Programming Language and compiler
Benchmarks

Nim VS Java benchmarks

Current benchmark data was generated on Mon Mar 31 2025, full log can be found HERE

CONTRIBUTIONS are WELCOME!

[x86_64][4 cores] AMD EPYC 7763 64-Core Processor (Model 1)

* -m in a file name stands for multi-threading or multi-processing

* -i in a file name stands for direct intrinsics usage. (Usage of simd intrinsics via libraries is not counted)

* -ffi in a file name stands for non-stdlib FFI usage

* (You may find time < time(user) + time(sys) for some non-parallelized programs, the overhead is from GC or JIT compiler, which are allowed to take advantage of multi-cores as that's more close to real-world scenarios.)

binarytrees

Input: 18

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
java 2.java 446ms 6.6ms 574.3MB 540ms 80ms openjdk 21
java 2-m.java 461ms 12ms 639.3MB 650ms 120ms graal/jvm 17.0.8
java 2.java 467ms 4.6ms 626.3MB 577ms 97ms openjdk 23
nim 2.nim 951ms 22ms 34.6MB 933ms 0ms nim 2.2.2
nim 2.nim 1044ms 46ms 34.9MB 1030ms 0ms nim/clang 2.2.2
java 2.java 1242ms 10ms 1063.4MB 587ms 813ms openjdk/zgc 21

Input: 15

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
nim 2.nim 91ms 1.0ms 5.5MB 80ms 0ms nim 2.2.2
nim 2.nim 92ms 1.1ms 5.8MB 80ms 0ms nim/clang 2.2.2
java 2-m.java 122ms 0.5ms 168.2MB 157ms 33ms openjdk 21
java 2-m.java 126ms 6.9ms 98.0MB 163ms 30ms openjdk 23
java 2-m.java 147ms 7.7ms 226.3MB 220ms 57ms graal/jvm 17.0.8
java 2.java 305ms 2.4ms 241.7MB 147ms 210ms openjdk/zgc 21

coro-prime-sieve

Input: 4000

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
java 1-m.java 2160ms 236ms 259.0MB 8187ms 127ms openjdk 21
java 1-m.java 2442ms 127ms 242.9MB 9230ms 147ms openjdk 23
java 1-m.java 2866ms 129ms 1219.2MB 9147ms 1173ms openjdk/zgc 21
nim 1.nim timeout 0.0ms 553.5MB 2527ms 2017ms nim 2.2.2
nim 1.nim timeout 0.0ms 555.8MB 2507ms 2037ms nim/clang 2.2.2

Input: 1000

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
java 1-m.java 418ms 14ms 92.2MB 1377ms 60ms openjdk 23
java 1-m.java 476ms 18ms 117.2MB 1580ms 63ms openjdk 21
java 1-m.java 673ms 18ms 230.2MB 1827ms 257ms openjdk/zgc 21
nim 1.nim 4347ms 12ms 519.8MB 2150ms 1773ms nim/clang 2.2.2
nim 1.nim 4379ms 10ms 519.4MB 2190ms 1760ms nim 2.2.2

fasta

Input: 2500000

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
nim 2.nim 189ms 2.4ms 1.5MB 177ms 0ms nim 2.2.2
nim 2.nim 237ms 2.8ms 1.8MB 227ms 0ms nim/clang 2.2.2
java 4.java 438ms 1.8ms 100.5MB 603ms 43ms graal/jvm 17.0.8
java 4.java 455ms 3.1ms 47.6MB 537ms 20ms openjdk 21
java 4.java 458ms 2.9ms 49.1MB 547ms 17ms openjdk 23
nim 1.nim 553ms 0.6ms 1.8MB 447ms 90ms nim/clang 2.2.2
java 4.java 570ms 1.8ms 45.0MB 543ms 137ms openjdk/zgc 21
nim 1.nim 579ms 2.1ms 1.5MB 477ms 87ms nim 2.2.2

Input: 250000

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
nim 2.nim 21ms 0.0ms 1.5MB 10ms 0ms nim 2.2.2
nim 2.nim 26ms 0.2ms 1.8MB 20ms 0ms nim/clang 2.2.2
nim 1.nim 59ms 1.2ms 1.8MB 40ms 10ms nim/clang 2.2.2
nim 1.nim 61ms 0.5ms 1.5MB 40ms 7ms nim 2.2.2
java 4.java 123ms 1.3ms 46.6MB 163ms 13ms openjdk 21
java 4.java 125ms 5.6ms 47.9MB 170ms 17ms openjdk 23
java 4-m.java 136ms 11ms 95.6MB 203ms 37ms graal/jvm 17.0.8
java 4.java 247ms 1.3ms 43.9MB 167ms 140ms openjdk/zgc 21

helloworld

Input: QwQ

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
nim 1.nim 1.1ms 0.0ms 1.5MB 0ms 0ms nim 2.2.2
nim 1.nim 1.2ms 0.0ms 1.9MB 0ms 0ms nim/clang 2.2.2
java 1.java 61ms 2.2ms 52.6MB 64ms 20ms graal/jvm 17.0.8
java 1.java 68ms 7.8ms 43.6MB 76ms 12ms openjdk 21
java 1.java 72ms 4.4ms 44.7MB 78ms 16ms openjdk 23
java 1.java 195ms 7.0ms 43.0MB 86ms 138ms openjdk/zgc 21

lru

Input: 1000 1000000

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
nim 2.nim 111ms 1.6ms 1.6MB 100ms 0ms nim/clang 2.2.2
nim 2.nim 113ms 2.6ms 1.4MB 103ms 0ms nim 2.2.2
nim 1.nim timeout 0.0ms 1.3MB 4990ms 0ms nim 2.2.2
nim 1.nim timeout 0.0ms 1.5MB 4990ms 0ms nim/clang 2.2.2

Input: 1000 3000000

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
nim 2.nim 324ms 1.9ms 1.6MB 313ms 0ms nim/clang 2.2.2
nim 2.nim 326ms 1.9ms 1.6MB 320ms 0ms nim 2.2.2
nim 1.nim timeout 0.0ms 1.3MB 4990ms 0ms nim 2.2.2
nim 1.nim timeout 0.0ms 1.5MB 4990ms 0ms nim/clang 2.2.2

Input: 100 500000

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
nim 2.nim 50ms 1.1ms 1.3MB 40ms 0ms nim 2.2.2
nim 2.nim 50ms 0.7ms 1.6MB 40ms 0ms nim/clang 2.2.2
nim 1.nim 440ms 2.2ms 1.5MB 430ms 0ms nim/clang 2.2.2
nim 1.nim 481ms 0.8ms 1.3MB 470ms 0ms nim 2.2.2

mandelbrot

Input: 5000

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
nim 1.nim 388ms 0.9ms 4.7MB 380ms 0ms nim/clang 2.2.2
nim 1.nim 579ms 3.4ms 4.4MB 570ms 0ms nim 2.2.2
java 1b.java 1146ms 8.8ms 54.1MB 1247ms 17ms openjdk 21
java 1b.java 1162ms 10ms 55.3MB 1270ms 23ms openjdk 23
java 1b.java 1198ms 25ms 109.6MB 1430ms 43ms graal/jvm 17.0.8
java 1.java 1249ms 5.1ms 136.5MB 1367ms 43ms graal/jvm 17.0.8
java 1b.java 1281ms 19ms 51.5MB 1273ms 140ms openjdk/zgc 21
java 1a.java 1652ms 2.5ms 54.9MB 1747ms 20ms openjdk 21
java 1a.java 1654ms 6.1ms 56.0MB 1743ms 27ms openjdk 23
java 1a.java 1679ms 2.4ms 102.8MB 1787ms 40ms graal/jvm 17.0.8
java 1.java 1700ms 4.8ms 202.0MB 1770ms 43ms openjdk 21
java 1.java 1711ms 9.8ms 312.3MB 1763ms 57ms openjdk 23
java 1a.java 1779ms 2.3ms 51.9MB 1757ms 140ms openjdk/zgc 21
java 1.java 2388ms 7.1ms 831.5MB 1797ms 697ms openjdk/zgc 21
java 2.java timeout 0.0ms 630.0MB 5257ms 117ms openjdk 21
java 2.java timeout 0.0ms 768.6MB 5283ms 120ms openjdk 23
java 2.java timeout 0.0ms 3385.3MB 3327ms 2027ms openjdk/zgc 21

Input: 1000

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
nim 1.nim 19ms 0.3ms 1.9MB 10ms 0ms nim/clang 2.2.2
nim 1.nim 26ms 0.4ms 1.6MB 20ms 0ms nim 2.2.2
java 1b-m.java 179ms 6.3ms 50.8MB 277ms 23ms openjdk 23
java 1a-m.java 187ms 1.1ms 50.6MB 290ms 20ms openjdk 21
java 1-m.java 188ms 4.5ms 82.0MB 260ms 33ms openjdk 21
java 1b-m.java 190ms 7.1ms 49.8MB 307ms 20ms openjdk 21
java 1-m.java 192ms 5.7ms 86.9MB 263ms 30ms openjdk 23
java 1a-m.java 195ms 2.0ms 52.1MB 307ms 20ms openjdk 23
java 1-m.java 200ms 4.8ms 111.7MB 310ms 40ms graal/jvm 17.0.8
java 1b-m.java 206ms 2.0ms 99.8MB 340ms 40ms graal/jvm 17.0.8
java 1a-m.java 206ms 3.2ms 96.7MB 310ms 40ms graal/jvm 17.0.8
java 1a.java 315ms 1.1ms 48.0MB 297ms 143ms openjdk/zgc 21
java 1b.java 315ms 11ms 47.7MB 310ms 143ms openjdk/zgc 21
java 1.java 338ms 3.9ms 114.2MB 260ms 170ms openjdk/zgc 21
java 2-m.java 545ms 11ms 602.9MB 827ms 90ms openjdk 21
java 2-m.java 561ms 7.3ms 835.7MB 843ms 97ms openjdk 23
java 2.java 1624ms 57ms 1404.0MB 850ms 1090ms openjdk/zgc 21

merkletrees

Input: 17

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
java 1.java 395ms 3.2ms 679.6MB 470ms 87ms openjdk 21
java 1.java 403ms 1.6ms 543.2MB 493ms 93ms openjdk 23
java 1-m.java 412ms 16ms 637.2MB 607ms 107ms graal/jvm 17.0.8
nim 1.nim 534ms 2.9ms 34.6MB 517ms 0ms nim 2.2.2
nim 1.nim 631ms 20ms 34.9MB 613ms 3ms nim/clang 2.2.2
java 1.java 1076ms 3.5ms 966.1MB 440ms 750ms openjdk/zgc 21

Input: 15

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
nim 1.nim 114ms 2.7ms 9.6MB 100ms 0ms nim 2.2.2
nim 1.nim 135ms 3.0ms 9.9MB 123ms 0ms nim/clang 2.2.2
java 1-m.java 164ms 2.5ms 206.3MB 230ms 47ms openjdk 21
java 1-m.java 165ms 2.0ms 158.9MB 240ms 40ms openjdk 23
java 1-m.java 223ms 6.9ms 254.1MB 370ms 57ms graal/jvm 17.0.8
java 1.java 415ms 11ms 341.7MB 217ms 273ms openjdk/zgc 21

nbody

Input: 5000000

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
nim 2.nim 319ms 1.2ms 1.8MB 310ms 0ms nim 2.2.2
nim 2.nim 342ms 0.5ms 2.0MB 330ms 0ms nim/clang 2.2.2
java 1.java 438ms 4.2ms 48.0MB 470ms 17ms openjdk 23
java 1.java 438ms 4.3ms 45.2MB 473ms 20ms openjdk 21
java 1.java 447ms 2.7ms 81.5MB 477ms 30ms graal/jvm 17.0.8
java 1.java 570ms 1.1ms 45.0MB 487ms 143ms openjdk/zgc 21
java 2.java 1224ms 17ms 555.8MB 1360ms 67ms openjdk 21
java 2.java 1249ms 7.4ms 776.3MB 1370ms 97ms openjdk 23
java 2.java 3395ms 149ms 2652.0MB 1667ms 1940ms openjdk/zgc 21

Input: 500000

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
nim 2.nim 34ms 0.6ms 1.8MB 27ms 0ms nim 2.2.2
nim 2.nim 37ms 1.4ms 2.0MB 30ms 0ms nim/clang 2.2.2
java 1.java 116ms 3.6ms 81.6MB 143ms 30ms graal/jvm 17.0.8
java 1.java 117ms 0.6ms 44.9MB 153ms 20ms openjdk 21
java 1.java 120ms 2.2ms 47.9MB 153ms 20ms openjdk 23
java 1.java 243ms 3.2ms 44.8MB 160ms 140ms openjdk/zgc 21
java 2-m.java 294ms 6.4ms 364.7MB 423ms 57ms openjdk 21
java 2-m.java 308ms 8.6ms 401.9MB 447ms 60ms openjdk 23
java 2.java 697ms 16ms 537.4MB 467ms 410ms openjdk/zgc 21

nsieve

Input: 12

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
nim 1.nim 271ms 8.1ms 41.5MB 257ms 0ms nim 2.2.2
nim 1.nim 298ms 2.6ms 41.8MB 287ms 0ms nim/clang 2.2.2
java 1.java 383ms 7.9ms 114.9MB 430ms 27ms openjdk 21
java 1.java 389ms 4.7ms 118.3MB 433ms 23ms openjdk 23
java 1.java 557ms 11ms 112.8MB 463ms 167ms openjdk/zgc 21
java 1-m.java 598ms 27ms 233.2MB 870ms 70ms graal/jvm 17.0.8
java 2.java 773ms 7.9ms 57.6MB 830ms 17ms openjdk 21
java 2.java 778ms 4.5ms 60.5MB 830ms 20ms openjdk 23
java 2.java 853ms 16ms 53.4MB 783ms 143ms openjdk/zgc 21
java 2-m.java 1372ms 31ms 247.6MB 2460ms 100ms graal/jvm 17.0.8

Input: 10

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
nim 1.nim 51ms 0.5ms 11.5MB 40ms 0ms nim 2.2.2
nim 1.nim 57ms 0.8ms 11.8MB 50ms 0ms nim/clang 2.2.2
java 1.java 153ms 2.7ms 68.5MB 197ms 23ms openjdk 23
java 1.java 154ms 2.2ms 64.7MB 207ms 17ms openjdk 21
java 1-m.java 206ms 11ms 137.5MB 283ms 50ms graal/jvm 17.0.8
java 2.java 254ms 2.5ms 49.8MB 317ms 17ms openjdk 21
java 2.java 263ms 5.2ms 50.7MB 313ms 17ms openjdk 23
java 1.java 279ms 5.2ms 61.5MB 200ms 143ms openjdk/zgc 21
java 2.java 368ms 2.4ms 47.7MB 303ms 143ms openjdk/zgc 21
java 2-m.java 474ms 5.0ms 145.4MB 840ms 60ms graal/jvm 17.0.8

regex-redux

Input: 2500000_in

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
nim 1.nim 1633ms 8.8ms 164.1MB 1603ms 13ms nim/clang 2.2.2
nim 1.nim 1703ms 20ms 163.9MB 1670ms 20ms nim 2.2.2
java 3.java timeout 0.0ms 407.6MB 5393ms 87ms graal/jvm 17.0.8
java 3.java timeout 0.0ms 302.3MB 5340ms 60ms openjdk 21
java 3.java timeout 0.0ms 304.8MB 5323ms 63ms openjdk 23
java 3.java timeout 0.0ms 467.8MB 4960ms 310ms openjdk/zgc 21

Input: 250000_in

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
nim 1.nim 173ms 2.3ms 20.9MB 160ms 0ms nim/clang 2.2.2
nim 1.nim 178ms 2.0ms 20.6MB 163ms 0ms nim 2.2.2
java 3-m.java 761ms 6.1ms 177.1MB 1127ms 53ms graal/jvm 17.0.8
java 3-m.java 795ms 12ms 130.7MB 1180ms 33ms openjdk 21
java 3-m.java 821ms 23ms 132.4MB 1233ms 33ms openjdk 23
java 3.java 980ms 36ms 134.0MB 1170ms 197ms openjdk/zgc 21

spectral-norm

Input: 8000

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
java 2-m.java 1976ms 1.3ms 47.8MB 7553ms 27ms openjdk 21
java 2-m.java 1986ms 6.0ms 48.4MB 7583ms 20ms openjdk 23
java 2-m.java 2103ms 11ms 45.5MB 7567ms 150ms openjdk/zgc 21
java 2-m.java 2484ms 35ms 94.3MB 9307ms 47ms graal/jvm 17.0.8
nim 1.nim 3590ms 1.4ms 1.6MB 3580ms 0ms nim/clang 2.2.2
nim 1.nim 3596ms 7.0ms 1.9MB 3583ms 0ms nim 2.2.2

Input: 4000

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
java 2-m.java 606ms 6.9ms 48.4MB 2150ms 20ms openjdk 23
java 2-m.java 608ms 6.0ms 47.9MB 2147ms 20ms openjdk 21
java 2-m.java 728ms 4.7ms 45.4MB 2140ms 143ms openjdk/zgc 21
java 2-m.java 766ms 2.2ms 95.1MB 2697ms 40ms graal/jvm 17.0.8
nim 1.nim 899ms 0.8ms 1.5MB 890ms 0ms nim/clang 2.2.2
nim 1.nim 901ms 1.6ms 1.3MB 890ms 0ms nim 2.2.2

Input: 2000

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
nim 1.nim 227ms 0.3ms 1.5MB 220ms 0ms nim/clang 2.2.2
nim 1.nim 229ms 1.2ms 1.3MB 220ms 0ms nim 2.2.2
java 2-m.java 253ms 9.4ms 47.4MB 750ms 20ms openjdk 21
java 2-m.java 258ms 12ms 48.5MB 773ms 20ms openjdk 23
java 2-m.java 300ms 28ms 94.1MB 910ms 43ms graal/jvm 17.0.8
java 2-m.java 382ms 8.6ms 45.6MB 763ms 140ms openjdk/zgc 21