Programming Language and compiler
Benchmarks

Dart VS Kotlin benchmarks

Current benchmark data was generated on Mon Mar 31 2025, full log can be found HERE

CONTRIBUTIONS are WELCOME!

[x86_64][4 cores] AMD EPYC 7763 64-Core Processor (Model 1)

* -m in a file name stands for multi-threading or multi-processing

* -i in a file name stands for direct intrinsics usage. (Usage of simd intrinsics via libraries is not counted)

* -ffi in a file name stands for non-stdlib FFI usage

* (You may find time < time(user) + time(sys) for some non-parallelized programs, the overhead is from GC or JIT compiler, which are allowed to take advantage of multi-cores as that's more close to real-world scenarios.)

binarytrees

Input: 18

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
kotlin 1.kt 474ms 2.2ms 577.6MB 567ms 83ms kotlin/jvm 21
dart 1.dart 694ms 4.4ms 80.7MB 657ms 40ms dart/exe 3.7.2
kotlin 1-m.kt 3074ms 28ms 246.4MB 5113ms 703ms kotlin/native 1.8.21

Input: 15

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
dart 1.dart 74ms 0.1ms 42.6MB 50ms 17ms dart/exe 3.7.2
kotlin 1.kt 100ms 0.6ms 160.2MB 110ms 27ms kotlin/jvm 21
kotlin 1-m.kt 267ms 2.6ms 28.5MB 427ms 57ms kotlin/native 1.8.21

coro-prime-sieve

Input: 4000

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
dart 1-m.dart 1665ms 2884ms 19.1MB 5463ms 67ms dart/exe 3.7.2
kotlin 2-m.kt 1924ms 65ms 240.6MB 7167ms 113ms kotlin/jvm 21
kotlin 1.kt 2164ms 23ms 222.7MB 2980ms 73ms kotlin/jvm 21
kotlin 1.kt timeout 0.0ms 12.7MB 6027ms 467ms kotlin/native 1.8.21
kotlin 2-m.kt timeout 0.0ms 53.1MB 19010ms 150ms kotlin/native 1.8.21

Input: 1000

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
dart 1.dart 347ms 4.8ms 10.5MB 347ms 10ms dart/exe 3.7.2
kotlin 2-m.kt 433ms 6.8ms 12.8MB 1593ms 23ms kotlin/native 1.8.21
kotlin 1-m.kt 480ms 14ms 77.5MB 1110ms 53ms kotlin/jvm 21
kotlin 1.kt 685ms 0.7ms 8.8MB 813ms 63ms kotlin/native 1.8.21
kotlin 2-m.kt 926ms 49ms 105.6MB 3263ms 83ms kotlin/jvm 21

edigits

Input: 250001

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
dart 1.dart 3684ms 4.5ms 18.0MB 3650ms 30ms dart/exe 3.7.2

Input: 100000

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
dart 1.dart 598ms 3.5ms 10.0MB 577ms 10ms dart/exe 3.7.2

fannkuch-redux

Input: 11

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
dart 2.dart 2741ms 18ms 6.3MB 2730ms 0ms dart/exe 3.7.2

Input: 10

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
dart 2.dart 222ms 1.7ms 6.3MB 210ms 0ms dart/exe 3.7.2

fasta

Input: 2500000

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
dart 1.dart 360ms 2.9ms 8.6MB 350ms 0ms dart/exe 3.7.2

Input: 250000

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
dart 1.dart 42ms 0.3ms 8.6MB 30ms 0ms dart/exe 3.7.2

helloworld

Input: QwQ

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
kotlin 1.kt 2.0ms 0.2ms 2.5MB 0ms 0ms kotlin/native 1.8.21
dart 1.dart 3.8ms 0.3ms 5.3MB 0ms 0ms dart/exe 3.7.2
kotlin 1.kt 56ms 5.4ms 47.2MB 50ms 20ms kotlin/jvm 21

http-server

Input: 3000

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
dart 2-m.dart 1395ms 29ms 95.6MB 1307ms 1560ms dart/exe 3.7.2
kotlin 2-m.kt 3184ms 1331ms 354.5MB 5353ms 940ms kotlin/jvm 21
dart 1.dart 4512ms 421ms 95.6MB 1510ms 1877ms dart/exe 3.7.2
kotlin 1.kt timeout 0.0ms 407.6MB 15893ms 3003ms kotlin/jvm 21

Input: 500

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
dart 2-m.dart 263ms 8.2ms 50.0MB 173ms 297ms dart/exe 3.7.2
dart 1.dart 1960ms 614ms 50.5MB 170ms 270ms dart/exe 3.7.2
kotlin 1-m.kt 2024ms 205ms 231.8MB 6097ms 673ms kotlin/jvm 21
kotlin 2-m.kt 2068ms 276ms 242.2MB 5587ms 597ms kotlin/jvm 21

json-serde

Input: sample 5000

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
dart 1.dart 164ms 1.6ms 53.4MB 140ms 13ms dart/exe 3.7.2
kotlin 1-m.kt 806ms 107ms 204.8MB 2167ms 87ms kotlin/jvm 21

Input: canada 15

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
dart 1.dart 1505ms 18ms 206.4MB 1730ms 110ms dart/exe 3.7.2
kotlin 1-m.kt 2329ms 35ms 828.1MB 5040ms 157ms kotlin/jvm 21

knucleotide

Input: 2500000_in

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
dart 3-m.dart 1118ms 24ms 274.4MB 3333ms 110ms dart/exe 3.7.2

Input: 250000_in

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
dart 3-m.dart 201ms 4.8ms 186.6MB 523ms 47ms dart/exe 3.7.2

lru

Input: 1000 1000000

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
dart 2.dart 170ms 1.9ms 9.4MB 160ms 0ms dart/exe 3.7.2
kotlin 1-m.kt 181ms 3.8ms 96.7MB 300ms 30ms kotlin/jvm 21
kotlin 2-m.kt 197ms 1.3ms 103.5MB 420ms 40ms kotlin/jvm 21
kotlin 2.kt 299ms 2.1ms 5.8MB 420ms 10ms kotlin/native 1.8.21
dart 1.dart 492ms 1.7ms 9.1MB 480ms 0ms dart/exe 3.7.2
kotlin 1.kt 515ms 4.2ms 5.9MB 613ms 10ms kotlin/native 1.8.21

Input: 1000 3000000

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
kotlin 2-m.kt 311ms 8.5ms 212.5MB 533ms 47ms kotlin/jvm 21
kotlin 1.kt 343ms 9.7ms 204.4MB 443ms 43ms kotlin/jvm 21
dart 2.dart 484ms 3.7ms 9.3MB 470ms 0ms dart/exe 3.7.2
kotlin 2.kt 893ms 4.3ms 5.8MB 1280ms 50ms kotlin/native 1.8.21
dart 1.dart 1462ms 8.8ms 9.3MB 1447ms 3ms dart/exe 3.7.2
kotlin 1.kt 1545ms 11ms 5.8MB 1860ms 23ms kotlin/native 1.8.21

Input: 100 500000

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
dart 2.dart 77ms 1.6ms 8.9MB 70ms 0ms dart/exe 3.7.2
dart 1.dart 110ms 0.5ms 8.8MB 100ms 0ms dart/exe 3.7.2
kotlin 1-m.kt 138ms 2.2ms 92.7MB 273ms 23ms kotlin/jvm 21
kotlin 2.kt 140ms 1.1ms 3.6MB 193ms 0ms kotlin/native 1.8.21
kotlin 2-m.kt 166ms 21ms 95.2MB 347ms 23ms kotlin/jvm 21
kotlin 1.kt 171ms 1.1ms 3.8MB 210ms 3ms kotlin/native 1.8.21

merkletrees

Input: 17

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
dart 1.dart 325ms 2.6ms 63.8MB 300ms 27ms dart/exe 3.7.2
kotlin 1.kt 351ms 4.3ms 679.4MB 377ms 93ms kotlin/jvm 21
kotlin 1-m.kt 1499ms 16ms 134.5MB 2310ms 327ms kotlin/native 1.8.21

Input: 15

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
dart 1.dart 84ms 0.4ms 43.8MB 60ms 13ms dart/exe 3.7.2
kotlin 1.kt 129ms 2.5ms 208.5MB 153ms 40ms kotlin/jvm 21
kotlin 1-m.kt 310ms 3.8ms 38.6MB 453ms 67ms kotlin/native 1.8.21

nbody

Input: 5000000

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
kotlin 1n.kt 406ms 0.5ms 2.5MB 397ms 0ms kotlin/native 1.8.21
dart 3.dart 408ms 3.7ms 6.1MB 400ms 0ms dart/exe 3.7.2
kotlin 1.kt 445ms 1.6ms 49.5MB 487ms 20ms kotlin/jvm 21

Input: 500000

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
dart 3.dart 45ms 0.2ms 6.4MB 33ms 0ms dart/exe 3.7.2
kotlin 1n.kt 47ms 1.9ms 2.5MB 40ms 0ms kotlin/native 1.8.21
kotlin 1-m.kt 119ms 0.0ms 49.6MB 163ms 17ms kotlin/jvm 21

pidigits

Input: 8000

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
dart 2.dart 1354ms 5.1ms 14.8MB 1330ms 33ms dart/exe 3.7.2
kotlin 1.kt 3686ms 7.3ms 354.4MB 4587ms 103ms kotlin/jvm 21
kotlin 1n.kt timeout 0.0ms 5.5MB 6277ms 270ms kotlin/native 1.8.21
kotlin 2n.kt timeout 0.0ms 6.2MB 5017ms 143ms kotlin/native 1.8.21

Input: 4000

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
dart 2.dart 343ms 7.4ms 14.8MB 327ms 10ms dart/exe 3.7.2
kotlin 1-m.kt 1008ms 11ms 355.1MB 1733ms 90ms kotlin/jvm 21
kotlin 1n.kt timeout 0.0ms 5.4MB 6273ms 273ms kotlin/native 1.8.21
kotlin 2n.kt timeout 0.0ms 6.3MB 5003ms 160ms kotlin/native 1.8.21

regex-redux

Input: 2500000_in

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
dart 1.dart timeout 0.0ms 188.2MB 4983ms 50ms dart/exe 3.7.2
kotlin 1.kt timeout 0.0ms 171.1MB 5397ms 43ms kotlin/jvm 21
kotlin 1n.kt timeout 0.0ms 277.0MB 5010ms 877ms kotlin/native 1.8.21

Input: 250000_in

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
dart 1.dart 570ms 22ms 43.2MB 550ms 10ms dart/exe 3.7.2
kotlin 1-m.kt 812ms 1.6ms 133.5MB 1233ms 33ms kotlin/jvm 21
kotlin 1n.kt 3187ms 38ms 63.0MB 3923ms 17ms kotlin/native 1.8.21

spectral-norm

Input: 8000

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
dart 1.dart 3773ms 14ms 6.4MB 3763ms 0ms dart/exe 3.7.2
dart 2.dart 4338ms 5.9ms 6.4MB 4327ms 0ms dart/exe 3.7.2

Input: 4000

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
dart 1.dart 944ms 2.2ms 6.3MB 930ms 0ms dart/exe 3.7.2
dart 2.dart 1088ms 11ms 6.1MB 1080ms 0ms dart/exe 3.7.2

Input: 2000

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
dart 1.dart 241ms 2.5ms 6.3MB 230ms 0ms dart/exe 3.7.2
dart 2.dart 285ms 8.1ms 6.3MB 273ms 0ms dart/exe 3.7.2