Programming Language and compiler
Benchmarks

Dart VS Crystal benchmarks

Current benchmark data was generated on Mon May 19 2025, full log can be found HERE

CONTRIBUTIONS are WELCOME!

[x86_64][4 cores] AMD EPYC 7763 64-Core Processor (Model 1)

* -m in a file name stands for multi-threading or multi-processing

* -i in a file name stands for direct intrinsics usage. (Usage of simd intrinsics via libraries is not counted)

* -ffi in a file name stands for non-stdlib FFI usage

* (You may find time < time(user) + time(sys) for some non-parallelized programs, the overhead is from GC or JIT compiler, which are allowed to take advantage of multi-cores as that's more close to real-world scenarios.)

binarytrees

Input: 18

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
dart 1.dart 721ms 1.9ms 80.9MB 697ms 33ms dart/exe 3.7.3
crystal 1.cr 1320ms 17ms 64.2MB 1293ms 10ms crystal 1.16.3

Input: 15

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
dart 1.dart 75ms 0.6ms 42.8MB 53ms 13ms dart/exe 3.7.3
crystal 1.cr 107ms 0.7ms 10.9MB 97ms 0ms crystal 1.16.3

coro-prime-sieve

Input: 4000

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
crystal 1.cr 1575ms 42ms 19.9MB 1510ms 53ms crystal 1.16.3
dart 1.dart 4878ms 14ms 19.5MB 5357ms 80ms dart/exe 3.7.3

Input: 1000

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
crystal 1.cr 88ms 0.4ms 7.1MB 60ms 10ms crystal 1.16.3
dart 1.dart 336ms 3.6ms 10.6MB 333ms 13ms dart/exe 3.7.3

edigits

Input: 250001

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
crystal 1.cr 59ms 1.7ms 6.5MB 43ms 0ms crystal 1.16.3
dart 1.dart 3690ms 7.6ms 18.4MB 3657ms 30ms dart/exe 3.7.3

Input: 100000

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
crystal 1.cr 22ms 1.6ms 5.1MB 10ms 0ms crystal 1.16.3
dart 1.dart 603ms 1.9ms 10.5MB 583ms 13ms dart/exe 3.7.3

fannkuch-redux

Input: 11

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
crystal 1.cr 2481ms 14ms 2.9MB 2473ms 0ms crystal 1.16.3
dart 2.dart 2720ms 13ms 6.5MB 2710ms 0ms dart/exe 3.7.3

Input: 10

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
crystal 1.cr 205ms 2.2ms 2.9MB 197ms 0ms crystal 1.16.3
dart 2.dart 225ms 2.5ms 6.1MB 213ms 0ms dart/exe 3.7.3

fasta

Input: 2500000

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
dart 1.dart 359ms 2.9ms 8.8MB 343ms 0ms dart/exe 3.7.3
crystal 2.cr 538ms 3.5ms 3.6MB 450ms 77ms crystal 1.16.3
crystal 1.cr 683ms 3.5ms 14.6MB 583ms 87ms crystal 1.16.3

Input: 250000

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
dart 1.dart 42ms 0.6ms 8.8MB 30ms 0ms dart/exe 3.7.3
crystal 2.cr 57ms 0.9ms 3.5MB 40ms 0ms crystal 1.16.3
crystal 1.cr 72ms 1.4ms 4.9MB 50ms 10ms crystal 1.16.3

helloworld

Input: QwQ

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
crystal 1.cr 1.9ms 0.1ms 2.9MB 0ms 0ms crystal 1.16.3
dart 1.dart 3.7ms 0.2ms 5.6MB 0ms 0ms dart/exe 3.7.3

http-server

Input: 3000

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
dart 2-m.dart 1314ms 18ms 94.5MB 1323ms 1417ms dart/exe 3.7.3
crystal 1.cr 2258ms 384ms 270.5MB 320ms 440ms crystal 1.16.3
dart 1.dart 4483ms 186ms 97.9MB 1553ms 1583ms dart/exe 3.7.3

Input: 500

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
dart 2-m.dart 244ms 9.9ms 49.9MB 187ms 257ms dart/exe 3.7.3
crystal 1.cr 1238ms 101ms 54.0MB 37ms 73ms crystal 1.16.3
dart 1.dart 2304ms 24ms 50.0MB 183ms 253ms dart/exe 3.7.3

json-serde

Input: sample 5000

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
dart 1.dart 165ms 3.1ms 53.9MB 140ms 17ms dart/exe 3.7.3

Input: canada 15

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
dart 1.dart 1502ms 16ms 204.3MB 1757ms 103ms dart/exe 3.7.3

knucleotide

Input: 2500000_in

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
dart 3-m.dart 1184ms 23ms 270.9MB 3657ms 107ms dart/exe 3.7.3

Input: 250000_in

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
dart 3-m.dart 228ms 9.3ms 186.8MB 540ms 70ms dart/exe 3.7.3

lru

Input: 1000 1000000

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
crystal 0-unsafe.cr 36ms 1.4ms 3.0MB 30ms 0ms crystal 1.16.3
crystal 1.cr 64ms 1.6ms 3.0MB 57ms 0ms crystal 1.16.3
dart 2.dart 171ms 2.6ms 9.1MB 160ms 0ms dart/exe 3.7.3
dart 1.dart 491ms 3.1ms 9.4MB 477ms 0ms dart/exe 3.7.3

Input: 1000 3000000

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
crystal 0-unsafe.cr 100ms 1.1ms 3.0MB 90ms 0ms crystal 1.16.3
crystal 1.cr 185ms 1.4ms 3.0MB 173ms 0ms crystal 1.16.3
dart 2.dart 493ms 3.6ms 9.1MB 483ms 0ms dart/exe 3.7.3
dart 1.dart 1457ms 2.8ms 9.4MB 1440ms 10ms dart/exe 3.7.3

Input: 100 500000

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
crystal 0-unsafe.cr 18ms 0.3ms 3.0MB 10ms 0ms crystal 1.16.3
crystal 1.cr 31ms 1.1ms 3.0MB 20ms 0ms crystal 1.16.3
dart 2.dart 80ms 0.7ms 9.4MB 70ms 0ms dart/exe 3.7.3
dart 1.dart 110ms 1.1ms 8.6MB 100ms 0ms dart/exe 3.7.3

merkletrees

Input: 17

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
dart 1.dart 323ms 3.2ms 63.8MB 300ms 27ms dart/exe 3.7.3
crystal 1.cr 868ms 11ms 64.2MB 840ms 10ms crystal 1.16.3

Input: 15

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
dart 1.dart 84ms 0.3ms 43.8MB 60ms 17ms dart/exe 3.7.3
crystal 1.cr 180ms 3.2ms 22.3MB 163ms 3ms crystal 1.16.3

nbody

Input: 5000000

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
crystal 2.cr 344ms 1.1ms 3.3MB 333ms 0ms crystal 1.16.3
crystal 1.cr 345ms 2.6ms 3.3MB 337ms 0ms crystal 1.16.3
dart 3.dart 407ms 2.9ms 6.3MB 400ms 0ms dart/exe 3.7.3

Input: 500000

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
crystal 1.cr 38ms 1.2ms 3.3MB 30ms 0ms crystal 1.16.3
crystal 2.cr 39ms 1.3ms 3.3MB 30ms 0ms crystal 1.16.3
dart 3.dart 45ms 0.5ms 6.5MB 40ms 0ms dart/exe 3.7.3

pidigits

Input: 8000

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
dart 2.dart 1353ms 16ms 14.9MB 1320ms 33ms dart/exe 3.7.3
crystal 1.cr 1817ms 20ms 6.3MB 1793ms 7ms crystal 1.16.3

Input: 4000

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
dart 2.dart 333ms 6.3ms 14.8MB 317ms 10ms dart/exe 3.7.3
crystal 1.cr 445ms 4.2ms 5.0MB 433ms 0ms crystal 1.16.3

regex-redux

Input: 2500000_in

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
dart 1.dart timeout 0.0ms 188.1MB 4980ms 57ms dart/exe 3.7.3

Input: 250000_in

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
dart 1.dart 582ms 23ms 43.1MB 553ms 13ms dart/exe 3.7.3

spectral-norm

Input: 8000

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
crystal 1.cr 3761ms 7.0ms 4.5MB 3750ms 0ms crystal 1.16.3
dart 1.dart 3808ms 27ms 6.5MB 3793ms 0ms dart/exe 3.7.3
dart 2.dart 4346ms 9.0ms 6.4MB 4337ms 0ms dart/exe 3.7.3

Input: 4000

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
dart 1.dart 946ms 2.6ms 6.3MB 933ms 0ms dart/exe 3.7.3
crystal 1.cr 948ms 1.7ms 4.4MB 940ms 0ms crystal 1.16.3
dart 2.dart 1093ms 4.1ms 6.3MB 1083ms 0ms dart/exe 3.7.3

Input: 2000

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
dart 1.dart 240ms 0.4ms 6.3MB 230ms 0ms dart/exe 3.7.3
crystal 1.cr 240ms 2.2ms 3.9MB 230ms 0ms crystal 1.16.3
dart 2.dart 277ms 1.0ms 6.3MB 270ms 0ms dart/exe 3.7.3