Programming Language and compiler
Benchmarks

Dart VS Java benchmarks

Current benchmark data was generated on Sun Jun 01 2025, full log can be found HERE

CONTRIBUTIONS are WELCOME!

[x86_64][4 cores] AMD EPYC 7763 64-Core Processor (Model 1)

* -m in a file name stands for multi-threading or multi-processing

* -i in a file name stands for direct intrinsics usage. (Usage of simd intrinsics via libraries is not counted)

* -ffi in a file name stands for non-stdlib FFI usage

* (You may find time < time(user) + time(sys) for some non-parallelized programs, the overhead is from GC or JIT compiler, which are allowed to take advantage of multi-cores as that's more close to real-world scenarios.)

binarytrees

Input: 18

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
java 2.java 455ms 6.3ms 576.1MB 557ms 80ms openjdk 21
java 2-m.java 462ms 6.4ms 643.1MB 673ms 90ms graal/jvm 17.0.8
java 2.java 470ms 9.4ms 639.7MB 570ms 97ms openjdk 23
dart 1.dart 706ms 4.7ms 80.9MB 673ms 37ms dart/exe 3.8.1
java 2.java 1207ms 20ms 1063.7MB 580ms 793ms openjdk/zgc 21

Input: 15

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
dart 1.dart 74ms 0.3ms 43.0MB 50ms 13ms dart/exe 3.8.1
java 2.java 124ms 1.6ms 167.0MB 157ms 27ms openjdk 21
java 2.java 129ms 5.5ms 98.0MB 163ms 23ms openjdk 23
java 2-m.java 143ms 3.2ms 224.5MB 217ms 53ms graal/jvm 17.0.8
java 2.java 299ms 4.1ms 241.7MB 157ms 197ms openjdk/zgc 21

coro-prime-sieve

Input: 4000

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
java 1-m.java 2098ms 184ms 258.2MB 7953ms 127ms openjdk 21
java 1-m.java 2459ms 233ms 242.9MB 9360ms 137ms openjdk 23
java 1-m.java 2764ms 212ms 1176.7MB 8893ms 1110ms openjdk/zgc 21
dart 1.dart 4895ms 33ms 19.3MB 5357ms 67ms dart/exe 3.8.1

Input: 1000

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
dart 1.dart 341ms 1.4ms 10.4MB 347ms 10ms dart/exe 3.8.1
java 1-m.java 443ms 2.6ms 92.2MB 1470ms 60ms openjdk 23
java 1-m.java 479ms 10ms 129.7MB 1607ms 73ms openjdk 21
java 1-m.java 684ms 24ms 228.2MB 1873ms 250ms openjdk/zgc 21

edigits

Input: 250001

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
java 1-m.java 585ms 85ms 265.5MB 1613ms 70ms openjdk 21
java 1-m.java 604ms 11ms 359.6MB 1167ms 110ms graal/jvm 17.0.8
java 1-m.java 636ms 55ms 237.0MB 1717ms 70ms openjdk 23
java 1-m.java 970ms 31ms 534.8MB 1663ms 407ms openjdk/zgc 21
dart 1.dart 3582ms 14ms 18.0MB 3550ms 23ms dart/exe 3.8.1

Input: 100000

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
java 1-m.java 301ms 6.0ms 225.7MB 600ms 63ms graal/jvm 17.0.8
java 1-m.java 360ms 33ms 177.9MB 983ms 50ms openjdk 21
java 1-m.java 367ms 17ms 111.4MB 1000ms 50ms openjdk 23
java 1-m.java 537ms 14ms 215.4MB 1073ms 227ms openjdk/zgc 21
dart 1.dart 589ms 2.0ms 10.5MB 567ms 13ms dart/exe 3.8.1

fannkuch-redux

Input: 11

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
java 1-m.java 896ms 2.1ms 96.4MB 3313ms 40ms graal/jvm 17.0.8
java 1-m.java 966ms 3.7ms 48.3MB 3607ms 17ms openjdk 21
java 1-m.java 983ms 2.3ms 50.2MB 3620ms 20ms openjdk 23
java 1-m.java 1025ms 15ms 45.9MB 3360ms 137ms openjdk/zgc 21
dart 2.dart 2684ms 4.0ms 6.3MB 2673ms 0ms dart/exe 3.8.1

Input: 10

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
java 1-m.java 180ms 11ms 48.1MB 493ms 23ms openjdk 21
java 1-m.java 188ms 3.4ms 50.1MB 490ms 23ms openjdk 23
java 1-m.java 201ms 17ms 96.2MB 570ms 33ms graal/jvm 17.0.8
dart 2.dart 222ms 2.2ms 6.4MB 210ms 0ms dart/exe 3.8.1
java 1-m.java 295ms 8.2ms 45.8MB 487ms 133ms openjdk/zgc 21

fasta

Input: 2500000

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
dart 1.dart 359ms 0.6ms 8.8MB 350ms 0ms dart/exe 3.8.1
java 4-m.java 449ms 13ms 102.4MB 637ms 37ms graal/jvm 17.0.8
java 4.java 456ms 17ms 47.5MB 543ms 17ms openjdk 21
java 4.java 458ms 1.4ms 49.3MB 540ms 20ms openjdk 23
java 4.java 569ms 8.4ms 45.4MB 537ms 140ms openjdk/zgc 21

Input: 250000

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
dart 1.dart 42ms 0.7ms 8.8MB 30ms 0ms dart/exe 3.8.1
java 4.java 121ms 1.3ms 46.2MB 157ms 23ms openjdk 21
java 4.java 126ms 2.1ms 47.7MB 167ms 17ms openjdk 23
java 4-m.java 134ms 6.0ms 91.7MB 200ms 27ms graal/jvm 17.0.8
java 4.java 251ms 9.3ms 43.9MB 163ms 147ms openjdk/zgc 21

helloworld

Input: QwQ

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
dart 1.dart 3.6ms 0.2ms 6.5MB 0ms 0ms dart/exe 3.8.1
java 1.java 62ms 2.4ms 52.7MB 68ms 18ms graal/jvm 17.0.8
java 1.java 69ms 6.7ms 43.8MB 78ms 12ms openjdk 21
java 1.java 73ms 1.7ms 44.5MB 74ms 16ms openjdk 23
java 1.java 184ms 2.0ms 42.9MB 80ms 132ms openjdk/zgc 21

http-server

Input: 3000

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
dart 2-m.dart 1272ms 15ms 95.0MB 1293ms 1387ms dart/exe 3.8.1
dart 1.dart 4372ms 73ms 103.0MB 1460ms 1617ms dart/exe 3.8.1

Input: 500

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
dart 2-m.dart 243ms 7.1ms 50.3MB 173ms 257ms dart/exe 3.8.1
dart 1.dart 2284ms 55ms 50.4MB 167ms 257ms dart/exe 3.8.1

json-serde

Input: sample 5000

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
dart 1.dart 163ms 2.4ms 53.0MB 140ms 17ms dart/exe 3.8.1

Input: canada 15

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
dart 1.dart 1453ms 4.4ms 205.8MB 1683ms 110ms dart/exe 3.8.1

knucleotide

Input: 2500000_in

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
java 3-m.java 1018ms 55ms 127.3MB 3503ms 40ms openjdk 21
java 3-m.java 1086ms 3.2ms 155.6MB 3727ms 50ms openjdk 23
dart 3-m.dart 1102ms 13ms 276.2MB 3277ms 130ms dart/exe 3.8.1
java 3-m.java 1105ms 0.4ms 179.8MB 3787ms 60ms graal/jvm 17.0.8
java 3-m.java 1432ms 7.3ms 178.7MB 4573ms 200ms openjdk/zgc 21

Input: 250000_in

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
dart 3-m.dart 213ms 1.6ms 186.5MB 513ms 67ms dart/exe 3.8.1
java 3-m.java 312ms 16ms 87.7MB 900ms 40ms openjdk 23
java 3-m.java 324ms 22ms 88.1MB 953ms 37ms openjdk 21
java 3-m.java 330ms 18ms 135.0MB 900ms 50ms graal/jvm 17.0.8
java 3-m.java 431ms 1.7ms 98.2MB 893ms 170ms openjdk/zgc 21

lru

Input: 1000 1000000

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
dart 2.dart 166ms 2.9ms 9.1MB 157ms 0ms dart/exe 3.8.1
dart 1.dart 570ms 3.8ms 8.8MB 557ms 0ms dart/exe 3.8.1

Input: 1000 3000000

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
dart 2.dart 479ms 4.6ms 9.3MB 463ms 0ms dart/exe 3.8.1
dart 1.dart 1700ms 6.4ms 9.3MB 1683ms 7ms dart/exe 3.8.1

Input: 100 500000

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
dart 2.dart 78ms 2.7ms 9.3MB 70ms 0ms dart/exe 3.8.1
dart 1.dart 115ms 1.0ms 9.0MB 103ms 0ms dart/exe 3.8.1

merkletrees

Input: 17

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
dart 1.dart 321ms 2.5ms 63.9MB 297ms 27ms dart/exe 3.8.1
java 1.java 398ms 1.9ms 544.5MB 497ms 87ms openjdk 23
java 1.java 399ms 2.7ms 679.6MB 473ms 90ms openjdk 21
java 1-m.java 404ms 8.2ms 633.5MB 610ms 97ms graal/jvm 17.0.8
java 1.java 1023ms 11ms 974.0MB 463ms 707ms openjdk/zgc 21

Input: 15

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
dart 1.dart 86ms 1.4ms 43.8MB 60ms 17ms dart/exe 3.8.1
java 1-m.java 166ms 3.4ms 158.5MB 247ms 40ms openjdk 23
java 1-m.java 170ms 12ms 206.5MB 243ms 43ms openjdk 21
java 1-m.java 213ms 7.0ms 253.5MB 357ms 53ms graal/jvm 17.0.8
java 1.java 412ms 7.1ms 341.9MB 213ms 277ms openjdk/zgc 21

nbody

Input: 5000000

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
dart 3.dart 407ms 2.1ms 6.3MB 397ms 0ms dart/exe 3.8.1
java 1.java 441ms 1.8ms 45.4MB 480ms 13ms openjdk 21
java 1.java 444ms 1.2ms 48.2MB 480ms 20ms openjdk 23
java 1.java 447ms 3.2ms 81.7MB 483ms 23ms graal/jvm 17.0.8
java 1.java 567ms 1.6ms 45.0MB 490ms 140ms openjdk/zgc 21
java 2.java 1230ms 1.5ms 567.4MB 1367ms 73ms openjdk 21
java 2.java 1245ms 7.7ms 792.1MB 1367ms 93ms openjdk 23
java 2.java 3242ms 30ms 2411.5MB 1663ms 1800ms openjdk/zgc 21

Input: 500000

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
dart 3.dart 46ms 0.2ms 6.3MB 40ms 0ms dart/exe 3.8.1
java 1.java 115ms 2.7ms 81.5MB 143ms 27ms graal/jvm 17.0.8
java 1-m.java 117ms 1.5ms 45.3MB 157ms 20ms openjdk 21
java 1.java 118ms 3.8ms 48.1MB 157ms 17ms openjdk 23
java 1.java 241ms 4.9ms 44.6MB 157ms 140ms openjdk/zgc 21
java 2-m.java 289ms 5.6ms 371.1MB 420ms 57ms openjdk 21
java 2-m.java 305ms 7.2ms 418.7MB 450ms 57ms openjdk 23
java 2.java 680ms 10ms 526.8MB 463ms 403ms openjdk/zgc 21

pidigits

Input: 8000

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
dart 2.dart 1248ms 3.9ms 14.8MB 1217ms 33ms dart/exe 3.8.1
java 1.java 3185ms 10ms 444.0MB 3607ms 107ms graal/jvm 17.0.8
java 1.java 3705ms 65ms 448.5MB 4597ms 110ms openjdk 23
java 1.java 3709ms 72ms 366.5MB 4553ms 107ms openjdk 21
java 1.java timeout 0.0ms 1957.4MB 4627ms 1233ms openjdk/zgc 21

Input: 4000

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
dart 2.dart 312ms 2.1ms 14.8MB 297ms 17ms dart/exe 3.8.1
java 1.java 880ms 4.2ms 369.9MB 1217ms 93ms graal/jvm 17.0.8
java 1-m.java 1000ms 42ms 386.8MB 1787ms 87ms openjdk 21
java 1-m.java 1014ms 24ms 412.8MB 1770ms 97ms openjdk 23
java 1.java 1993ms 39ms 1355.3MB 1723ms 1037ms openjdk/zgc 21

regex-redux

Input: 2500000_in

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
dart 1.dart timeout 0.0ms 130.1MB 4960ms 50ms dart/exe 3.8.1
java 3.java timeout 0.0ms 397.9MB 5400ms 83ms graal/jvm 17.0.8
java 3.java timeout 0.0ms 302.1MB 5340ms 60ms openjdk 21
java 3.java timeout 0.0ms 304.6MB 5327ms 53ms openjdk 23
java 3.java timeout 0.0ms 470.7MB 4983ms 290ms openjdk/zgc 21

Input: 250000_in

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
dart 1.dart 635ms 5.6ms 43.1MB 607ms 13ms dart/exe 3.8.1
java 3-m.java 758ms 6.5ms 177.3MB 1123ms 50ms graal/jvm 17.0.8
java 3-m.java 787ms 2.3ms 128.7MB 1197ms 40ms openjdk 21
java 3-m.java 819ms 24ms 130.4MB 1217ms 37ms openjdk 23
java 3.java 949ms 13ms 133.1MB 1143ms 173ms openjdk/zgc 21

spectral-norm

Input: 8000

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
java 2-m.java 1986ms 9.7ms 47.8MB 7600ms 27ms openjdk 21
java 2-m.java 1987ms 18ms 48.7MB 7617ms 30ms openjdk 23
java 2-m.java 2117ms 11ms 45.8MB 7620ms 153ms openjdk/zgc 21
java 2-m.java 2514ms 6.9ms 94.5MB 9423ms 43ms graal/jvm 17.0.8
dart 1.dart 3751ms 7.5ms 6.4MB 3740ms 0ms dart/exe 3.8.1
dart 2.dart 4932ms 8.5ms 6.3MB 4923ms 0ms dart/exe 3.8.1

Input: 4000

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
java 2-m.java 599ms 0.5ms 47.8MB 2133ms 23ms openjdk 21
java 2-m.java 614ms 4.8ms 49.0MB 2180ms 20ms openjdk 23
java 2-m.java 737ms 1.7ms 45.5MB 2183ms 140ms openjdk/zgc 21
java 2-m.java 761ms 25ms 95.2MB 2687ms 37ms graal/jvm 17.0.8
dart 1.dart 942ms 2.6ms 6.3MB 930ms 0ms dart/exe 3.8.1
dart 2.dart 1242ms 3.4ms 6.5MB 1233ms 0ms dart/exe 3.8.1

Input: 2000

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
dart 1.dart 239ms 1.4ms 6.3MB 230ms 0ms dart/exe 3.8.1
java 2-m.java 249ms 6.5ms 47.4MB 737ms 17ms openjdk 21
java 2-m.java 257ms 2.4ms 48.6MB 783ms 20ms openjdk 23
java 2-m.java 310ms 29ms 95.0MB 947ms 40ms graal/jvm 17.0.8
dart 2.dart 313ms 2.4ms 6.1MB 303ms 0ms dart/exe 3.8.1
java 2-m.java 377ms 11ms 45.3MB 767ms 143ms openjdk/zgc 21