Programming Language and compiler
Benchmarks

Nim VS Kotlin benchmarks

Current benchmark data was generated on Mon May 19 2025, full log can be found HERE

CONTRIBUTIONS are WELCOME!

[x86_64][4 cores] AMD EPYC 7763 64-Core Processor (Model 1)

* -m in a file name stands for multi-threading or multi-processing

* -i in a file name stands for direct intrinsics usage. (Usage of simd intrinsics via libraries is not counted)

* -ffi in a file name stands for non-stdlib FFI usage

* (You may find time < time(user) + time(sys) for some non-parallelized programs, the overhead is from GC or JIT compiler, which are allowed to take advantage of multi-cores as that's more close to real-world scenarios.)

binarytrees

Input: 18

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
kotlin 1.kt 491ms 9.8ms 576.6MB 603ms 80ms kotlin/jvm 21
nim 2.nim 836ms 40ms 34.9MB 817ms 7ms nim 2.2.4
nim 2.nim 971ms 5.9ms 35.2MB 953ms 3ms nim/clang 2.2.4
kotlin 1.kt 4175ms 24ms 143.7MB 4367ms 73ms kotlin/native 2.1.20

Input: 15

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
nim 2.nim 77ms 1.2ms 5.5MB 70ms 0ms nim 2.2.4
nim 2.nim 93ms 2.7ms 5.8MB 80ms 0ms nim/clang 2.2.4
kotlin 1.kt 121ms 0.9ms 159.3MB 150ms 30ms kotlin/jvm 21
kotlin 1.kt 235ms 15ms 17.6MB 240ms 7ms kotlin/native 2.1.20

coro-prime-sieve

Input: 4000

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
kotlin 2-m.kt 1893ms 160ms 233.8MB 7030ms 100ms kotlin/jvm 21
kotlin 1.kt 2169ms 49ms 220.1MB 3017ms 67ms kotlin/jvm 21
kotlin 2-m.kt 4283ms 17ms 21.6MB 14280ms 553ms kotlin/native 2.1.20
kotlin 1.kt timeout 0.0ms 17.4MB 5517ms 30ms kotlin/native 2.1.20
nim 1.nim timeout 0.0ms 575.4MB 2623ms 1900ms nim 2.2.4
nim 1.nim timeout 0.0ms 575.7MB 2560ms 1967ms nim/clang 2.2.4

Input: 1000

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
kotlin 2-m.kt 248ms 4.5ms 21.1MB 837ms 40ms kotlin/native 2.1.20
kotlin 1.kt 395ms 2.7ms 17.4MB 403ms 7ms kotlin/native 2.1.20
kotlin 1-m.kt 495ms 6.5ms 76.4MB 1130ms 40ms kotlin/jvm 21
kotlin 2-m.kt 920ms 72ms 97.4MB 3233ms 77ms kotlin/jvm 21
nim 1.nim 4094ms 5.6ms 519.3MB 2117ms 1553ms nim 2.2.4
nim 1.nim 4109ms 27ms 518.7MB 2100ms 1580ms nim/clang 2.2.4

fasta

Input: 2500000

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
nim 2.nim 188ms 2.8ms 1.5MB 180ms 0ms nim 2.2.4
nim 2.nim 243ms 2.1ms 1.8MB 230ms 0ms nim/clang 2.2.4
nim 1.nim 533ms 0.9ms 1.8MB 453ms 67ms nim/clang 2.2.4
nim 1.nim 557ms 2.9ms 1.5MB 470ms 73ms nim 2.2.4

Input: 250000

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
nim 2.nim 22ms 0.7ms 1.5MB 10ms 0ms nim 2.2.4
nim 2.nim 27ms 1.0ms 1.8MB 20ms 0ms nim/clang 2.2.4
nim 1.nim 56ms 0.8ms 1.8MB 43ms 0ms nim/clang 2.2.4
nim 1.nim 59ms 1.8ms 1.5MB 40ms 3ms nim 2.2.4

helloworld

Input: QwQ

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
nim 1.nim 1.0ms 0.0ms 1.6MB 0ms 0ms nim 2.2.4
nim 1.nim 1.1ms 0.0ms 1.9MB 0ms 0ms nim/clang 2.2.4
kotlin 1.kt 2.1ms 0.2ms 3.0MB 0ms 0ms kotlin/native 2.1.20
kotlin 1.kt 64ms 5.9ms 47.6MB 78ms 18ms kotlin/jvm 21

lru

Input: 1000 1000000

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
nim 2.nim 110ms 1.5ms 1.6MB 100ms 0ms nim/clang 2.2.4
nim 2.nim 114ms 1.4ms 1.4MB 107ms 0ms nim 2.2.4
kotlin 2.kt 168ms 4.4ms 12.4MB 170ms 0ms kotlin/native 2.1.20
kotlin 1-m.kt 192ms 2.4ms 94.9MB 323ms 20ms kotlin/jvm 21
kotlin 2-m.kt 209ms 14ms 101.4MB 453ms 43ms kotlin/jvm 21
kotlin 1.kt 353ms 2.2ms 12.5MB 353ms 0ms kotlin/native 2.1.20
nim 1.nim timeout 0.0ms 1.3MB 4990ms 0ms nim 2.2.4
nim 1.nim timeout 0.0ms 1.5MB 4990ms 0ms nim/clang 2.2.4

Input: 1000 3000000

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
kotlin 2-m.kt 313ms 0.5ms 214.0MB 540ms 50ms kotlin/jvm 21
nim 2.nim 325ms 2.6ms 1.6MB 317ms 0ms nim/clang 2.2.4
nim 2.nim 336ms 4.1ms 1.4MB 327ms 0ms nim 2.2.4
kotlin 1.kt 340ms 2.2ms 203.2MB 463ms 37ms kotlin/jvm 21
kotlin 2.kt 474ms 3.0ms 12.4MB 500ms 7ms kotlin/native 2.1.20
kotlin 1.kt 1035ms 8.5ms 12.4MB 1070ms 0ms kotlin/native 2.1.20
nim 1.nim timeout 0.0ms 1.3MB 4990ms 0ms nim 2.2.4
nim 1.nim timeout 0.0ms 1.5MB 4990ms 0ms nim/clang 2.2.4

Input: 100 500000

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
nim 2.nim 50ms 1.8ms 1.5MB 40ms 0ms nim/clang 2.2.4
nim 2.nim 52ms 1.0ms 1.3MB 43ms 0ms nim 2.2.4
kotlin 2.kt 95ms 0.4ms 12.8MB 87ms 3ms kotlin/native 2.1.20
kotlin 1.kt 121ms 0.9ms 12.8MB 110ms 0ms kotlin/native 2.1.20
kotlin 1-m.kt 153ms 3.0ms 90.4MB 287ms 30ms kotlin/jvm 21
kotlin 2-m.kt 169ms 8.2ms 95.6MB 340ms 30ms kotlin/jvm 21
nim 1.nim 482ms 4.8ms 1.3MB 477ms 0ms nim 2.2.4
nim 1.nim 488ms 14ms 1.5MB 477ms 0ms nim/clang 2.2.4

mandelbrot

Input: 5000

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
nim 1.nim 387ms 0.4ms 4.8MB 380ms 0ms nim/clang 2.2.4
nim 1.nim 576ms 1.5ms 4.5MB 563ms 0ms nim 2.2.4

Input: 1000

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
nim 1.nim 19ms 0.5ms 1.9MB 10ms 0ms nim/clang 2.2.4
nim 1.nim 27ms 1.2ms 1.6MB 20ms 0ms nim 2.2.4

merkletrees

Input: 17

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
kotlin 1.kt 395ms 2.5ms 678.6MB 450ms 83ms kotlin/jvm 21
nim 1.nim 552ms 1.9ms 34.9MB 530ms 7ms nim 2.2.4
nim 1.nim 634ms 34ms 35.2MB 613ms 10ms nim/clang 2.2.4
kotlin 1.kt 2036ms 172ms 90.1MB 2113ms 47ms kotlin/native 2.1.20

Input: 15

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
nim 1.nim 120ms 2.4ms 9.6MB 110ms 0ms nim 2.2.4
nim 1.nim 135ms 2.2ms 9.9MB 123ms 0ms nim/clang 2.2.4
kotlin 1-m.kt 155ms 2.4ms 207.3MB 203ms 50ms kotlin/jvm 21
kotlin 1.kt 293ms 4.6ms 25.6MB 297ms 10ms kotlin/native 2.1.20

nbody

Input: 5000000

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
nim 2.nim 319ms 1.7ms 1.8MB 310ms 0ms nim 2.2.4
nim 2.nim 340ms 0.5ms 2.0MB 330ms 0ms nim/clang 2.2.4
kotlin 1n.kt 353ms 3.9ms 3.6MB 343ms 0ms kotlin/native 2.1.20
kotlin 1.kt 445ms 1.8ms 49.2MB 490ms 20ms kotlin/jvm 21

Input: 500000

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
nim 2.nim 35ms 1.0ms 1.8MB 30ms 0ms nim 2.2.4
kotlin 1n.kt 39ms 0.2ms 3.6MB 30ms 0ms kotlin/native 2.1.20
nim 2.nim 40ms 6.2ms 2.0MB 33ms 0ms nim/clang 2.2.4
kotlin 1-m.kt 121ms 2.3ms 49.4MB 170ms 20ms kotlin/jvm 21

nsieve

Input: 12

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
nim 1.nim 267ms 0.8ms 41.5MB 253ms 0ms nim 2.2.4
nim 1.nim 314ms 3.5ms 41.8MB 303ms 0ms nim/clang 2.2.4

Input: 10

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
nim 1.nim 51ms 1.1ms 11.6MB 40ms 0ms nim 2.2.4
nim 1.nim 63ms 1.6ms 11.8MB 53ms 0ms nim/clang 2.2.4

regex-redux

Input: 2500000_in

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
nim 1.nim 1651ms 5.5ms 151.9MB 1620ms 13ms nim/clang 2.2.4
nim 1.nim 1683ms 16ms 152.1MB 1650ms 20ms nim 2.2.4
kotlin 1.kt timeout 0.0ms 173.6MB 5407ms 47ms kotlin/jvm 21
kotlin 1n.kt timeout 0.0ms 226.8MB 5080ms 117ms kotlin/native 2.1.20

Input: 250000_in

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
nim 1.nim 174ms 3.4ms 17.6MB 160ms 0ms nim/clang 2.2.4
nim 1.nim 176ms 3.6ms 17.2MB 163ms 0ms nim 2.2.4
kotlin 1-m.kt 839ms 12ms 134.6MB 1270ms 40ms kotlin/jvm 21
kotlin 1n.kt 3231ms 31ms 51.1MB 3300ms 70ms kotlin/native 2.1.20

spectral-norm

Input: 8000

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
nim 1.nim 3587ms 2.7ms 1.6MB 3580ms 0ms nim/clang 2.2.4
nim 1.nim 3610ms 12ms 1.4MB 3597ms 0ms nim 2.2.4

Input: 4000

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
nim 1.nim 899ms 0.8ms 1.5MB 890ms 0ms nim/clang 2.2.4
nim 1.nim 902ms 1.4ms 1.3MB 893ms 0ms nim 2.2.4

Input: 2000

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
nim 1.nim 226ms 0.1ms 1.5MB 220ms 0ms nim/clang 2.2.4
nim 1.nim 229ms 1.9ms 1.3MB 220ms 0ms nim 2.2.4