin/jvm 21

knucleotide

Input: 2500000_in

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
dart 3-m.dart 1184ms 23ms 270.9MB 3657ms 107ms dart/exe 3.7.3

Input: 250000_in

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
dart 3-m.dart 228ms 9.3ms 186.8MB 540ms 70ms dart/exe 3.7.3

lru

Input: 1000 1000000

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
kotlin 2.kt 168ms 4.4ms 12.4MB 170ms 0ms kotlin/native 2.1.20
dart 2.dart 171ms 2.6ms 9.1MB 160ms 0ms dart/exe 3.7.3
kotlin 1-m.kt 192ms 2.4ms 94.9MB 323ms 20ms kotlin/jvm 21
kotlin 2-m.kt 209ms 14ms 101.4MB 453ms 43ms kotlin/jvm 21
kotlin 1.kt 353ms 2.2ms 12.5MB 353ms 0ms kotlin/native 2.1.20
dart 1.dart 491ms 3.1ms 9.4MB 477ms 0ms dart/exe 3.7.3

Input: 1000 3000000

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
kotlin 2-m.kt 313ms 0.5ms 214.0MB 540ms 50ms kotlin/jvm 21
kotlin 1.kt 340ms 2.2ms 203.2MB 463ms 37ms kotlin/jvm 21
kotlin 2.kt 474ms 3.0ms 12.4MB 500ms 7ms kotlin/native 2.1.20
dart 2.dart 493ms 3.6ms 9.1MB 483ms 0ms dart/exe 3.7.3
kotlin 1.kt 1035ms 8.5ms 12.4MB 1070ms 0ms kotlin/native 2.1.20
dart 1.dart 1457ms 2.8ms 9.4MB 1440ms 10ms dart/exe 3.7.3

Input: 100 500000

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
dart 2.dart 80ms 0.7ms 9.4MB 70ms 0ms dart/exe 3.7.3
kotlin 2.kt 95ms 0.4ms 12.8MB 87ms 3ms kotlin/native 2.1.20
dart 1.dart 110ms 1.1ms 8.6MB 100ms 0ms dart/exe 3.7.3
kotlin 1.kt 121ms 0.9ms 12.8MB 110ms 0ms kotlin/native 2.1.20
kotlin 1-m.kt 153ms 3.0ms 90.4MB 287ms 30ms kotlin/jvm 21
kotlin 2-m.kt 169ms 8.2ms 95.6MB 340ms 30ms kotlin/jvm 21

merkletrees

Input: 17

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
dart 1.dart 323ms 3.2ms 63.8MB 300ms 27ms dart/exe 3.7.3
kotlin 1.kt 395ms 2.5ms 678.6MB 450ms 83ms kotlin/jvm 21
kotlin 1.kt 2036ms 172ms 90.1MB 2113ms 47ms kotlin/native 2.1.20

Input: 15

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
dart 1.dart 84ms 0.3ms 43.8MB 60ms 17ms dart/exe 3.7.3
kotlin 1-m.kt 155ms 2.4ms 207.3MB 203ms 50ms kotlin/jvm 21
kotlin 1.kt 293ms 4.6ms 25.6MB 297ms 10ms kotlin/native 2.1.20

nbody

Input: 5000000

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
kotlin 1n.kt 353ms 3.9ms 3.6MB 343ms 0ms kotlin/native 2.1.20
dart 3.dart 407ms 2.9ms 6.3MB 400ms 0ms dart/exe 3.7.3
kotlin 1.kt 445ms 1.8ms 49.2MB 490ms 20ms kotlin/jvm 21

Input: 500000

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
kotlin 1n.kt 39ms 0.2ms 3.6MB 30ms 0ms kotlin/native 2.1.20
dart 3.dart 45ms 0.5ms 6.5MB 40ms 0ms dart/exe 3.7.3
kotlin 1-m.kt 121ms 2.3ms 49.4MB 170ms 20ms kotlin/jvm 21

pidigits

Input: 8000

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
dart 2.dart 1353ms 16ms 14.9MB 1320ms 33ms dart/exe 3.7.3
kotlin 1.kt 3724ms 64ms 352.5MB 4500ms 100ms kotlin/jvm 21
kotlin 1n.kt timeout 0.0ms 26.3MB 3990ms 1497ms kotlin/native 2.1.20
kotlin 2n.kt timeout 0.0ms 30.6MB 5130ms 127ms kotlin/native 2.1.20

Input: 4000

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
dart 2.dart 333ms 6.3ms 14.8MB 317ms 10ms dart/exe 3.7.3
kotlin 1-m.kt 1018ms 20ms 353.5MB 1703ms 90ms kotlin/jvm 21
kotlin 1n.kt timeout 0.0ms 26.7MB 3990ms 1510ms kotlin/native 2.1.20
kotlin 2n.kt timeout 0.0ms 30.6MB 5113ms 130ms kotlin/native 2.1.20

regex-redux

Input: 2500000_in

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
dart 1.dart timeout 0.0ms 188.1MB 4980ms 57ms dart/exe 3.7.3
kotlin 1.kt timeout 0.0ms 173.6MB 5407ms 47ms kotlin/jvm 21
kotlin 1n.kt timeout 0.0ms 226.8MB 5080ms 117ms kotlin/native 2.1.20

Input: 250000_in

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
dart 1.dart 582ms 23ms 43.1MB 553ms 13ms dart/exe 3.7.3
kotlin 1-m.kt 839ms 12ms 134.6MB 1270ms 40ms kotlin/jvm 21
kotlin 1n.kt 3231ms 31ms 51.1MB 3300ms 70ms kotlin/native 2.1.20

spectral-norm

Input: 8000

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
dart 1.dart 3808ms 27ms 6.5MB 3793ms 0ms dart/exe 3.7.3
dart 2.dart 4346ms 9.0ms 6.4MB 4337ms 0ms dart/exe 3.7.3

Input: 4000

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
dart 1.dart 946ms 2.6ms 6.3MB 933ms 0ms dart/exe 3.7.3
dart 2.dart 1093ms 4.1ms 6.3MB 1083ms 0ms dart/exe 3.7.3

Input: 2000

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
dart 1.dart 240ms 0.4ms 6.3MB 230ms 0ms dart/exe 3.7.3
dart 2.dart 277ms 1.0ms 6.3MB 270ms 0ms dart/exe 3.7.3