Programming Language and compiler
Benchmarks

Acton VS Kotlin benchmarks

Current benchmark data was generated on Tue Mar 25 2025, full log can be found HERE

CONTRIBUTIONS are WELCOME!

[x86_64][4 cores] AMD EPYC 7763 64-Core Processor (Model 1)

* -m in a file name stands for multi-threading or multi-processing

* -i in a file name stands for direct intrinsics usage. (Usage of simd intrinsics via libraries is not counted)

* -ffi in a file name stands for non-stdlib FFI usage

* (You may find time < time(user) + time(sys) for some non-parallelized programs, the overhead is from GC or JIT compiler, which are allowed to take advantage of multi-cores as that's more close to real-world scenarios.)

binarytrees

Input: 18

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
kotlin 1.kt 482ms 0.5ms 578.0MB 560ms 90ms kotlin/jvm 21
kotlin 1-m.kt 3201ms 42ms 246.5MB 5153ms 850ms kotlin/native 1.8.21
acton 1.act timeout 0.0ms 67.1MB 5977ms 80ms actonc 0.24.1

Input: 15

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
kotlin 1.kt 107ms 0.7ms 160.3MB 117ms 27ms kotlin/jvm 21
kotlin 1-m.kt 283ms 2.6ms 30.5MB 453ms 67ms kotlin/native 1.8.21
acton 1.act 835ms 22ms 12.0MB 973ms 73ms actonc 0.24.1

edigits

Input: 250001

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
acton 1.act 265ms 20ms 7.1MB 230ms 70ms actonc 0.24.1

Input: 100000

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
acton 1.act 101ms 17ms 5.3MB 83ms 27ms actonc 0.24.1

helloworld

Input: QwQ

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
kotlin 1.kt 2.2ms 0.4ms 2.6MB 0ms 0ms kotlin/native 1.8.21
acton 1.act 3.6ms 0.3ms 3.9MB 0ms 0ms actonc 0.24.1
kotlin 1.kt 59ms 4.0ms 47.2MB 56ms 16ms kotlin/jvm 21

merkletrees

Input: 17

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
kotlin 1.kt 361ms 2.6ms 681.5MB 383ms 97ms kotlin/jvm 21
kotlin 1-m.kt 1532ms 6.5ms 134.6MB 2337ms 353ms kotlin/native 1.8.21
acton 1.act 3317ms 13ms 102.0MB 3620ms 57ms actonc 0.24.1

Input: 15

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
kotlin 1.kt 133ms 0.6ms 208.5MB 157ms 37ms kotlin/jvm 21
kotlin 1-m.kt 312ms 1.7ms 38.5MB 457ms 73ms kotlin/native 1.8.21
acton 1.act 715ms 22ms 30.5MB 753ms 33ms actonc 0.24.1

nsieve

Input: 12

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
acton 1.act timeout 0.0ms 561.0MB 6737ms 120ms actonc 0.24.1

Input: 10

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
acton 1.act 2404ms 16ms 192.3MB 2937ms 40ms actonc 0.24.1

pidigits

Input: 8000

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
acton 1-m.act 3057ms 164ms 6.7MB 2860ms 2093ms actonc 0.24.1
kotlin 1.kt 3765ms 63ms 355.2MB 4593ms 107ms kotlin/jvm 21
kotlin 1n.kt timeout 0.0ms 5.4MB 6277ms 300ms kotlin/native 1.8.21
kotlin 2n.kt timeout 0.0ms 6.3MB 4990ms 180ms kotlin/native 1.8.21

Input: 4000

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
acton 1-m.act 870ms 31ms 5.7MB 770ms 633ms actonc 0.24.1
kotlin 1-m.kt 1000ms 30ms 355.3MB 1780ms 93ms kotlin/jvm 21
kotlin 1n.kt timeout 0.0ms 5.4MB 6287ms 287ms kotlin/native 1.8.21
kotlin 2n.kt timeout 0.0ms 6.2MB 5010ms 157ms kotlin/native 1.8.21