Programming Language and compiler
Benchmarks

Chapel VS Java benchmarks

Current benchmark data was generated on Wed Jan 22 2025, full log can be found HERE

CONTRIBUTIONS are WELCOME!

[x86_64][4 cores] AMD EPYC 7763 64-Core Processor (Model 1)

* -m in a file name stands for multi-threading or multi-processing

* -i in a file name stands for direct intrinsics usage. (Usage of simd intrinsics via libraries is not counted)

* -ffi in a file name stands for non-stdlib FFI usage

* (You may find time < time(user) + time(sys) for some non-parallelized programs, the overhead is from GC or JIT compiler, which are allowed to take advantage of multi-cores as that's more close to real-world scenarios.)

binarytrees

Input: 18

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
java 2.java 467ms 1.5ms 646.0MB 567ms 97ms openjdk 23
java 2-m.java 468ms 12ms 645.0MB 687ms 90ms graal/jvm 17.0.8
java 2.java 498ms 2.1ms 572.9MB 563ms 113ms openjdk 21
java 2.java 1170ms 8.1ms 1044.5MB 570ms 760ms openjdk/zgc 21
chapel 4.chpl 1949ms 7.9ms 66.2MB 1943ms 0ms chpl 1.31.0
chapel 3.chpl 2033ms 5.5ms 66.3MB 2020ms 3ms chpl 1.31.0

Input: 15

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
java 2.java 126ms 6.8ms 96.2MB 147ms 40ms openjdk 23
java 2.java 127ms 1.9ms 168.9MB 160ms 23ms openjdk 21
java 2-m.java 150ms 3.7ms 231.2MB 210ms 67ms graal/jvm 17.0.8
chapel 4.chpl 191ms 2.9ms 36.4MB 180ms 0ms chpl 1.31.0
chapel 3.chpl 199ms 3.7ms 34.3MB 187ms 3ms chpl 1.31.0
java 2.java 307ms 4.8ms 241.9MB 163ms 197ms openjdk/zgc 21

coro-prime-sieve

Input: 4000

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
java 1-m.java 1791ms 170ms 260.0MB 6683ms 143ms openjdk 21
java 1-m.java 2251ms 168ms 241.1MB 8537ms 117ms openjdk 23
chapel 1-m.chpl 2257ms 56ms 518.0MB 4400ms 70ms chpl 1.31.0
java 1-m.java 2654ms 330ms 1215.5MB 8333ms 1107ms openjdk/zgc 21

Input: 1000

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
chapel 1-m.chpl 192ms 11ms 444.7MB 303ms 37ms chpl 1.31.0
java 1-m.java 394ms 20ms 91.7MB 1290ms 50ms openjdk 23
java 1-m.java 424ms 15ms 123.3MB 1383ms 63ms openjdk 21
java 1-m.java 649ms 27ms 221.3MB 1693ms 260ms openjdk/zgc 21

edigits

Input: 250001

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
chapel 1.chpl 80ms 0.6ms 36.5MB 70ms 0ms chpl 1.31.0
java 1-m.java 611ms 50ms 226.3MB 1660ms 63ms openjdk 23
java 1-m.java 630ms 48ms 412.9MB 1207ms 117ms graal/jvm 17.0.8
java 1-m.java 681ms 6.9ms 267.6MB 1783ms 80ms openjdk 21
java 1-m.java 943ms 32ms 528.5MB 1630ms 413ms openjdk/zgc 21

Input: 100000

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
chapel 1.chpl 40ms 0.2ms 34.5MB 33ms 3ms chpl 1.31.0
java 1-m.java 302ms 19ms 231.6MB 593ms 67ms graal/jvm 17.0.8
java 1-m.java 329ms 2.1ms 177.6MB 883ms 63ms openjdk 21
java 1-m.java 373ms 21ms 127.4MB 1010ms 43ms openjdk 23
java 1-m.java 513ms 35ms 215.4MB 1007ms 213ms openjdk/zgc 21

fasta

Input: 2500000

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
chapel 5-m.chpl 112ms 0.7ms 32.4MB 187ms 3ms chpl 1.31.0
java 4.java 443ms 2.7ms 106.4MB 627ms 30ms graal/jvm 17.0.8
java 4.java 452ms 4.1ms 47.5MB 537ms 20ms openjdk 21
java 4.java 457ms 2.3ms 49.1MB 537ms 27ms openjdk 23
java 4.java 563ms 2.8ms 45.2MB 537ms 130ms openjdk/zgc 21

Input: 250000

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
chapel 5.chpl 29ms 0.2ms 32.4MB 23ms 0ms chpl 1.31.0
java 4.java 125ms 1.5ms 46.5MB 167ms 10ms openjdk 21
java 4-m.java 125ms 2.0ms 47.9MB 170ms 20ms openjdk 23
java 4-m.java 130ms 6.6ms 92.6MB 180ms 33ms graal/jvm 17.0.8
java 4.java 239ms 4.5ms 46.0MB 160ms 133ms openjdk/zgc 21

helloworld

Input: QwQ

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
chapel 1.chpl 16ms 0.5ms 32.8MB 7ms 3ms chpl 1.31.0
java 1.java 64ms 1.6ms 54.9MB 66ms 18ms graal/jvm 17.0.8
java 1.java 71ms 6.1ms 43.9MB 80ms 16ms openjdk 21
java 1.java 72ms 6.3ms 44.7MB 70ms 20ms openjdk 23
java 1.java 186ms 4.8ms 44.6MB 90ms 126ms openjdk/zgc 21

knucleotide

Input: 2500000_in

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
chapel 3-m.chpl 750ms 2.0ms 101.0MB 1407ms 10ms chpl 1.31.0
java 3-m.java 1038ms 48ms 155.0MB 3503ms 50ms openjdk 23
java 3-m.java 1040ms 74ms 127.6MB 3567ms 33ms openjdk 21
java 3-m.java 1106ms 10ms 182.0MB 3770ms 73ms graal/jvm 17.0.8
java 3-m.java 1447ms 54ms 180.5MB 4570ms 197ms openjdk/zgc 21

Input: 250000_in

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
chapel 3-m.chpl 122ms 1.7ms 81.1MB 197ms 10ms chpl 1.31.0
java 3-m.java 316ms 23ms 102.0MB 920ms 40ms openjdk 21
java 3-m.java 335ms 7.7ms 137.4MB 883ms 73ms graal/jvm 17.0.8
java 3-m.java 338ms 27ms 87.0MB 1007ms 33ms openjdk 23
java 3-m.java 419ms 1.9ms 99.3MB 853ms 173ms openjdk/zgc 21

nbody

Input: 5000000

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
chapel 2.chpl 329ms 2.4ms 32.8MB 320ms 0ms chpl 1.31.0
java 1.java 441ms 1.3ms 45.2MB 483ms 17ms openjdk 21
java 1.java 445ms 3.9ms 48.2MB 477ms 23ms openjdk 23
java 1.java 445ms 1.7ms 87.1MB 467ms 30ms graal/jvm 17.0.8
java 1.java 565ms 2.0ms 44.6MB 497ms 127ms openjdk/zgc 21
java 2.java 1252ms 33ms 588.1MB 1390ms 83ms openjdk 21
java 2.java 1255ms 8.3ms 753.6MB 1367ms 107ms openjdk 23
java 2.java 3285ms 56ms 2475.9MB 1647ms 1840ms openjdk/zgc 21

Input: 500000

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
chapel 2.chpl 52ms 0.4ms 32.8MB 40ms 7ms chpl 1.31.0
java 1.java 118ms 1.2ms 45.1MB 153ms 20ms openjdk 21
java 1.java 123ms 1.7ms 47.9MB 153ms 20ms openjdk 23
java 1.java 123ms 6.2ms 87.3MB 157ms 27ms graal/jvm 17.0.8
java 1.java 237ms 4.3ms 44.7MB 157ms 137ms openjdk/zgc 21
java 2-m.java 299ms 2.8ms 344.9MB 437ms 53ms openjdk 21
java 2-m.java 311ms 5.4ms 346.3MB 443ms 70ms openjdk 23
java 2.java 689ms 16ms 525.9MB 463ms 403ms openjdk/zgc 21

pidigits

Input: 8000

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
chapel 2.chpl 452ms 1.6ms 34.4MB 440ms 0ms chpl 1.31.0
java 1.java 3183ms 10ms 374.6MB 3637ms 103ms graal/jvm 17.0.8
java 1.java 3692ms 33ms 412.3MB 4563ms 97ms openjdk 23
java 1.java 3696ms 87ms 425.5MB 4553ms 100ms openjdk 21
java 1.java timeout 0.0ms 1870.9MB 4497ms 1297ms openjdk/zgc 21

Input: 4000

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
chapel 2.chpl 121ms 1.3ms 34.4MB 113ms 0ms chpl 1.31.0
java 1.java 874ms 7.9ms 373.7MB 1197ms 107ms graal/jvm 17.0.8
java 1-m.java 1011ms 13ms 402.8MB 1770ms 103ms openjdk 23
java 1-m.java 1012ms 39ms 351.1MB 1780ms 100ms openjdk 21
java 1.java 2009ms 52ms 1383.0MB 1723ms 1053ms openjdk/zgc 21

regex-redux

Input: 2500000_in

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
chapel 3.chpl 1392ms 7.7ms 224.2MB 1343ms 37ms chpl 1.31.0
java 3.java timeout 0.0ms 411.6MB 5427ms 77ms graal/jvm 17.0.8
java 3.java timeout 0.0ms 302.6MB 5350ms 47ms openjdk 21
java 3.java timeout 0.0ms 304.6MB 5303ms 60ms openjdk 23
java 3.java timeout 0.0ms 468.8MB 4957ms 313ms openjdk/zgc 21

Input: 250000_in

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
chapel 3.chpl 168ms 1.8ms 52.9MB 153ms 7ms chpl 1.31.0
java 3-m.java 771ms 11ms 181.0MB 1147ms 53ms graal/jvm 17.0.8
java 3-m.java 820ms 17ms 131.5MB 1230ms 23ms openjdk 21
java 3-m.java 828ms 41ms 132.5MB 1230ms 40ms openjdk 23
java 3.java 958ms 13ms 132.5MB 1157ms 173ms openjdk/zgc 21

secp256k1

Input: 2000

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
chapel 1.chpl 1187ms 3.1ms 33.1MB 1177ms 0ms chpl 1.31.0

Input: 500

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
chapel 1.chpl 318ms 2.7ms 33.1MB 307ms 3ms chpl 1.31.0

spectral-norm

Input: 8000

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
chapel 1-m.chpl 1913ms 0.6ms 32.8MB 3787ms 0ms chpl 1.31.0
java 2-m.java 1963ms 2.5ms 47.3MB 7453ms 20ms openjdk 21
java 2-m.java 1965ms 7.5ms 48.6MB 7467ms 17ms openjdk 23
java 2-m.java 2080ms 2.7ms 45.3MB 7453ms 143ms openjdk/zgc 21
java 2-m.java 2480ms 17ms 98.9MB 8800ms 40ms graal/jvm 17.0.8
chapel 1.chpl 3715ms 5.7ms 32.8MB 3700ms 0ms chpl 1.31.0

Input: 4000

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
chapel 1-m.chpl 497ms 2.2ms 32.9MB 960ms 0ms chpl 1.31.0
java 2-m.java 592ms 8.0ms 47.7MB 2083ms 13ms openjdk 21
java 2-m.java 592ms 6.7ms 48.8MB 2033ms 30ms openjdk 23
java 2-m.java 712ms 1.7ms 45.3MB 2087ms 133ms openjdk/zgc 21
java 2-m.java 739ms 6.2ms 98.0MB 2493ms 37ms graal/jvm 17.0.8
chapel 1.chpl 945ms 2.0ms 32.8MB 937ms 0ms chpl 1.31.0

Input: 2000

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
chapel 1-m.chpl 140ms 2.4ms 32.9MB 247ms 0ms chpl 1.31.0
java 2-m.java 246ms 3.6ms 48.5MB 717ms 20ms openjdk 23
java 2-m.java 247ms 13ms 47.4MB 710ms 23ms openjdk 21
chapel 1.chpl 255ms 3.6ms 32.8MB 247ms 3ms chpl 1.31.0
java 2-m.java 285ms 13ms 96.7MB 827ms 40ms graal/jvm 17.0.8
java 2-m.java 355ms 6.7ms 47.3MB 680ms 137ms openjdk/zgc 21