Programming Language and compiler
Benchmarks

Dart VS Java benchmarks

Current benchmark data was generated on Mon Apr 14 2025, full log can be found HERE

CONTRIBUTIONS are WELCOME!

[x86_64][4 cores] AMD EPYC 7763 64-Core Processor (Model 1)

* -m in a file name stands for multi-threading or multi-processing

* -i in a file name stands for direct intrinsics usage. (Usage of simd intrinsics via libraries is not counted)

* -ffi in a file name stands for non-stdlib FFI usage

* (You may find time < time(user) + time(sys) for some non-parallelized programs, the overhead is from GC or JIT compiler, which are allowed to take advantage of multi-cores as that's more close to real-world scenarios.)

binarytrees

Input: 18

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
java 2.java 461ms 12ms 574.0MB 563ms 83ms openjdk 21
java 2.java 480ms 4.7ms 624.4MB 600ms 97ms openjdk 23
java 2-m.java 481ms 6.8ms 642.9MB 670ms 120ms graal/jvm 17.0.8
dart 1.dart 726ms 7.5ms 80.8MB 697ms 40ms dart/exe 3.7.2
java 2.java 1174ms 6.5ms 1067.3MB 593ms 750ms openjdk/zgc 21

Input: 15

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
dart 1.dart 76ms 1.2ms 42.9MB 50ms 13ms dart/exe 3.7.2
java 2.java 125ms 2.4ms 165.6MB 157ms 30ms openjdk 21
java 2.java 135ms 5.3ms 96.2MB 173ms 27ms openjdk 23
java 2-m.java 150ms 5.9ms 224.4MB 227ms 53ms graal/jvm 17.0.8
java 2.java 304ms 2.2ms 241.6MB 157ms 203ms openjdk/zgc 21

coro-prime-sieve

Input: 4000

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
java 1-m.java 2190ms 231ms 262.9MB 8233ms 147ms openjdk 21
java 1-m.java 2460ms 195ms 242.5MB 9323ms 150ms openjdk 23
java 1-m.java 2832ms 160ms 1240.0MB 9087ms 1107ms openjdk/zgc 21
dart 1.dart 4874ms 23ms 19.4MB 5347ms 77ms dart/exe 3.7.2

Input: 1000

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
dart 1.dart 338ms 3.7ms 10.3MB 340ms 13ms dart/exe 3.7.2
java 1-m.java 447ms 11ms 94.5MB 1460ms 67ms openjdk 23
java 1-m.java 509ms 45ms 129.8MB 1697ms 60ms openjdk 21
java 1-m.java 673ms 33ms 223.7MB 1810ms 260ms openjdk/zgc 21

edigits

Input: 250001

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
java 1-m.java 602ms 20ms 252.0MB 1633ms 80ms openjdk 23
java 1-m.java 610ms 7.7ms 359.7MB 1183ms 103ms graal/jvm 17.0.8
java 1-m.java 655ms 49ms 272.1MB 1740ms 67ms openjdk 21
java 1-m.java 974ms 35ms 534.3MB 1660ms 427ms openjdk/zgc 21
dart 1.dart 3672ms 17ms 18.0MB 3643ms 27ms dart/exe 3.7.2

Input: 100000

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
java 1-m.java 302ms 9.7ms 225.8MB 597ms 70ms graal/jvm 17.0.8
java 1-m.java 359ms 29ms 177.5MB 990ms 50ms openjdk 21
java 1-m.java 391ms 36ms 126.0MB 1060ms 57ms openjdk 23
java 1-m.java 540ms 11ms 215.3MB 1083ms 223ms openjdk/zgc 21
dart 1.dart 602ms 2.4ms 10.4MB 577ms 17ms dart/exe 3.7.2

fannkuch-redux

Input: 11

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
java 1-m.java 911ms 6.0ms 96.1MB 3347ms 33ms graal/jvm 17.0.8
java 1-m.java 953ms 33ms 48.3MB 3547ms 20ms openjdk 21
java 1-m.java 980ms 19ms 51.0MB 3597ms 23ms openjdk 23
java 1-m.java 1046ms 9.7ms 45.8MB 3413ms 143ms openjdk/zgc 21
dart 2.dart 2725ms 4.7ms 6.3MB 2717ms 0ms dart/exe 3.7.2

Input: 10

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
java 1-m.java 184ms 2.3ms 48.2MB 500ms 20ms openjdk 21
java 1-m.java 197ms 4.9ms 96.2MB 543ms 40ms graal/jvm 17.0.8
java 1-m.java 199ms 6.2ms 50.0MB 510ms 23ms openjdk 23
dart 2.dart 223ms 3.1ms 6.3MB 210ms 0ms dart/exe 3.7.2
java 1-m.java 312ms 5.2ms 45.8MB 507ms 143ms openjdk/zgc 21

fasta

Input: 2500000

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
dart 1.dart 362ms 1.9ms 8.6MB 350ms 0ms dart/exe 3.7.2
java 4.java 446ms 6.7ms 102.7MB 630ms 37ms graal/jvm 17.0.8
java 4.java 453ms 2.9ms 47.7MB 537ms 17ms openjdk 21
java 4.java 462ms 5.5ms 49.0MB 553ms 20ms openjdk 23
java 4.java 574ms 8.7ms 45.3MB 550ms 140ms openjdk/zgc 21

Input: 250000

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
dart 1.dart 43ms 0.6ms 8.9MB 30ms 0ms dart/exe 3.7.2
java 4.java 125ms 2.4ms 46.7MB 167ms 20ms openjdk 21
java 4.java 134ms 2.5ms 47.9MB 180ms 20ms openjdk 23
java 4-m.java 134ms 4.6ms 91.8MB 193ms 37ms graal/jvm 17.0.8
java 4.java 250ms 3.6ms 43.9MB 170ms 137ms openjdk/zgc 21

helloworld

Input: QwQ

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
dart 1.dart 3.4ms 0.2ms 5.1MB 0ms 0ms dart/exe 3.7.2
java 1.java 63ms 1.5ms 52.7MB 70ms 20ms graal/jvm 17.0.8
java 1.java 72ms 3.3ms 44.4MB 74ms 20ms openjdk 23
java 1.java 73ms 1.7ms 43.8MB 80ms 14ms openjdk 21
java 1.java 193ms 6.2ms 43.0MB 84ms 140ms openjdk/zgc 21

http-server

Input: 3000

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
dart 2-m.dart 1430ms 30ms 94.6MB 1343ms 1570ms dart/exe 3.7.2
dart 1.dart 4570ms 155ms 103.6MB 1527ms 1790ms dart/exe 3.7.2

Input: 500

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
dart 2-m.dart 264ms 3.6ms 50.1MB 190ms 297ms dart/exe 3.7.2
dart 1.dart 2030ms 503ms 50.5MB 167ms 273ms dart/exe 3.7.2

json-serde

Input: sample 5000

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
dart 1.dart 165ms 2.5ms 53.4MB 140ms 20ms dart/exe 3.7.2

Input: canada 15

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
dart 1.dart 1499ms 19ms 205.3MB 1737ms 110ms dart/exe 3.7.2

knucleotide

Input: 2500000_in

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
java 3-m.java 1010ms 47ms 129.8MB 3437ms 37ms openjdk 21
dart 3-m.dart 1093ms 17ms 274.3MB 3243ms 97ms dart/exe 3.7.2
java 3-m.java 1095ms 25ms 156.9MB 3717ms 67ms openjdk 23
java 3-m.java 1123ms 19ms 177.6MB 3827ms 70ms graal/jvm 17.0.8
java 3-m.java 1402ms 51ms 179.1MB 4423ms 200ms openjdk/zgc 21

Input: 250000_in

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
dart 3-m.dart 204ms 3.3ms 195.2MB 510ms 63ms dart/exe 3.7.2
java 3-m.java 346ms 19ms 139.5MB 977ms 53ms graal/jvm 17.0.8
java 3-m.java 346ms 13ms 101.8MB 1000ms 40ms openjdk 21
java 3-m.java 346ms 17ms 89.2MB 1033ms 43ms openjdk 23
java 3-m.java 436ms 1.7ms 98.6MB 903ms 170ms openjdk/zgc 21

lru

Input: 1000 1000000

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
dart 2.dart 163ms 5.4ms 9.4MB 153ms 0ms dart/exe 3.7.2
dart 1.dart 498ms 2.6ms 9.3MB 490ms 0ms dart/exe 3.7.2

Input: 1000 3000000

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
dart 2.dart 476ms 1.7ms 9.3MB 463ms 0ms dart/exe 3.7.2
dart 1.dart 1484ms 9.2ms 9.3MB 1467ms 3ms dart/exe 3.7.2

Input: 100 500000

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
dart 2.dart 77ms 1.0ms 9.5MB 67ms 0ms dart/exe 3.7.2
dart 1.dart 117ms 0.8ms 8.6MB 103ms 0ms dart/exe 3.7.2

merkletrees

Input: 17

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
dart 1.dart 314ms 2.9ms 63.6MB 290ms 20ms dart/exe 3.7.2
java 1.java 413ms 2.5ms 537.5MB 517ms 87ms openjdk 23
java 1.java 423ms 5.1ms 677.8MB 480ms 113ms openjdk 21
java 1-m.java 427ms 10ms 641.7MB 603ms 127ms graal/jvm 17.0.8
java 1.java 1047ms 30ms 965.9MB 463ms 723ms openjdk/zgc 21

Input: 15

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
dart 1.dart 83ms 1.2ms 43.8MB 60ms 13ms dart/exe 3.7.2
java 1-m.java 171ms 3.8ms 206.1MB 240ms 50ms openjdk 21
java 1-m.java 171ms 0.9ms 158.6MB 250ms 43ms openjdk 23
java 1-m.java 215ms 11ms 253.5MB 353ms 63ms graal/jvm 17.0.8
java 1.java 424ms 13ms 341.9MB 223ms 283ms openjdk/zgc 21

nbody

Input: 5000000

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
dart 3.dart 406ms 0.2ms 6.5MB 397ms 0ms dart/exe 3.7.2
java 1.java 449ms 6.5ms 81.4MB 477ms 30ms graal/jvm 17.0.8
java 1.java 451ms 0.4ms 48.3MB 487ms 17ms openjdk 23
java 1.java 457ms 15ms 45.3MB 490ms 17ms openjdk 21
java 1.java 571ms 1.4ms 44.9MB 493ms 137ms openjdk/zgc 21
java 2.java 1260ms 11ms 640.1MB 1390ms 87ms openjdk 21
java 2.java 1275ms 9.1ms 826.3MB 1380ms 123ms openjdk 23
java 2.java 3279ms 125ms 2446.0MB 1647ms 1853ms openjdk/zgc 21

Input: 500000

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
dart 3.dart 46ms 1.1ms 6.3MB 40ms 0ms dart/exe 3.7.2
java 1.java 118ms 2.8ms 81.5MB 143ms 30ms graal/jvm 17.0.8
java 1.java 123ms 2.0ms 45.2MB 163ms 20ms openjdk 21
java 1.java 124ms 4.2ms 48.2MB 157ms 20ms openjdk 23
java 1.java 251ms 4.1ms 44.9MB 173ms 140ms openjdk/zgc 21
java 2-m.java 305ms 5.3ms 394.5MB 447ms 60ms openjdk 21
java 2-m.java 328ms 5.1ms 392.1MB 470ms 70ms openjdk 23
java 2.java 687ms 2.7ms 524.4MB 477ms 407ms openjdk/zgc 21

pidigits

Input: 8000

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
dart 2.dart 1341ms 4.8ms 14.6MB 1313ms 30ms dart/exe 3.7.2
java 1.java 3224ms 1.3ms 443.5MB 3647ms 100ms graal/jvm 17.0.8
java 1.java 3724ms 86ms 425.6MB 4620ms 100ms openjdk 21
java 1.java 3773ms 21ms 441.7MB 4677ms 123ms openjdk 23
java 1.java timeout 0.0ms 1810.6MB 4800ms 1133ms openjdk/zgc 21

Input: 4000

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
dart 2.dart 331ms 2.9ms 14.8MB 307ms 17ms dart/exe 3.7.2
java 1.java 896ms 7.7ms 441.5MB 1250ms 83ms graal/jvm 17.0.8
java 1-m.java 1025ms 8.5ms 437.3MB 1870ms 107ms openjdk 23
java 1-m.java 1037ms 25ms 375.5MB 1830ms 100ms openjdk 21
java 1.java 2051ms 1.9ms 1354.1MB 1723ms 1100ms openjdk/zgc 21

regex-redux

Input: 2500000_in

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
dart 1.dart timeout 0.0ms 188.0MB 4990ms 43ms dart/exe 3.7.2
java 3.java timeout 0.0ms 398.2MB 5417ms 97ms graal/jvm 17.0.8
java 3.java timeout 0.0ms 302.2MB 5330ms 53ms openjdk 21
java 3.java timeout 0.0ms 304.6MB 5330ms 63ms openjdk 23
java 3.java timeout 0.0ms 466.7MB 4970ms 297ms openjdk/zgc 21

Input: 250000_in

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
dart 1.dart 561ms 17ms 43.3MB 543ms 10ms dart/exe 3.7.2
java 3-m.java 780ms 24ms 175.7MB 1163ms 50ms graal/jvm 17.0.8
java 3-m.java 800ms 6.0ms 131.0MB 1180ms 30ms openjdk 21
java 3-m.java 844ms 52ms 132.6MB 1283ms 40ms openjdk 23
java 3.java 995ms 16ms 134.2MB 1203ms 190ms openjdk/zgc 21

spectral-norm

Input: 8000

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
java 2-m.java 1996ms 8.8ms 47.7MB 7623ms 27ms openjdk 21
java 2-m.java 2011ms 5.1ms 48.3MB 7643ms 27ms openjdk 23
java 2-m.java 2140ms 20ms 45.4MB 7653ms 150ms openjdk/zgc 21
java 2-m.java 2509ms 8.6ms 94.2MB 9357ms 43ms graal/jvm 17.0.8
dart 1.dart 3773ms 11ms 6.4MB 3760ms 0ms dart/exe 3.7.2
dart 2.dart 4339ms 3.8ms 6.5MB 4330ms 0ms dart/exe 3.7.2

Input: 4000

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
java 2-m.java 607ms 5.8ms 47.6MB 2140ms 23ms openjdk 21
java 2-m.java 621ms 7.5ms 48.9MB 2170ms 23ms openjdk 23
java 2-m.java 743ms 7.4ms 45.4MB 2183ms 143ms openjdk/zgc 21
java 2-m.java 769ms 3.8ms 95.1MB 2703ms 37ms graal/jvm 17.0.8
dart 1.dart 945ms 0.3ms 6.3MB 933ms 0ms dart/exe 3.7.2
dart 2.dart 1092ms 3.1ms 6.3MB 1080ms 0ms dart/exe 3.7.2

Input: 2000

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
dart 1.dart 241ms 2.2ms 6.3MB 230ms 0ms dart/exe 3.7.2
java 2-m.java 248ms 3.4ms 47.9MB 757ms 17ms openjdk 21
java 2-m.java 270ms 8.8ms 48.8MB 790ms 27ms openjdk 23
dart 2.dart 279ms 3.2ms 6.3MB 270ms 0ms dart/exe 3.7.2
java 2-m.java 321ms 25ms 94.1MB 983ms 40ms graal/jvm 17.0.8
java 2-m.java 400ms 6.1ms 45.6MB 820ms 153ms openjdk/zgc 21