Programming Language and compiler
Benchmarks

OCaml VS Java benchmarks

Current benchmark data was generated on Fri Aug 01 2025, full log can be found HERE

CONTRIBUTIONS are WELCOME!

[x86_64][4 cores] AMD EPYC 7763 64-Core Processor (Model 1)

* -m in a file name stands for multi-threading or multi-processing

* -i in a file name stands for direct intrinsics usage. (Usage of simd intrinsics via libraries is not counted)

* -ffi in a file name stands for non-stdlib FFI usage

* (You may find time < time(user) + time(sys) for some non-parallelized programs, the overhead is from GC or JIT compiler, which are allowed to take advantage of multi-cores as that's more close to real-world scenarios.)

binarytrees

Input: 18

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
java 2.java 460ms 9.2ms 574.1MB 553ms 83ms openjdk 21
java 2.java 470ms 8.8ms 624.4MB 577ms 97ms openjdk 23
java 2-m.java 480ms 9.9ms 640.7MB 680ms 110ms graal/jvm 17.0.8
java 2.java 1176ms 13ms 1047.1MB 593ms 757ms openjdk/zgc 21
ocaml 1.ml 3020ms 42ms 157.0MB 2927ms 77ms ocaml 5.3.0

Input: 15

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
java 2.java 120ms 4.9ms 168.1MB 150ms 30ms openjdk 21
java 2-m.java 123ms 0.5ms 97.0MB 173ms 23ms openjdk 23
java 2-m.java 144ms 3.8ms 224.3MB 210ms 57ms graal/jvm 17.0.8
ocaml 1.ml 223ms 9.3ms 19.2MB 207ms 3ms ocaml 5.3.0
java 2.java 304ms 3.3ms 241.5MB 163ms 190ms openjdk/zgc 21

fannkuch-redux

Input: 11

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
java 1-m.java 901ms 5.9ms 96.3MB 3333ms 40ms graal/jvm 17.0.8
java 1-m.java 977ms 10ms 48.5MB 3650ms 23ms openjdk 21
java 1-m.java 989ms 7.9ms 50.1MB 3647ms 20ms openjdk 23
java 1-m.java 1042ms 4.8ms 45.7MB 3417ms 137ms openjdk/zgc 21
ocaml 2.ml 2910ms 2.6ms 4.9MB 2900ms 0ms ocaml 5.3.0

Input: 10

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
java 1-m.java 188ms 18ms 48.6MB 537ms 20ms openjdk 21
java 1-m.java 195ms 1.4ms 50.2MB 520ms 20ms openjdk 23
java 1-m.java 202ms 10ms 96.3MB 560ms 40ms graal/jvm 17.0.8
ocaml 2.ml 244ms 0.9ms 4.9MB 230ms 0ms ocaml 5.3.0
java 1-m.java 309ms 8.1ms 46.1MB 513ms 137ms openjdk/zgc 21

fasta

Input: 2500000

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
ocaml 6.ml 346ms 1.8ms 24.8MB 333ms 0ms ocaml 5.3.0
java 4.java 444ms 5.1ms 102.5MB 623ms 37ms graal/jvm 17.0.8
java 4.java 449ms 3.8ms 47.3MB 530ms 17ms openjdk 21
java 4.java 459ms 2.0ms 49.0MB 543ms 23ms openjdk 23
java 4.java 565ms 3.7ms 45.2MB 533ms 137ms openjdk/zgc 21

Input: 250000

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
ocaml 6.ml 39ms 0.4ms 7.3MB 30ms 0ms ocaml 5.3.0
java 4.java 118ms 6.7ms 46.6MB 160ms 17ms openjdk 21
java 4-m.java 125ms 7.8ms 89.8MB 170ms 30ms graal/jvm 17.0.8
java 4.java 125ms 0.3ms 47.7MB 167ms 17ms openjdk 23
java 4.java 239ms 8.3ms 44.0MB 157ms 137ms openjdk/zgc 21

helloworld

Input: QwQ

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
ocaml 1.ml 1.8ms 0.1ms 5.1MB 0ms 0ms ocaml 5.3.0
java 1.java 62ms 1.4ms 52.9MB 64ms 20ms graal/jvm 17.0.8
java 1.java 69ms 4.7ms 43.9MB 78ms 10ms openjdk 21
java 1.java 73ms 1.9ms 44.7MB 74ms 16ms openjdk 23
java 1.java 186ms 3.9ms 42.9MB 82ms 132ms openjdk/zgc 21

lru

Input: 1000 1000000

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
ocaml 1.ml 187ms 2.5ms 6.4MB 180ms 0ms ocaml 5.3.0

Input: 1000 3000000

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
ocaml 1.ml 537ms 13ms 6.6MB 523ms 0ms ocaml 5.3.0

Input: 100 500000

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
ocaml 1.ml 75ms 0.2ms 5.9MB 67ms 0ms ocaml 5.3.0

merkletrees

Input: 17

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
java 1.java 397ms 3.2ms 536.3MB 483ms 97ms openjdk 23
java 1.java 416ms 5.0ms 677.5MB 473ms 100ms openjdk 21
java 1-m.java 424ms 8.3ms 643.7MB 600ms 123ms graal/jvm 17.0.8
java 1.java 1020ms 3.1ms 946.5MB 477ms 693ms openjdk/zgc 21
ocaml 1.ml 1113ms 16ms 70.2MB 1073ms 27ms ocaml 5.3.0
ocaml 2.ml 2055ms 6.7ms 91.8MB 2000ms 40ms ocaml 5.3.0

Input: 15

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
ocaml 1.ml 146ms 2.9ms 21.7MB 130ms 7ms ocaml 5.3.0
java 1-m.java 163ms 2.8ms 158.5MB 247ms 40ms openjdk 23
java 1-m.java 166ms 1.2ms 207.9MB 240ms 40ms openjdk 21
java 1-m.java 210ms 6.3ms 253.8MB 347ms 60ms graal/jvm 17.0.8
ocaml 2.ml 358ms 7.5ms 27.6MB 340ms 3ms ocaml 5.3.0
java 1.java 404ms 6.6ms 341.9MB 220ms 260ms openjdk/zgc 21

nbody

Input: 5000000

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
ocaml 1.ml 373ms 2.9ms 5.2MB 363ms 0ms ocaml 5.3.0
java 1.java 442ms 1.6ms 81.4MB 473ms 23ms graal/jvm 17.0.8
java 1.java 445ms 1.9ms 47.7MB 480ms 17ms openjdk 23
java 1.java 446ms 15ms 45.2MB 487ms 13ms openjdk 21
java 1.java 567ms 4.2ms 44.9MB 490ms 140ms openjdk/zgc 21
java 2.java 1238ms 17ms 608.0MB 1377ms 77ms openjdk 21
java 2.java 1243ms 5.5ms 744.5MB 1360ms 97ms openjdk 23
java 2.java 3248ms 81ms 2438.6MB 1660ms 1800ms openjdk/zgc 21

Input: 500000

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
ocaml 1.ml 42ms 0.9ms 5.3MB 30ms 0ms ocaml 5.3.0
java 1.java 116ms 4.3ms 45.3MB 153ms 20ms openjdk 21
java 1.java 121ms 0.2ms 47.8MB 153ms 17ms openjdk 23
java 1-m.java 122ms 8.7ms 81.5MB 153ms 33ms graal/jvm 17.0.8
java 1.java 247ms 2.0ms 44.8MB 173ms 140ms openjdk/zgc 21
java 2-m.java 291ms 5.9ms 373.0MB 427ms 53ms openjdk 21
java 2-m.java 307ms 7.7ms 397.4MB 443ms 67ms openjdk 23
java 2.java 671ms 7.7ms 522.5MB 477ms 387ms openjdk/zgc 21

nsieve

Input: 12

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
java 1.java 387ms 7.8ms 118.0MB 423ms 27ms openjdk 23
java 1.java 394ms 5.7ms 115.1MB 443ms 27ms openjdk 21
java 1.java 562ms 3.9ms 112.6MB 470ms 167ms openjdk/zgc 21
java 1-m.java 600ms 11ms 206.8MB 877ms 60ms graal/jvm 17.0.8
java 2.java 775ms 5.6ms 57.1MB 827ms 23ms openjdk 21
java 2.java 783ms 4.2ms 60.4MB 833ms 17ms openjdk 23
java 2.java 839ms 5.9ms 53.4MB 773ms 137ms openjdk/zgc 21
ocaml 1.ml 932ms 21ms 543.2MB 877ms 43ms ocaml 5.3.0
java 2-m.java 1323ms 9.8ms 232.4MB 2367ms 107ms graal/jvm 17.0.8
ocaml 2.ml 1887ms 12ms 19.0MB 1873ms 0ms ocaml 5.3.0

Input: 10

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
java 1.java 151ms 1.0ms 68.0MB 197ms 20ms openjdk 23
java 1.java 152ms 7.0ms 64.9MB 203ms 13ms openjdk 21
ocaml 1.ml 175ms 1.5ms 142.1MB 150ms 10ms ocaml 5.3.0
java 1-m.java 195ms 2.0ms 123.9MB 273ms 37ms graal/jvm 17.0.8
java 2.java 259ms 2.0ms 50.4MB 310ms 20ms openjdk 23
java 2.java 259ms 2.3ms 50.0MB 323ms 13ms openjdk 21
java 1.java 285ms 7.4ms 61.4MB 207ms 150ms openjdk/zgc 21
java 2.java 366ms 2.5ms 47.6MB 303ms 140ms openjdk/zgc 21
ocaml 2.ml 469ms 6.0ms 9.1MB 457ms 0ms ocaml 5.3.0
java 2-m.java 471ms 0.4ms 190.4MB 827ms 67ms graal/jvm 17.0.8

regex-redux

Input: 2500000_in

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
java 3.java timeout 0.0ms 408.0MB 5403ms 83ms graal/jvm 17.0.8
java 3.java timeout 0.0ms 302.6MB 5337ms 57ms openjdk 21
java 3.java timeout 0.0ms 304.6MB 5330ms 57ms openjdk 23
java 3.java timeout 0.0ms 469.2MB 4967ms 293ms openjdk/zgc 21
ocaml 2.ml timeout 0.0ms 462.8MB 4823ms 167ms ocaml 5.3.0

Input: 250000_in

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
ocaml 2.ml 549ms 3.2ms 57.1MB 510ms 23ms ocaml 5.3.0
java 3-m.java 752ms 7.5ms 175.1MB 1097ms 60ms graal/jvm 17.0.8
java 3-m.java 797ms 5.7ms 130.5MB 1187ms 37ms openjdk 21
java 3-m.java 802ms 8.5ms 130.8MB 1220ms 30ms openjdk 23
java 3.java 975ms 23ms 134.2MB 1167ms 183ms openjdk/zgc 21

spectral-norm

Input: 8000

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
java 2-m.java 1989ms 3.1ms 47.7MB 7617ms 27ms openjdk 21
java 2-m.java 1990ms 13ms 48.5MB 7613ms 23ms openjdk 23
java 2-m.java 2120ms 13ms 45.5MB 7643ms 150ms openjdk/zgc 21
java 2-m.java 2517ms 4.4ms 95.1MB 9440ms 40ms graal/jvm 17.0.8
ocaml 2.ml 4574ms 4.7ms 6.4MB 4563ms 0ms ocaml 5.3.0

Input: 4000

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
java 2-m.java 605ms 4.4ms 47.8MB 2147ms 20ms openjdk 21
java 2-m.java 612ms 11ms 48.8MB 2177ms 23ms openjdk 23
java 2-m.java 724ms 6.4ms 45.4MB 2113ms 143ms openjdk/zgc 21
java 2-m.java 765ms 8.2ms 94.9MB 2697ms 33ms graal/jvm 17.0.8
ocaml 2.ml 1166ms 5.8ms 5.9MB 1153ms 0ms ocaml 5.3.0

Input: 2000

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
java 2-m.java 252ms 7.4ms 47.9MB 763ms 17ms openjdk 21
java 2-m.java 258ms 6.1ms 48.6MB 780ms 17ms openjdk 23
ocaml 2.ml 295ms 3.8ms 5.2MB 283ms 0ms ocaml 5.3.0
java 2-m.java 303ms 24ms 93.3MB 927ms 37ms graal/jvm 17.0.8
java 2-m.java 376ms 7.1ms 45.5MB 770ms 140ms openjdk/zgc 21