Programming Language and compiler
Benchmarks

Java VS Wasm benchmarks

Current benchmark data was generated on Thu Feb 01 2024, full log can be found HERE

CONTRIBUTIONS are WELCOME!

[x86_64][4 cores] AMD EPYC 7763 64-Core Processor (Model 1)

* -m in a file name stands for multi-threading or multi-processing

* -i in a file name stands for direct intrinsics usage. (Usage of simd intrinsics via libraries is not counted)

* -ffi in a file name stands for non-stdlib FFI usage

* (You may find time < time(user) + time(sys) for some non-parallelized programs, the overhead is from GC or JIT compiler, which are allowed to take advantage of multi-cores as that's more close to real-world scenarios.)

binarytrees

Input: 18

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
java 2.java 450ms 3.2ms 574.3MB 543ms 87ms openjdk 21
java 2-m.java 462ms 4.6ms 646.8MB 650ms 110ms graal/jvm 17.0.8
java 2.java 462ms 4.8ms 588.2MB 563ms 97ms openjdk 23
java 2.java 1178ms 0.9ms 1055.6MB 607ms 733ms openjdk/zgc 21
wasm 3.rs 1832ms 18ms 82.0MB 1817ms 23ms node 18.19.0
wasm 5.rs 1873ms 10ms 65.7MB 1860ms 20ms node 18.19.0
wasm 4.rs 1910ms 6.6ms 34.9MB 1893ms 3ms wasmtime 17.0.0
wasm 3.rs 1959ms 30ms 50.9MB 1923ms 20ms wasmtime 17.0.0
wasm 5.rs 2022ms 10ms 34.9MB 1997ms 3ms wasmtime 17.0.0
wasm 4.rs 2156ms 42ms 66.8MB 2137ms 20ms node 18.19.0

Input: 15

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
java 2.java 123ms 1.1ms 166.9MB 147ms 37ms openjdk 21
java 2-m.java 125ms 1.5ms 163.2MB 157ms 33ms openjdk 23
java 2-m.java 168ms 15ms 230.2MB 220ms 70ms graal/jvm 17.0.8
wasm 4.rs 184ms 4.7ms 20.9MB 167ms 0ms wasmtime 17.0.0
wasm 3.rs 186ms 4.3ms 22.9MB 167ms 0ms wasmtime 17.0.0
wasm 5.rs 194ms 1.5ms 20.9MB 180ms 0ms wasmtime 17.0.0
wasm 3.rs 208ms 1.9ms 53.2MB 190ms 23ms node 18.19.0
wasm 5.rs 215ms 1.7ms 53.0MB 210ms 7ms node 18.19.0
wasm 4.rs 252ms 15ms 53.0MB 240ms 13ms node 18.19.0
java 2.java 314ms 1.3ms 241.4MB 153ms 213ms openjdk/zgc 21

edigits

Input: 250001

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
wasm 1.rs 469ms 42ms 20.3MB 453ms 0ms wasmtime 17.0.0
wasm 1.rs 481ms 2.2ms 58.4MB 543ms 17ms node 18.19.0
java 1-m.java 652ms 40ms 265.4MB 1723ms 73ms openjdk 23
java 1-m.java 673ms 9.3ms 264.3MB 1770ms 67ms openjdk 21
java 1-m.java 695ms 70ms 353.3MB 1313ms 137ms graal/jvm 17.0.8
java 1-m.java 969ms 31ms 521.1MB 1597ms 453ms openjdk/zgc 21

Input: 100000

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
wasm 1.rs 120ms 0.3ms 19.6MB 103ms 0ms wasmtime 17.0.0
wasm 1.rs 176ms 0.9ms 58.2MB 223ms 23ms node 18.19.0
java 1-m.java 320ms 17ms 241.0MB 623ms 73ms graal/jvm 17.0.8
java 1-m.java 360ms 30ms 179.2MB 963ms 63ms openjdk 21
java 1-m.java 372ms 19ms 173.4MB 1023ms 43ms openjdk 23
java 1-m.java 513ms 31ms 215.7MB 987ms 223ms openjdk/zgc 21

fannkuch-redux

Input: 11

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
java 1-m.java 888ms 5.5ms 97.2MB 3257ms 43ms graal/jvm 17.0.8
java 1-m.java 946ms 34ms 48.5MB 3513ms 23ms openjdk 21
java 1-m.java 989ms 11ms 49.0MB 3650ms 17ms openjdk 23
java 1-m.java 1010ms 36ms 47.9MB 3313ms 133ms openjdk/zgc 21
wasm 1.rs 4176ms 317ms 18.5MB 4160ms 0ms wasmtime 17.0.0
wasm 1.rs timeout 0.0ms 50.5MB 4983ms 7ms node 18.19.0

Input: 10

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
java 1-m.java 179ms 6.4ms 48.5MB 490ms 27ms openjdk 21
java 1-m.java 185ms 1.9ms 48.7MB 487ms 13ms openjdk 23
java 1-m.java 198ms 9.6ms 97.6MB 523ms 47ms graal/jvm 17.0.8
java 1-m.java 290ms 2.9ms 45.8MB 473ms 133ms openjdk/zgc 21
wasm 1.rs 341ms 5.0ms 18.5MB 330ms 0ms wasmtime 17.0.0
wasm 1.rs 654ms 3.7ms 50.4MB 640ms 10ms node 18.19.0

fasta

Input: 2500000

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
wasm 1.rs 295ms 2.8ms 18.8MB 280ms 0ms wasmtime 17.0.0
wasm 1.rs 317ms 2.4ms 50.0MB 310ms 7ms node 18.19.0
java 4.java 440ms 1.7ms 107.1MB 620ms 27ms graal/jvm 17.0.8
java 4.java 450ms 5.5ms 47.4MB 530ms 17ms openjdk 21
java 4.java 455ms 1.9ms 47.5MB 543ms 17ms openjdk 23
java 4.java 565ms 1.6ms 45.1MB 533ms 133ms openjdk/zgc 21

Input: 250000

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
wasm 1.rs 38ms 0.5ms 18.9MB 23ms 0ms wasmtime 17.0.0
wasm 1.rs 67ms 0.8ms 50.5MB 63ms 7ms node 18.19.0
java 4.java 119ms 4.0ms 46.5MB 167ms 7ms openjdk 23
java 4.java 124ms 1.1ms 46.2MB 157ms 23ms openjdk 21
java 4-m.java 144ms 8.0ms 99.7MB 213ms 30ms graal/jvm 17.0.8
java 4.java 242ms 5.6ms 43.9MB 167ms 133ms openjdk/zgc 21

helloworld

Input: QwQ

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
wasm 1.rs 6.8ms 0.2ms 19.0MB 0ms 0ms wasmtime 17.0.0
wasm 1.rs 37ms 0.7ms 48.6MB 24ms 4ms node 18.19.0
java 1.java 66ms 3.1ms 54.7MB 64ms 24ms graal/jvm 17.0.8
java 1.java 73ms 1.9ms 43.8MB 74ms 14ms openjdk 21
java 1.java 73ms 2.7ms 43.9MB 80ms 14ms openjdk 23
java 1.java 189ms 6.4ms 42.6MB 84ms 132ms openjdk/zgc 21

knucleotide

Input: 2500000_in

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
java 3-m.java 976ms 15ms 142.6MB 3320ms 40ms openjdk 23
java 3-m.java 1035ms 59ms 129.1MB 3537ms 67ms openjdk 21
java 3-m.java 1111ms 17ms 183.2MB 3750ms 77ms graal/jvm 17.0.8
java 3-m.java 1429ms 32ms 178.3MB 4530ms 183ms openjdk/zgc 21

Input: 250000_in

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
java 3-m.java 314ms 22ms 88.4MB 907ms 47ms openjdk 23
java 3-m.java 329ms 5.5ms 100.1MB 987ms 50ms openjdk 21
java 3-m.java 337ms 30ms 145.3MB 897ms 57ms graal/jvm 17.0.8
java 3-m.java 428ms 11ms 98.6MB 890ms 150ms openjdk/zgc 21

mandelbrot

Input: 5000

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
wasm 8.rs 864ms 2.7ms 21.8MB 850ms 0ms wasmtime 17.0.0
wasm 8.rs 1081ms 21ms 54.1MB 1067ms 13ms node 18.19.0
java 1b.java 1159ms 6.4ms 54.5MB 1263ms 30ms openjdk 21
java 1b.java 1160ms 10ms 54.8MB 1273ms 23ms openjdk 23
java 1b.java 1196ms 32ms 107.7MB 1377ms 40ms graal/jvm 17.0.8
java 1.java 1255ms 1.2ms 131.4MB 1353ms 53ms graal/jvm 17.0.8
java 1b.java 1269ms 25ms 52.8MB 1257ms 137ms openjdk/zgc 21
java 1a.java 1650ms 5.1ms 54.9MB 1750ms 20ms openjdk 21
java 1a.java 1665ms 3.7ms 54.7MB 1760ms 17ms openjdk 23
java 1a.java 1686ms 18ms 103.8MB 1813ms 33ms graal/jvm 17.0.8
java 1.java 1695ms 6.4ms 202.3MB 1747ms 60ms openjdk 23
java 1.java 1697ms 4.4ms 258.0MB 1760ms 47ms openjdk 21
java 1a.java 1768ms 4.0ms 51.7MB 1740ms 143ms openjdk/zgc 21
java 1.java 2356ms 6.1ms 864.1MB 1797ms 667ms openjdk/zgc 21
java 2.java timeout 0.0ms 662.0MB 5350ms 123ms openjdk 21
java 2.java timeout 0.0ms 718.8MB 5263ms 137ms openjdk 23
java 2.java timeout 0.0ms 3397.0MB 3463ms 1890ms openjdk/zgc 21

Input: 1000

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
wasm 8.rs 44ms 0.3ms 18.9MB 37ms 3ms wasmtime 17.0.0
wasm 8.rs 85ms 3.1ms 51.0MB 80ms 3ms node 18.19.0
java 1b-m.java 177ms 1.0ms 49.4MB 273ms 17ms openjdk 21
java 1b-m.java 182ms 8.4ms 49.7MB 280ms 23ms openjdk 23
java 1a-m.java 188ms 3.7ms 50.9MB 287ms 23ms openjdk 21
java 1-m.java 190ms 3.8ms 81.4MB 267ms 27ms openjdk 21
java 1a-m.java 194ms 8.4ms 49.9MB 270ms 30ms openjdk 23
java 1-m.java 195ms 5.2ms 111.3MB 287ms 50ms graal/jvm 17.0.8
java 1-m.java 198ms 3.6ms 77.5MB 280ms 27ms openjdk 23
java 1a-m.java 220ms 15ms 103.9MB 330ms 40ms graal/jvm 17.0.8
java 1b-m.java 240ms 24ms 105.9MB 393ms 50ms graal/jvm 17.0.8
java 1b.java 309ms 29ms 47.6MB 307ms 137ms openjdk/zgc 21
java 1a.java 310ms 4.8ms 51.0MB 290ms 137ms openjdk/zgc 21
java 1.java 337ms 2.2ms 114.3MB 263ms 170ms openjdk/zgc 21
java 2-m.java 543ms 4.9ms 575.4MB 813ms 90ms openjdk 23
java 2-m.java 552ms 12ms 661.2MB 837ms 87ms openjdk 21
java 2.java 1585ms 4.1ms 1394.5MB 830ms 1050ms openjdk/zgc 21

merkletrees

Input: 17

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
java 1.java 399ms 1.6ms 680.1MB 480ms 80ms openjdk 21
java 1.java 400ms 2.6ms 658.4MB 477ms 80ms openjdk 23
java 1-m.java 411ms 5.6ms 638.2MB 593ms 120ms graal/jvm 17.0.8
wasm 1.rs 994ms 15ms 42.9MB 967ms 13ms wasmtime 17.0.0
java 1.java 1027ms 7.4ms 941.0MB 473ms 707ms openjdk/zgc 21
wasm 1.rs 1049ms 26ms 74.0MB 1027ms 20ms node 18.19.0

Input: 15

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
java 1-m.java 160ms 2.0ms 198.3MB 237ms 33ms openjdk 23
java 1-m.java 164ms 2.2ms 206.7MB 243ms 37ms openjdk 21
wasm 1.rs 222ms 0.8ms 24.9MB 210ms 0ms wasmtime 17.0.0
java 1-m.java 251ms 4.7ms 257.4MB 403ms 73ms graal/jvm 17.0.8
wasm 1.rs 258ms 2.2ms 55.9MB 243ms 17ms node 18.19.0
java 1.java 430ms 21ms 343.8MB 227ms 277ms openjdk/zgc 21

nbody

Input: 5000000

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
java 1.java 443ms 1.2ms 47.6MB 487ms 13ms openjdk 23
java 1.java 444ms 1.9ms 45.4MB 477ms 20ms openjdk 21
wasm 1.rs 448ms 1.3ms 18.8MB 430ms 0ms wasmtime 17.0.0
java 1.java 455ms 6.6ms 86.8MB 483ms 30ms graal/jvm 17.0.8
java 1.java 559ms 4.6ms 46.7MB 480ms 133ms openjdk/zgc 21
wasm 2.rs 569ms 0.7ms 18.8MB 557ms 0ms wasmtime 17.0.0
wasm 1.rs 787ms 145ms 50.0MB 773ms 7ms node 18.19.0
wasm 2.rs 871ms 3.1ms 51.1MB 860ms 7ms node 18.19.0
java 2.java 1234ms 5.9ms 597.7MB 1363ms 77ms openjdk 23
java 2.java 1238ms 9.8ms 647.8MB 1373ms 80ms openjdk 21
java 2.java 3177ms 56ms 2367.4MB 1670ms 1723ms openjdk/zgc 21

Input: 500000

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
wasm 1.rs 54ms 1.0ms 18.8MB 40ms 3ms wasmtime 17.0.0
wasm 2.rs 66ms 0.7ms 18.8MB 53ms 0ms wasmtime 17.0.0
wasm 1.rs 104ms 2.6ms 50.1MB 93ms 10ms node 18.19.0
java 1.java 119ms 1.1ms 45.5MB 147ms 23ms openjdk 21
java 1.java 120ms 0.2ms 47.8MB 153ms 20ms openjdk 23
wasm 2.rs 122ms 0.7ms 50.8MB 110ms 7ms node 18.19.0
java 1.java 126ms 5.3ms 87.5MB 157ms 27ms graal/jvm 17.0.8
java 1.java 243ms 2.9ms 46.7MB 163ms 140ms openjdk/zgc 21
java 2-m.java 295ms 2.6ms 352.8MB 433ms 50ms openjdk 23
java 2-m.java 298ms 4.2ms 362.9MB 443ms 50ms openjdk 21
java 2.java 681ms 8.7ms 528.1MB 440ms 427ms openjdk/zgc 21

nsieve

Input: 12

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
wasm 2.rs 346ms 3.4ms 23.8MB 337ms 0ms wasmtime 17.0.0
java 1.java 397ms 1.3ms 117.2MB 443ms 20ms openjdk 23
java 1.java 403ms 8.1ms 114.9MB 447ms 30ms openjdk 21
wasm 1.rs 515ms 31ms 57.9MB 500ms 3ms wasmtime 17.0.0
java 1.java 581ms 2.7ms 114.6MB 473ms 177ms openjdk/zgc 21
wasm 2.rs 589ms 5.8ms 54.8MB 580ms 3ms node 18.19.0
java 1-m.java 638ms 11ms 234.0MB 917ms 77ms graal/jvm 17.0.8
java 2.java 779ms 1.6ms 59.3MB 827ms 23ms openjdk 23
java 2.java 781ms 0.5ms 57.3MB 837ms 23ms openjdk 21
wasm 1.rs 812ms 6.1ms 89.4MB 797ms 17ms node 18.19.0
java 2.java 849ms 14ms 52.9MB 773ms 150ms openjdk/zgc 21
java 2-m.java 1353ms 17ms 264.4MB 2427ms 100ms graal/jvm 17.0.8

Input: 10

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
wasm 2.rs 90ms 1.5ms 20.0MB 70ms 0ms wasmtime 17.0.0
wasm 1.rs 107ms 11ms 28.7MB 90ms 3ms wasmtime 17.0.0
java 1.java 158ms 3.3ms 67.3MB 207ms 20ms openjdk 23
java 1.java 162ms 8.7ms 64.7MB 203ms 27ms openjdk 21
wasm 2.rs 173ms 1.8ms 51.1MB 167ms 0ms node 18.19.0
wasm 1.rs 184ms 0.9ms 59.9MB 160ms 17ms node 18.19.0
java 1-m.java 214ms 20ms 137.5MB 287ms 60ms graal/jvm 17.0.8
java 2.java 257ms 0.4ms 49.6MB 293ms 30ms openjdk 23
java 2.java 257ms 3.8ms 49.8MB 313ms 23ms openjdk 21
java 1.java 284ms 4.8ms 63.3MB 210ms 143ms openjdk/zgc 21
java 2.java 365ms 2.0ms 49.3MB 307ms 137ms openjdk/zgc 21
java 2-m.java 582ms 94ms 203.7MB 1050ms 63ms graal/jvm 17.0.8

pidigits

Input: 8000

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
wasm 2.rs 2223ms 3.0ms 19.8MB 2210ms 0ms wasmtime 17.0.0
wasm 2.rs 2256ms 1.9ms 56.4MB 2277ms 30ms node 18.19.0
java 1.java 3191ms 33ms 448.1MB 3637ms 107ms graal/jvm 17.0.8
java 1.java 3685ms 53ms 351.8MB 4547ms 103ms openjdk 21
java 1.java 3771ms 108ms 349.5MB 4527ms 107ms openjdk 23
java 1.java timeout 0.0ms 1824.0MB 4710ms 1153ms openjdk/zgc 21

Input: 4000

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
wasm 2.rs 526ms 0.4ms 18.9MB 507ms 0ms wasmtime 17.0.0
wasm 2.rs 567ms 0.1ms 56.3MB 590ms 23ms node 18.19.0
java 1.java 886ms 25ms 443.5MB 1233ms 90ms graal/jvm 17.0.8
java 1-m.java 985ms 30ms 350.6MB 1777ms 103ms openjdk 21
java 1-m.java 1029ms 9.0ms 353.0MB 1767ms 87ms openjdk 23
java 1.java 1995ms 36ms 1348.5MB 1753ms 1007ms openjdk/zgc 21

regex-redux

Input: 2500000_in

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
java 3.java timeout 0.0ms 411.4MB 5437ms 90ms graal/jvm 17.0.8
java 3.java timeout 0.0ms 303.5MB 5317ms 57ms openjdk 21
java 3.java timeout 0.0ms 303.4MB 5307ms 70ms openjdk 23
java 3.java timeout 0.0ms 469.6MB 4963ms 307ms openjdk/zgc 21

Input: 250000_in

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
java 3-m.java 783ms 12ms 181.0MB 1160ms 67ms graal/jvm 17.0.8
java 3-m.java 809ms 17ms 130.9MB 1203ms 37ms openjdk 21
java 3-m.java 810ms 3.6ms 130.8MB 1213ms 43ms openjdk 23
java 3.java 967ms 17ms 133.5MB 1183ms 177ms openjdk/zgc 21

spectral-norm

Input: 8000

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
java 2-m.java 1956ms 9.0ms 48.0MB 7453ms 37ms openjdk 23
java 2-m.java 1957ms 12ms 47.8MB 7463ms 27ms openjdk 21
java 2-m.java 2081ms 13ms 45.6MB 7440ms 140ms openjdk/zgc 21
java 2-m.java 2462ms 20ms 94.8MB 8777ms 47ms graal/jvm 17.0.8
wasm 7.rs 3705ms 9.4ms 49.9MB 3690ms 7ms node 18.19.0
wasm 2.rs 3742ms 13ms 18.3MB 3727ms 0ms wasmtime 17.0.0
wasm 2.rs 3746ms 4.9ms 49.7MB 3730ms 7ms node 18.19.0
wasm 7.rs 4973ms 5.7ms 18.3MB 4957ms 3ms wasmtime 17.0.0

Input: 4000

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
java 2-m.java 583ms 3.4ms 47.7MB 2050ms 20ms openjdk 21
java 2-m.java 586ms 3.4ms 47.9MB 2070ms 20ms openjdk 23
java 2-m.java 713ms 3.2ms 45.6MB 2100ms 133ms openjdk/zgc 21
java 2-m.java 744ms 11ms 100.2MB 2513ms 37ms graal/jvm 17.0.8
wasm 2.rs 942ms 1.0ms 18.3MB 930ms 0ms wasmtime 17.0.0
wasm 7.rs 954ms 2.8ms 49.9MB 937ms 10ms node 18.19.0
wasm 2.rs 963ms 1.3ms 49.4MB 953ms 3ms node 18.19.0
wasm 7.rs 1251ms 3.1ms 18.2MB 1237ms 0ms wasmtime 17.0.0

Input: 2000

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
java 2-m.java 233ms 0.9ms 47.6MB 667ms 20ms openjdk 21
java 2-m.java 243ms 5.5ms 47.9MB 727ms 23ms openjdk 23
wasm 2.rs 245ms 0.7ms 18.7MB 230ms 0ms wasmtime 17.0.0
wasm 7.rs 268ms 1.8ms 49.7MB 253ms 10ms node 18.19.0
wasm 2.rs 271ms 2.4ms 49.3MB 263ms 3ms node 18.19.0
java 2-m.java 277ms 8.5ms 98.5MB 783ms 43ms graal/jvm 17.0.8
wasm 7.rs 320ms 1.0ms 18.2MB 303ms 0ms wasmtime 17.0.0
java 2-m.java 372ms 13ms 45.5MB 740ms 133ms openjdk/zgc 21

coro-prime-sieve

Input: 4000

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
wasm 3.rs 1207ms 4.1ms 55.8MB 1250ms 20ms node 18.19.0
wasm 3.rs 1234ms 9.3ms 21.1MB 1217ms 3ms wasmtime 17.0.0
java 1-m.java 1479ms 121ms 258.9MB 5493ms 127ms openjdk 23
java 1-m.java 1911ms 174ms 261.1MB 7210ms 130ms openjdk 21
java 1-m.java 2816ms 55ms 1230.1MB 8900ms 1077ms openjdk/zgc 21

Input: 1000

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
wasm 3.rs 89ms 3.1ms 19.7MB 77ms 0ms wasmtime 17.0.0
wasm 3.rs 129ms 0.6ms 57.2MB 157ms 23ms node 18.19.0
java 1-m.java 370ms 49ms 84.9MB 1203ms 50ms openjdk 23
java 1-m.java 436ms 31ms 123.1MB 1460ms 57ms openjdk 21
java 1-m.java 668ms 28ms 216.5MB 1783ms 257ms openjdk/zgc 21