Programming Language and compiler
Benchmarks

Dart VS Java benchmarks

Current benchmark data was generated on Tue Jul 01 2025, full log can be found HERE

CONTRIBUTIONS are WELCOME!

[x86_64][4 cores] AMD EPYC 7763 64-Core Processor (Model 1)

* -m in a file name stands for multi-threading or multi-processing

* -i in a file name stands for direct intrinsics usage. (Usage of simd intrinsics via libraries is not counted)

* -ffi in a file name stands for non-stdlib FFI usage

* (You may find time < time(user) + time(sys) for some non-parallelized programs, the overhead is from GC or JIT compiler, which are allowed to take advantage of multi-cores as that's more close to real-world scenarios.)

binarytrees

Input: 18

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
java 2.java 476ms 14ms 573.9MB 563ms 97ms openjdk 21
java 2.java 481ms 2.8ms 624.6MB 587ms 103ms openjdk 23
java 2-m.java 481ms 16ms 643.1MB 673ms 133ms graal/jvm 17.0.8
dart 1.dart 755ms 6.7ms 80.9MB 730ms 33ms dart/exe 3.8.1
java 2.java 1212ms 29ms 1064.1MB 593ms 787ms openjdk/zgc 21

Input: 15

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
dart 1.dart 77ms 0.9ms 42.8MB 53ms 13ms dart/exe 3.8.1
java 2-m.java 127ms 4.0ms 96.1MB 163ms 30ms openjdk 23
java 2-m.java 127ms 1.6ms 167.1MB 160ms 33ms openjdk 21
java 2-m.java 148ms 3.7ms 215.1MB 223ms 53ms graal/jvm 17.0.8
java 2.java 301ms 3.4ms 241.5MB 157ms 200ms openjdk/zgc 21

coro-prime-sieve

Input: 4000

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
java 1-m.java 2232ms 167ms 260.9MB 8430ms 130ms openjdk 21
java 1-m.java 2386ms 212ms 242.8MB 9050ms 157ms openjdk 23
java 1-m.java 2882ms 346ms 1222.6MB 9280ms 1113ms openjdk/zgc 21
dart 1.dart timeout 0.0ms 19.3MB 5467ms 70ms dart/exe 3.8.1

Input: 1000

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
dart 1.dart 356ms 3.3ms 10.4MB 353ms 10ms dart/exe 3.8.1
java 1-m.java 471ms 22ms 143.1MB 1587ms 67ms openjdk 21
java 1-m.java 484ms 8.9ms 92.4MB 1607ms 60ms openjdk 23
java 1-m.java 704ms 6.1ms 224.8MB 1930ms 260ms openjdk/zgc 21

edigits

Input: 250001

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
java 1-m.java 608ms 7.4ms 347.0MB 1180ms 103ms graal/jvm 17.0.8
java 1-m.java 619ms 42ms 265.1MB 1663ms 80ms openjdk 21
java 1-m.java 654ms 49ms 239.7MB 1747ms 80ms openjdk 23
java 1-m.java 966ms 32ms 530.8MB 1573ms 430ms openjdk/zgc 21
dart 1.dart 3647ms 4.0ms 18.3MB 3603ms 40ms dart/exe 3.8.1

Input: 100000

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
java 1-m.java 312ms 26ms 225.9MB 610ms 73ms graal/jvm 17.0.8
java 1-m.java 328ms 2.2ms 177.9MB 887ms 60ms openjdk 21
java 1-m.java 350ms 0.5ms 111.7MB 953ms 50ms openjdk 23
java 1-m.java 535ms 28ms 215.2MB 1053ms 217ms openjdk/zgc 21
dart 1.dart 587ms 5.6ms 10.0MB 563ms 13ms dart/exe 3.8.1

fannkuch-redux

Input: 11

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
java 1-m.java 895ms 14ms 96.4MB 3253ms 37ms graal/jvm 17.0.8
java 1-m.java 982ms 4.7ms 48.3MB 3650ms 20ms openjdk 21
java 1-m.java 990ms 3.1ms 50.3MB 3643ms 20ms openjdk 23
java 1-m.java 1050ms 20ms 45.8MB 3407ms 147ms openjdk/zgc 21
dart 2.dart 2683ms 15ms 6.4MB 2673ms 0ms dart/exe 3.8.1

Input: 10

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
java 1-m.java 174ms 5.6ms 48.2MB 483ms 20ms openjdk 21
java 1-m.java 195ms 4.0ms 50.6MB 510ms 23ms openjdk 23
java 1-m.java 204ms 11ms 95.9MB 560ms 43ms graal/jvm 17.0.8
dart 2.dart 221ms 2.1ms 6.3MB 210ms 0ms dart/exe 3.8.1
java 1-m.java 305ms 9.0ms 45.8MB 497ms 140ms openjdk/zgc 21

fasta

Input: 2500000

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
dart 1.dart 361ms 0.4ms 8.8MB 350ms 0ms dart/exe 3.8.1
java 4.java 455ms 3.7ms 47.5MB 540ms 20ms openjdk 21
java 4-m.java 458ms 29ms 101.6MB 657ms 43ms graal/jvm 17.0.8
java 4.java 459ms 0.9ms 49.2MB 550ms 17ms openjdk 23
java 4.java 579ms 2.9ms 45.2MB 540ms 147ms openjdk/zgc 21

Input: 250000

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
dart 1.dart 43ms 1.2ms 8.9MB 30ms 0ms dart/exe 3.8.1
java 4.java 124ms 0.3ms 46.2MB 167ms 10ms openjdk 21
java 4-m.java 130ms 4.9ms 47.9MB 173ms 23ms openjdk 23
java 4-m.java 134ms 8.5ms 90.1MB 183ms 37ms graal/jvm 17.0.8
java 4.java 244ms 8.4ms 44.0MB 170ms 137ms openjdk/zgc 21

helloworld

Input: QwQ

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
dart 1.dart 3.4ms 0.1ms 6.4MB 0ms 0ms dart/exe 3.8.1
java 1.java 68ms 2.0ms 53.3MB 70ms 20ms graal/jvm 17.0.8
java 1.java 68ms 4.0ms 43.9MB 80ms 14ms openjdk 21
java 1.java 72ms 5.5ms 44.8MB 78ms 16ms openjdk 23
java 1.java 196ms 9.1ms 42.9MB 88ms 144ms openjdk/zgc 21

http-server

Input: 3000

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
dart 2-m.dart 1318ms 29ms 95.3MB 1383ms 1397ms dart/exe 3.8.1
dart 1.dart 4426ms 153ms 101.2MB 1590ms 1623ms dart/exe 3.8.1

Input: 500

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
dart 2-m.dart 246ms 6.8ms 50.1MB 187ms 263ms dart/exe 3.8.1
dart 1.dart 2006ms 502ms 50.0MB 180ms 240ms dart/exe 3.8.1

json-serde

Input: sample 5000

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
dart 1.dart 164ms 2.5ms 53.3MB 137ms 20ms dart/exe 3.8.1

Input: canada 15

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
dart 1.dart 1452ms 7.1ms 204.4MB 1683ms 117ms dart/exe 3.8.1

knucleotide

Input: 2500000_in

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
java 3-m.java 1081ms 28ms 129.1MB 3710ms 43ms openjdk 21
java 3-m.java 1087ms 27ms 155.1MB 3707ms 47ms openjdk 23
java 3-m.java 1130ms 18ms 179.6MB 3870ms 73ms graal/jvm 17.0.8
dart 3-m.dart 1264ms 77ms 267.9MB 3790ms 113ms dart/exe 3.8.1
java 3-m.java 1435ms 53ms 178.4MB 4543ms 197ms openjdk/zgc 21

Input: 250000_in

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
dart 3-m.dart 239ms 6.6ms 185.1MB 553ms 70ms dart/exe 3.8.1
java 3-m.java 320ms 28ms 99.9MB 910ms 47ms openjdk 21
java 3-m.java 336ms 9.0ms 135.5MB 920ms 57ms graal/jvm 17.0.8
java 3-m.java 347ms 8.1ms 87.4MB 1017ms 40ms openjdk 23
java 3-m.java 448ms 10ms 98.2MB 920ms 170ms openjdk/zgc 21

lru

Input: 1000 1000000

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
dart 2.dart 173ms 4.6ms 9.5MB 163ms 0ms dart/exe 3.8.1
dart 1.dart 575ms 4.1ms 9.4MB 563ms 0ms dart/exe 3.8.1

Input: 1000 3000000

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
dart 2.dart 489ms 11ms 9.3MB 477ms 0ms dart/exe 3.8.1
dart 1.dart 1704ms 3.9ms 9.1MB 1690ms 3ms dart/exe 3.8.1

Input: 100 500000

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
dart 2.dart 79ms 0.6ms 9.1MB 70ms 0ms dart/exe 3.8.1
dart 1.dart 119ms 2.5ms 8.6MB 110ms 0ms dart/exe 3.8.1

merkletrees

Input: 17

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
dart 1.dart 338ms 1.4ms 63.8MB 317ms 27ms dart/exe 3.8.1
java 1.java 406ms 6.2ms 680.0MB 477ms 93ms openjdk 21
java 1.java 408ms 5.0ms 542.5MB 507ms 90ms openjdk 23
java 1-m.java 413ms 4.2ms 629.7MB 610ms 117ms graal/jvm 17.0.8
java 1.java 1046ms 24ms 955.8MB 473ms 713ms openjdk/zgc 21

Input: 15

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
dart 1.dart 86ms 1.5ms 43.6MB 60ms 20ms dart/exe 3.8.1
java 1-m.java 166ms 1.8ms 206.4MB 237ms 40ms openjdk 21
java 1-m.java 170ms 2.7ms 159.0MB 250ms 43ms openjdk 23
java 1-m.java 225ms 12ms 254.0MB 373ms 67ms graal/jvm 17.0.8
java 1.java 419ms 13ms 341.6MB 220ms 280ms openjdk/zgc 21

nbody

Input: 5000000

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
dart 3.dart 407ms 3.2ms 6.3MB 397ms 0ms dart/exe 3.8.1
java 1.java 443ms 3.6ms 45.4MB 480ms 13ms openjdk 21
java 1.java 446ms 6.4ms 47.9MB 480ms 20ms openjdk 23
java 1.java 455ms 2.3ms 81.4MB 487ms 30ms graal/jvm 17.0.8
java 1.java 580ms 0.9ms 44.8MB 493ms 150ms openjdk/zgc 21
java 2.java 1243ms 4.5ms 648.2MB 1370ms 90ms openjdk 21
java 2.java 1261ms 7.3ms 751.2MB 1393ms 93ms openjdk 23
java 2.java 3304ms 20ms 2374.4MB 1653ms 1870ms openjdk/zgc 21

Input: 500000

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
dart 3.dart 46ms 0.8ms 6.3MB 37ms 0ms dart/exe 3.8.1
java 1.java 122ms 0.7ms 45.1MB 160ms 20ms openjdk 21
java 1.java 124ms 0.3ms 47.8MB 157ms 23ms openjdk 23
java 1.java 127ms 6.3ms 81.5MB 160ms 30ms graal/jvm 17.0.8
java 1.java 251ms 6.5ms 45.0MB 157ms 150ms openjdk/zgc 21
java 2-m.java 303ms 5.7ms 354.8MB 453ms 53ms openjdk 21
java 2-m.java 317ms 4.5ms 410.3MB 467ms 63ms openjdk 23
java 2.java 682ms 14ms 525.1MB 473ms 400ms openjdk/zgc 21

pidigits

Input: 8000

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
dart 2.dart 1266ms 3.4ms 14.9MB 1237ms 30ms dart/exe 3.8.1
java 1.java 3266ms 35ms 444.3MB 3720ms 113ms graal/jvm 17.0.8
java 1.java 3753ms 26ms 396.3MB 4607ms 117ms openjdk 23
java 1.java 3808ms 10ms 426.2MB 4643ms 110ms openjdk 21
java 1.java timeout 0.0ms 1782.6MB 4820ms 1117ms openjdk/zgc 21

Input: 4000

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
dart 2.dart 314ms 7.1ms 14.8MB 293ms 13ms dart/exe 3.8.1
java 1-m.java 895ms 5.6ms 441.3MB 1260ms 83ms graal/jvm 17.0.8
java 1-m.java 1022ms 25ms 462.8MB 1763ms 103ms openjdk 23
java 1-m.java 1026ms 28ms 420.5MB 1827ms 93ms openjdk 21
java 1.java 2017ms 38ms 1333.3MB 1737ms 1047ms openjdk/zgc 21

regex-redux

Input: 2500000_in

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
dart 1.dart timeout 0.0ms 130.1MB 4963ms 37ms dart/exe 3.8.1
java 3.java timeout 0.0ms 406.7MB 5400ms 90ms graal/jvm 17.0.8
java 3.java timeout 0.0ms 302.4MB 5317ms 63ms openjdk 21
java 3.java timeout 0.0ms 305.0MB 5333ms 60ms openjdk 23
java 3.java timeout 0.0ms 468.5MB 4983ms 297ms openjdk/zgc 21

Input: 250000_in

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
dart 1.dart 635ms 5.3ms 43.2MB 607ms 20ms dart/exe 3.8.1
java 3-m.java 792ms 3.5ms 175.2MB 1197ms 53ms graal/jvm 17.0.8
java 3-m.java 799ms 3.4ms 130.5MB 1200ms 40ms openjdk 21
java 3-m.java 837ms 36ms 130.7MB 1257ms 40ms openjdk 23
java 3.java 981ms 34ms 133.4MB 1167ms 183ms openjdk/zgc 21

spectral-norm

Input: 8000

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
java 2-m.java 1982ms 6.2ms 48.1MB 7593ms 27ms openjdk 21
java 2-m.java 2009ms 7.3ms 48.4MB 7680ms 23ms openjdk 23
java 2-m.java 2122ms 15ms 45.7MB 7580ms 150ms openjdk/zgc 21
java 2-m.java 2530ms 11ms 95.0MB 9480ms 43ms graal/jvm 17.0.8
dart 1.dart 3780ms 11ms 6.4MB 3770ms 0ms dart/exe 3.8.1
dart 2.dart 4939ms 15ms 6.4MB 4923ms 0ms dart/exe 3.8.1

Input: 4000

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
java 2-m.java 606ms 2.2ms 47.4MB 2137ms 20ms openjdk 21
java 2-m.java 616ms 6.8ms 48.8MB 2170ms 27ms openjdk 23
java 2-m.java 737ms 15ms 45.4MB 2170ms 150ms openjdk/zgc 21
java 2-m.java 765ms 14ms 93.1MB 2683ms 40ms graal/jvm 17.0.8
dart 1.dart 944ms 3.1ms 6.3MB 933ms 0ms dart/exe 3.8.1
dart 2.dart 1249ms 10ms 6.3MB 1233ms 0ms dart/exe 3.8.1

Input: 2000

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
dart 1.dart 238ms 0.3ms 6.3MB 230ms 0ms dart/exe 3.8.1
java 2-m.java 254ms 8.5ms 47.8MB 757ms 17ms openjdk 21
java 2-m.java 255ms 3.4ms 48.9MB 757ms 23ms openjdk 23
dart 2.dart 314ms 1.2ms 6.3MB 303ms 0ms dart/exe 3.8.1
java 2-m.java 318ms 15ms 93.3MB 973ms 43ms graal/jvm 17.0.8
java 2-m.java 390ms 8.2ms 45.4MB 777ms 147ms openjdk/zgc 21