Programming Language and compiler
Benchmarks

Python VS Kotlin benchmarks

Current benchmark data was generated on Fri May 20 2022, full log can be found HERE

CONTRIBUTIONS are WELCOME!

[x86_64][2 cores] Intel(R) Xeon(R) Platinum 8370C CPU @ 2.80GHz (Model 106)

* -m in a file name stands for multi-threading or multi-processing

* -i in a file name stands for direct intrinsics usage. (Usage of simd intrinsics via libraries is not counted)

* -ffi in a file name stands for non-stdlib FFI usage

* (You may find time < time(user) + time(sys) for some non-parallelized programs, the overhead is from GC or JIT compiler, which are allowed to take advantage of multi-cores as that's more close to real-world scenarios.)

binarytrees

Input: 18

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
kotlin 1.kt 733ms 92ms 842.9MB 710ms 130ms kotlin/jvm 17.0.2
python 1.py 1667ms 61ms 273.7MB 1530ms 110ms pypy 3.8.13
kotlin 1.kt 3949ms 18ms 514.4MB 3847ms 87ms kotlin/native 1.6.21
python 1.py timeout 0.0ms 0.0MB 0ms 0ms cpython 3.10.4
python 1.py timeout 0.0ms 0.0MB 0ms 0ms pyston 3.8.12

Input: 15

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
python 1.py 128ms 2.2ms 82.9MB 83ms 20ms pypy 3.8.13
kotlin 1.kt 133ms 2.6ms 109.5MB 117ms 20ms kotlin/jvm 17.0.2
kotlin 1.kt 304ms 2.8ms 62.2MB 283ms 3ms kotlin/native 1.6.21
python 1.py 641ms 4.3ms 12.3MB 610ms 13ms pyston 3.8.12
python 1.py 1532ms 2.7ms 11.8MB 1517ms 0ms cpython 3.10.4

coro-prime-sieve

Input: 4000

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
python 1.py 1216ms 5.5ms 196.8MB 1140ms 60ms pypy 3.8.13
kotlin 1.kt 2944ms 38ms 157.9MB 3853ms 60ms kotlin/jvm 17.0.2
kotlin 2-m.kt 3273ms 617ms 187.2MB 6243ms 67ms kotlin/jvm 17.0.2
kotlin 1.kt timeout 0.0ms 0.0MB 0ms 0ms kotlin/native 1.6.21
kotlin 2-m.kt timeout 0.0ms 0.0MB 0ms 0ms kotlin/native 1.6.21
python 1.py timeout 0.0ms 0.0MB 0ms 0ms cpython 3.10.4
python 1.py timeout 0.0ms 0.0MB 0ms 0ms pyston 3.8.12

Input: 1000

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
python 1.py 293ms 12ms 95.1MB 257ms 17ms pypy 3.8.13
kotlin 1-m.kt 689ms 63ms 100.4MB 1230ms 27ms kotlin/jvm 17.0.2
kotlin 2-m.kt 848ms 12ms 70.4MB 1487ms 23ms kotlin/native 1.6.21
python 1.py 965ms 4.9ms 17.2MB 947ms 3ms pyston 3.8.12
python 1.py 1003ms 35ms 17.1MB 967ms 0ms cpython 3.10.4
kotlin 1.kt 1044ms 5.6ms 32.7MB 1030ms 7ms kotlin/native 1.6.21
kotlin 2-m.kt 1092ms 73ms 106.9MB 1977ms 57ms kotlin/jvm 17.0.2

edigits

Input: 250001

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
python 1.py 833ms 2.0ms 87.8MB 790ms 30ms pypy 3.8.13
python 1.py 2857ms 0.4ms 10.0MB 2843ms 0ms pyston 3.8.12
python 1.py 2859ms 0.7ms 9.3MB 2843ms 0ms cpython 3.10.4

Input: 100000

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
python 1.py 218ms 1.9ms 81.6MB 183ms 20ms pypy 3.8.13
python 1.py 495ms 1.8ms 9.2MB 480ms 0ms pyston 3.8.12
python 1.py 504ms 1.7ms 8.5MB 490ms 0ms cpython 3.10.4

fasta

Input: 2500000

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
python 1.py 2691ms 81ms 90.8MB 2643ms 30ms pypy 3.8.13
python 5-m.py 3357ms 14ms 12.9MB 4937ms 1013ms pyston 3.8.12
python 5-m.py 3998ms 20ms 85.2MB 4463ms 930ms pypy 3.8.13
python 1.py 4467ms 32ms 8.2MB 4447ms 3ms pyston 3.8.12
python 5-m.py 4473ms 26ms 12.1MB 6287ms 1063ms cpython 3.10.4
python 1.py timeout 0.0ms 0.0MB 0ms 0ms cpython 3.10.4

Input: 250000

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
python 1.py 347ms 5.0ms 81.5MB 320ms 13ms pypy 3.8.13
python 5-m.py 408ms 6.5ms 12.9MB 537ms 130ms pyston 3.8.12
python 1.py 460ms 2.0ms 8.2MB 447ms 0ms pyston 3.8.12
python 5-m.py 522ms 3.8ms 12.0MB 670ms 147ms cpython 3.10.4
python 1.py 732ms 8.2ms 7.8MB 717ms 0ms cpython 3.10.4
python 5-m.py 813ms 7.3ms 85.3MB 900ms 443ms pypy 3.8.13

helloworld

Input: QwQ

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
kotlin 1.kt 2.5ms 0.4ms 1.2MB 0ms 0ms kotlin/native 1.6.21
python 1.py 14ms 1.1ms 7.6MB 10ms 0ms pyston 3.8.12
python 1.py 15ms 0.6ms 7.5MB 10ms 0ms cpython 3.10.4
python 1.py 34ms 1.1ms 53.6MB 10ms 10ms pypy 3.8.13
kotlin 1.kt 66ms 2.9ms 40.8MB 52ms 8ms kotlin/jvm 17.0.2

http-server

Input: 3000

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
python 1.py 1591ms 2.0ms 29.9MB 1273ms 967ms pyston 3.8.12
python 1.py 2223ms 6.7ms 27.3MB 1947ms 1003ms cpython 3.10.4
python 1.py 4366ms 54ms 129.3MB 3380ms 903ms pypy 3.8.13
kotlin 1.kt timeout 0.0ms 0.0MB 0ms 0ms kotlin/jvm 17.0.2
kotlin 2.kt timeout 0.0ms 0.0MB 0ms 0ms kotlin/jvm 17.0.2

Input: 500

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
python 1.py 360ms 1.0ms 24.0MB 300ms 157ms pyston 3.8.12
python 1.py 449ms 12ms 21.9MB 373ms 180ms cpython 3.10.4
python 1.py 1101ms 12ms 104.5MB 907ms 163ms pypy 3.8.13
kotlin 2-m.kt 2117ms 172ms 241.9MB 3383ms 230ms kotlin/jvm 17.0.2
kotlin 1-m.kt 2372ms 280ms 228.1MB 3690ms 287ms kotlin/jvm 17.0.2

json-serde

Input: sample 5000

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
python 1.py 263ms 2.8ms 38.6MB 240ms 7ms pyston 3.8.12
python 1.py 266ms 1.5ms 39.5MB 240ms 10ms cpython 3.10.4
python 1.py 431ms 0.6ms 109.0MB 380ms 30ms pypy 3.8.13
kotlin 1-m.kt 1068ms 28ms 216.8MB 1817ms 83ms kotlin/jvm 17.0.2

Input: canada 15

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
python 1.py 2403ms 5.3ms 219.7MB 2277ms 110ms cpython 3.10.4
python 1.py 2446ms 4.3ms 221.0MB 2263ms 167ms pyston 3.8.12
python 1.py 2600ms 2.7ms 249.5MB 2507ms 80ms pypy 3.8.13
kotlin 1-m.kt 3906ms 112ms 949.9MB 5693ms 247ms kotlin/jvm 17.0.2

knucleotide

Input: 2500000_in

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
python 3-m.py 3674ms 52ms 204.5MB 6457ms 323ms pypy 3.8.13
python 3.py timeout 0.0ms 0.0MB 0ms 0ms cpython 3.10.4
python 3.py timeout 0.0ms 0.0MB 0ms 0ms pyston 3.8.12

Input: 250000_in

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
python 3-m.py 539ms 4.5ms 97.1MB 800ms 100ms pypy 3.8.13
python 3-m.py 656ms 4.0ms 16.3MB 1163ms 30ms pyston 3.8.12
python 3-m.py 932ms 8.3ms 15.3MB 1690ms 33ms cpython 3.10.4

lru

Input: 1000 1000000

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
python 2.py 204ms 2.0ms 79.9MB 160ms 23ms pypy 3.8.13
kotlin 2-m.kt 223ms 5.9ms 113.8MB 330ms 30ms kotlin/jvm 17.0.2
kotlin 1.kt 234ms 3.0ms 109.7MB 300ms 20ms kotlin/jvm 17.0.2
python 1.py 244ms 0.9ms 81.2MB 217ms 10ms pypy 3.8.13
kotlin 2.kt 363ms 3.4ms 88.5MB 337ms 10ms kotlin/native 1.6.21
python 1.py 1052ms 3.9ms 9.3MB 1040ms 0ms pyston 3.8.12
python 2.py 1290ms 15ms 9.0MB 1277ms 0ms pyston 3.8.12
python 1.py 1848ms 8.2ms 8.3MB 1830ms 0ms cpython 3.10.4
python 2.py 2609ms 24ms 8.3MB 2597ms 0ms cpython 3.10.4
kotlin 1.kt timeout 0.0ms 0.0MB 0ms 0ms kotlin/native 1.6.21

Input: 1000 3000000

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
kotlin 2.kt 367ms 3.8ms 130.7MB 470ms 27ms kotlin/jvm 17.0.2
kotlin 1.kt 455ms 2.2ms 132.6MB 517ms 27ms kotlin/jvm 17.0.2
python 2.py 470ms 1.2ms 80.1MB 443ms 10ms pypy 3.8.13
python 1.py 513ms 2.9ms 81.2MB 490ms 10ms pypy 3.8.13
kotlin 2.kt 1125ms 1.8ms 134.1MB 1087ms 23ms kotlin/native 1.6.21
python 1.py 3126ms 28ms 9.3MB 3117ms 0ms pyston 3.8.12
python 2.py 3831ms 16ms 9.1MB 3817ms 0ms pyston 3.8.12
kotlin 1.kt timeout 0.0ms 0.0MB 0ms 0ms kotlin/native 1.6.21
python 1.py timeout 0.0ms 0.0MB 0ms 0ms cpython 3.10.4
python 2.py timeout 0.0ms 0.0MB 0ms 0ms cpython 3.10.4

Input: 100 500000

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
python 2.py 147ms 0.7ms 80.0MB 117ms 13ms pypy 3.8.13
python 1.py 164ms 1.1ms 80.8MB 137ms 13ms pypy 3.8.13
kotlin 1.kt 173ms 4.0ms 74.2MB 237ms 17ms kotlin/jvm 17.0.2
kotlin 2.kt 174ms 8.8ms 42.1MB 163ms 0ms kotlin/native 1.6.21
kotlin 2-m.kt 186ms 22ms 83.1MB 273ms 20ms kotlin/jvm 17.0.2
python 1.py 519ms 1.1ms 9.0MB 503ms 0ms pyston 3.8.12
python 2.py 597ms 5.7ms 8.5MB 583ms 0ms pyston 3.8.12
python 1.py 868ms 2.3ms 7.8MB 857ms 0ms cpython 3.10.4
python 2.py 1256ms 4.4ms 7.4MB 1240ms 0ms cpython 3.10.4
kotlin 1.kt timeout 0.0ms 0.0MB 0ms 0ms kotlin/native 1.6.21

merkletrees

Input: 17

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
kotlin 1.kt 461ms 8.2ms 362.9MB 450ms 80ms kotlin/jvm 17.0.2
python 1.py 2718ms 66ms 293.9MB 2520ms 183ms pypy 3.8.13
kotlin 1.kt timeout 0.0ms 0.0MB 0ms 0ms kotlin/native 1.6.21
python 1.py timeout 0.0ms 0.0MB 0ms 0ms cpython 3.10.4
python 1.py timeout 0.0ms 0.0MB 0ms 0ms pyston 3.8.12

Input: 15

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
kotlin 1.kt 178ms 1.5ms 220.8MB 160ms 47ms kotlin/jvm 17.0.2
python 1.py 387ms 1.3ms 144.6MB 327ms 43ms pypy 3.8.13
kotlin 1.kt 560ms 1.8ms 62.4MB 537ms 10ms kotlin/native 1.6.21
python 1.py timeout 0.0ms 0.0MB 0ms 0ms cpython 3.10.4
python 1.py timeout 0.0ms 0.0MB 0ms 0ms pyston 3.8.12

nbody

Input: 5000000

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
kotlin 1.kt 570ms 1.1ms 43.1MB 583ms 13ms kotlin/jvm 17.0.2
kotlin 1n.kt 583ms 1.1ms 1.1MB 570ms 0ms kotlin/native 1.6.21
python 2.py 2186ms 36ms 79.8MB 2157ms 13ms pypy 3.8.13
python 1.py timeout 0.0ms 0.0MB 0ms 0ms cpython 3.10.4
python 2.py timeout 0.0ms 0.0MB 0ms 0ms cpython 3.10.4
python 1.py timeout 0.0ms 0.0MB 0ms 0ms pypy 3.8.13
python 1.py timeout 0.0ms 0.0MB 0ms 0ms pyston 3.8.12
python 2.py timeout 0.0ms 0.0MB 0ms 0ms pyston 3.8.12

Input: 500000

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
kotlin 1n.kt 61ms 0.3ms 1.1MB 50ms 0ms kotlin/native 1.6.21
kotlin 1.kt 134ms 4.0ms 43.2MB 143ms 17ms kotlin/jvm 17.0.2
python 2.py 282ms 2.1ms 79.5MB 257ms 10ms pypy 3.8.13
python 1.py 590ms 2.3ms 79.7MB 563ms 10ms pypy 3.8.13
python 1.py 1463ms 3.4ms 8.6MB 1450ms 0ms pyston 3.8.12
python 2.py 2152ms 28ms 8.5MB 2140ms 0ms pyston 3.8.12
python 1.py 4709ms 32ms 7.3MB 4693ms 0ms cpython 3.10.4
python 2.py timeout 0.0ms 0.0MB 0ms 0ms cpython 3.10.4

nsieve

Input: 12

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
python 1.py 4135ms 8.4ms 391.3MB 4000ms 113ms pypy 3.8.13
python 1.py timeout 0.0ms 0.0MB 0ms 0ms cpython 3.10.4
python 1.py timeout 0.0ms 0.0MB 0ms 0ms pyston 3.8.12

Input: 10

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
python 1.py 1053ms 100ms 215.9MB 993ms 40ms pypy 3.8.13
python 1.py 2722ms 31ms 86.4MB 2687ms 17ms pyston 3.8.12
python 1.py 4283ms 21ms 85.9MB 4240ms 27ms cpython 3.10.4

pidigits

Input: 8000

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
python 4.py 2762ms 3.2ms 9.4MB 2727ms 17ms pyston 3.8.12
python 4.py 2782ms 2.3ms 8.5MB 2740ms 23ms cpython 3.10.4
python 4.py 2800ms 13ms 119.5MB 2757ms 27ms pypy 3.8.13
kotlin 1.kt timeout 0.0ms 0.0MB 0ms 0ms kotlin/jvm 17.0.2
kotlin 1n.kt timeout 0.0ms 0.0MB 0ms 0ms kotlin/native 1.6.21
kotlin 2n.kt timeout 0.0ms 0.0MB 0ms 0ms kotlin/native 1.6.21

Input: 4000

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
python 4.py 655ms 0.7ms 9.1MB 643ms 0ms pyston 3.8.12
python 4.py 666ms 2.4ms 8.3MB 650ms 0ms cpython 3.10.4
python 4.py 694ms 12ms 84.5MB 663ms 13ms pypy 3.8.13
kotlin 1.kt 1456ms 23ms 227.6MB 1820ms 50ms kotlin/jvm 17.0.2
kotlin 1n.kt timeout 0.0ms 0.0MB 0ms 0ms kotlin/native 1.6.21
kotlin 2n.kt timeout 0.0ms 0.0MB 0ms 0ms kotlin/native 1.6.21

regex-redux

Input: 2500000_in

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
python 1.py 3343ms 4.3ms 264.1MB 3253ms 80ms pypy 3.8.13
python 1.py timeout 0.0ms 0.0MB 0ms 0ms cpython 3.10.4
python 1.py timeout 0.0ms 0.0MB 0ms 0ms pyston 3.8.12

Input: 250000_in

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
python 1.py 469ms 1.3ms 103.4MB 423ms 30ms pypy 3.8.13
python 1.py 745ms 2.2ms 30.4MB 707ms 17ms pyston 3.8.12
python 1.py 871ms 1.3ms 31.0MB 840ms 20ms cpython 3.10.4

secp256k1

Input: 2000

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
python 1.py 4525ms 6.4ms 8.7MB 4513ms 0ms pyston 3.8.12
kotlin 1.kt 4527ms 12ms 182.2MB 5443ms 70ms kotlin/jvm 17.0.2
python 1.py 4943ms 15ms 87.2MB 4900ms 23ms pypy 3.8.13
python 1.py timeout 0.0ms 0.0MB 0ms 0ms cpython 3.10.4

Input: 500

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
python 1.py 1147ms 4.0ms 8.6MB 1133ms 0ms pyston 3.8.12
kotlin 1-m.kt 1369ms 13ms 182.1MB 2103ms 53ms kotlin/jvm 17.0.2
python 1.py 1399ms 2.2ms 84.2MB 1367ms 17ms pypy 3.8.13
python 1.py 1490ms 3.6ms 7.7MB 1473ms 0ms cpython 3.10.4

spectral-norm

Input: 8000

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
python 8.py timeout 0.0ms 0.0MB 0ms 0ms cpython 3.10.4
python 8.py timeout 0.0ms 0.0MB 0ms 0ms pypy 3.8.13
python 8.py timeout 0.0ms 0.0MB 0ms 0ms pyston 3.8.12

Input: 4000

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
python 8.py timeout 0.0ms 0.0MB 0ms 0ms cpython 3.10.4
python 8.py timeout 0.0ms 0.0MB 0ms 0ms pypy 3.8.13
python 8.py timeout 0.0ms 0.0MB 0ms 0ms pyston 3.8.12

Input: 2000

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
python 8-m.py 3295ms 48ms 110.4MB 5600ms 377ms pypy 3.8.13
python 8.py timeout 0.0ms 0.0MB 0ms 0ms cpython 3.10.4
python 8.py timeout 0.0ms 0.0MB 0ms 0ms pyston 3.8.12