Programming Language and compiler
Benchmarks

Python VS Dart benchmarks

Current benchmark data was generated on Sun Jul 13 2025, full log can be found HERE

CONTRIBUTIONS are WELCOME!

[x86_64][4 cores] AMD EPYC 7763 64-Core Processor (Model 1)

* -m in a file name stands for multi-threading or multi-processing

* -i in a file name stands for direct intrinsics usage. (Usage of simd intrinsics via libraries is not counted)

* -ffi in a file name stands for non-stdlib FFI usage

* (You may find time < time(user) + time(sys) for some non-parallelized programs, the overhead is from GC or JIT compiler, which are allowed to take advantage of multi-cores as that's more close to real-world scenarios.)

binarytrees

Input: 18

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
dart 1.dart 716ms 2.4ms 80.9MB 690ms 30ms dart/exe 3.8.1
python 1.py 1162ms 7.5ms 96.8MB 1097ms 47ms pypy 3.11.13
python 1.py timeout 0.0ms 41.0MB 4973ms 10ms cpython 3.13.5
python 1.py timeout 0.0ms 40.5MB 4743ms 240ms pyston 3.8.12

Input: 15

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
dart 1.dart 77ms 1.4ms 42.8MB 50ms 17ms dart/exe 3.8.1
python 1.py 94ms 1.5ms 68.2MB 67ms 13ms pypy 3.11.13
python 1.py 478ms 3.6ms 11.9MB 457ms 10ms pyston 3.8.12
python 1.py 727ms 3.3ms 12.9MB 717ms 0ms cpython 3.13.5

coro-prime-sieve

Input: 4000

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
python 1.py 1241ms 47ms 104.7MB 1190ms 33ms pypy 3.11.13
python 1.py 2671ms 7.4ms 25.4MB 2650ms 10ms cpython 3.13.5
dart 1.dart 4912ms 17ms 19.4MB 5367ms 63ms dart/exe 3.8.1
python 1.py timeout 0.0ms 17.4MB 4980ms 7ms pyston 3.8.12

Input: 1000

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
python 1.py 223ms 2.2ms 85.2MB 187ms 23ms pypy 3.11.13
python 1.py 228ms 1.3ms 20.6MB 203ms 10ms cpython 3.13.5
dart 1.dart 341ms 5.7ms 10.5MB 340ms 10ms dart/exe 3.8.1
python 1.py 660ms 16ms 16.8MB 643ms 0ms pyston 3.8.12

edigits

Input: 250001

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
python 1.py 266ms 3.3ms 84.9MB 227ms 20ms pypy 3.11.13
python 1.py 362ms 3.7ms 12.6MB 347ms 0ms cpython 3.13.5
python 1.py 2007ms 3.9ms 9.6MB 1993ms 0ms pyston 3.8.12
dart 1.dart 3567ms 3.2ms 18.0MB 3530ms 27ms dart/exe 3.8.1

Input: 100000

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
python 1.py 113ms 2.9ms 65.3MB 87ms 13ms pypy 3.11.13
python 1.py 134ms 46ms 12.3MB 100ms 0ms cpython 3.13.5
python 1.py 349ms 2.6ms 8.8MB 340ms 0ms pyston 3.8.12
dart 1.dart 590ms 2.3ms 10.0MB 563ms 17ms dart/exe 3.8.1

fasta

Input: 2500000

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
dart 1.dart 362ms 2.6ms 8.8MB 347ms 0ms dart/exe 3.8.1
python 1.py 2206ms 28ms 89.1MB 2163ms 33ms pypy 3.11.13
python 5-m.py 2331ms 44ms 66.1MB 3597ms 827ms pypy 3.11.13
python 5-m.py 2434ms 24ms 12.5MB 3547ms 953ms pyston 3.8.12
python 1.py 3030ms 35ms 8.1MB 3013ms 0ms pyston 3.8.12
python 5-m.py 3359ms 19ms 13.8MB 4437ms 910ms cpython 3.13.5
python 1.py 4658ms 45ms 9.0MB 4647ms 0ms cpython 3.13.5

Input: 250000

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
dart 1.dart 41ms 0.1ms 8.8MB 30ms 0ms dart/exe 3.8.1
python 1.py 279ms 5.1ms 63.3MB 253ms 10ms pypy 3.11.13
python 5-m.py 310ms 3.6ms 12.5MB 397ms 147ms pyston 3.8.12
python 1.py 314ms 1.1ms 8.1MB 300ms 0ms pyston 3.8.12
python 5-m.py 393ms 1.0ms 13.8MB 473ms 127ms cpython 3.13.5
python 5-m.py 449ms 2.7ms 66.2MB 743ms 297ms pypy 3.11.13
python 1.py 486ms 1.2ms 9.0MB 473ms 0ms cpython 3.13.5

helloworld

Input: QwQ

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
dart 1.dart 3.7ms 0.3ms 5.7MB 0ms 0ms dart/exe 3.8.1
python 1.py 12ms 0.8ms 7.6MB 0ms 0ms pyston 3.8.12
python 1.py 14ms 1.2ms 8.8MB 10ms 0ms cpython 3.13.5
python 1.py 30ms 0.8ms 52.3MB 10ms 10ms pypy 3.11.13

http-server

Input: 3000

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
dart 2-m.dart 1254ms 16ms 96.4MB 1303ms 1383ms dart/exe 3.8.1
python 1.py 2132ms 36ms 26.6MB 1080ms 1440ms pyston 3.8.12
python 1.py 2538ms 364ms 27.6MB 1573ms 1443ms cpython 3.13.5
dart 1.dart 4314ms 70ms 96.1MB 1490ms 1560ms dart/exe 3.8.1
python 1.py 4714ms 375ms 102.2MB 3087ms 1100ms pypy 3.11.13

Input: 500

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
dart 2-m.dart 240ms 10ms 50.0MB 187ms 253ms dart/exe 3.8.1
python 1.py 1088ms 2.8ms 21.3MB 237ms 253ms pyston 3.8.12
python 1.py 1193ms 73ms 22.9MB 313ms 247ms cpython 3.13.5
python 1.py 1730ms 340ms 87.1MB 750ms 210ms pypy 3.11.13
dart 1.dart 2275ms 54ms 50.4MB 173ms 240ms dart/exe 3.8.1

json-serde

Input: sample 5000

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
dart 1.dart 161ms 1.4ms 53.8MB 133ms 17ms dart/exe 3.8.1
python 1.py 201ms 0.9ms 38.1MB 167ms 23ms pyston 3.8.12
python 1.py 217ms 2.1ms 38.7MB 193ms 10ms cpython 3.13.5
python 1.py 451ms 4.1ms 109.3MB 403ms 37ms pypy 3.11.13

Input: canada 15

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
dart 1.dart 1450ms 32ms 204.7MB 1703ms 103ms dart/exe 3.8.1
python 1.py 1831ms 9.9ms 220.5MB 1663ms 157ms pyston 3.8.12
python 1.py 1931ms 9.0ms 222.0MB 1827ms 90ms cpython 3.13.5
python 1.py 3242ms 13ms 365.1MB 3083ms 140ms pypy 3.11.13

knucleotide

Input: 2500000_in

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
dart 3-m.dart 1077ms 24ms 279.2MB 3200ms 120ms dart/exe 3.8.1
python 3-m.py 2341ms 4.1ms 136.0MB 7903ms 333ms pypy 3.11.13
python 3-m.py 3129ms 44ms 34.2MB 11863ms 123ms pyston 3.8.12
python 3.py timeout 0.0ms 35.8MB 90ms 20ms cpython 3.13.5

Input: 250000_in

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
dart 3-m.dart 225ms 5.9ms 187.2MB 530ms 70ms dart/exe 3.8.1
python 3-m.py 390ms 0.6ms 76.7MB 980ms 150ms pypy 3.11.13
python 3-m.py 395ms 4.5ms 14.3MB 1297ms 80ms pyston 3.8.12
python 3-m.py 660ms 11ms 15.2MB 2320ms 67ms cpython 3.13.5

lru

Input: 1000 1000000

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
python 2.py 154ms 2.4ms 58.9MB 130ms 10ms pypy 3.11.13
dart 2.dart 166ms 4.9ms 9.1MB 153ms 0ms dart/exe 3.8.1
python 1.py 187ms 3.8ms 59.8MB 160ms 10ms pypy 3.11.13
dart 1.dart 572ms 3.4ms 9.1MB 557ms 0ms dart/exe 3.8.1
python 1.py 730ms 3.4ms 8.9MB 720ms 0ms pyston 3.8.12
python 2.py 845ms 19ms 8.5MB 833ms 0ms pyston 3.8.12
python 1.py 1136ms 8.0ms 9.5MB 1123ms 0ms cpython 3.13.5
python 2.py 1323ms 19ms 9.3MB 1310ms 0ms cpython 3.13.5

Input: 1000 3000000

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
python 2.py 361ms 2.1ms 59.7MB 330ms 10ms pypy 3.11.13
python 1.py 401ms 4.8ms 60.9MB 377ms 13ms pypy 3.11.13
dart 2.dart 484ms 7.2ms 9.1MB 477ms 0ms dart/exe 3.8.1
dart 1.dart 1699ms 6.4ms 9.3MB 1683ms 3ms dart/exe 3.8.1
python 1.py 2157ms 16ms 8.9MB 2143ms 0ms pyston 3.8.12
python 2.py 2513ms 23ms 8.5MB 2503ms 0ms pyston 3.8.12
python 1.py 3335ms 53ms 9.5MB 3320ms 0ms cpython 3.13.5
python 2.py 3942ms 29ms 9.3MB 3930ms 0ms cpython 3.13.5

Input: 100 500000

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
dart 2.dart 78ms 0.7ms 9.0MB 67ms 0ms dart/exe 3.8.1
python 2.py 109ms 3.1ms 58.1MB 87ms 10ms pypy 3.11.13
dart 1.dart 118ms 2.2ms 9.1MB 107ms 0ms dart/exe 3.8.1
python 1.py 124ms 3.2ms 59.4MB 103ms 10ms pypy 3.11.13
python 1.py 361ms 6.0ms 8.5MB 347ms 0ms pyston 3.8.12
python 2.py 388ms 3.0ms 8.1MB 377ms 0ms pyston 3.8.12
python 1.py 534ms 6.3ms 9.3MB 523ms 0ms cpython 3.13.5
python 2.py 638ms 7.1ms 8.9MB 627ms 0ms cpython 3.13.5

merkletrees

Input: 17

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
dart 1.dart 322ms 2.5ms 63.6MB 300ms 23ms dart/exe 3.8.1
python 1.py 2184ms 9.5ms 204.9MB 2073ms 97ms pypy 3.11.13
python 1.py timeout 0.0ms 94.1MB 4960ms 27ms cpython 3.13.5
python 1.py timeout 0.0ms 130.4MB 4940ms 47ms pyston 3.8.12

Input: 15

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
dart 1.dart 85ms 1.9ms 43.8MB 60ms 17ms dart/exe 3.8.1
python 1.py 378ms 3.7ms 105.2MB 320ms 47ms pypy 3.11.13
python 1.py 2994ms 19ms 37.4MB 2970ms 10ms cpython 3.13.5
python 1.py timeout 0.0ms 48.9MB 4943ms 43ms pyston 3.8.12

nbody

Input: 5000000

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
dart 3.dart 411ms 3.9ms 6.1MB 400ms 0ms dart/exe 3.8.1
python 2.py 1348ms 4.2ms 60.6MB 1320ms 10ms pypy 3.11.13
python 1.py 2705ms 69ms 57.8MB 2677ms 13ms pypy 3.11.13
python 1.py timeout 0.0ms 8.9MB 4990ms 0ms cpython 3.13.5
python 2.py timeout 0.0ms 9.0MB 4990ms 0ms cpython 3.13.5
python 1.py timeout 0.0ms 8.3MB 4990ms 0ms pyston 3.8.12
python 2.py timeout 0.0ms 8.1MB 4990ms 0ms pyston 3.8.12

Input: 500000

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
dart 3.dart 45ms 0.7ms 6.3MB 40ms 0ms dart/exe 3.8.1
python 2.py 178ms 3.3ms 58.3MB 153ms 10ms pypy 3.11.13
python 1.py 309ms 4.0ms 57.8MB 287ms 10ms pypy 3.11.13
python 1.py 936ms 11ms 8.3MB 927ms 0ms pyston 3.8.12
python 2.py 1312ms 18ms 8.3MB 1300ms 0ms pyston 3.8.12
python 1.py 2893ms 26ms 8.9MB 2883ms 0ms cpython 3.13.5
python 2.py 3043ms 14ms 9.0MB 3030ms 0ms cpython 3.13.5

nsieve

Input: 12

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
python 1.py 2498ms 18ms 369.9MB 2430ms 53ms pypy 3.11.13
python 2.py 2971ms 13ms 632.9MB 2787ms 167ms pyston 3.8.12
python 1.py 4747ms 19ms 320.5MB 4687ms 47ms pyston 3.8.12
python 1.py timeout 0.0ms 321.4MB 4960ms 23ms cpython 3.13.5
python 2.py timeout 0.0ms 633.8MB 4823ms 163ms cpython 3.13.5
python 2.py timeout 0.0ms 1017.5MB 4707ms 280ms pypy 3.11.13

Input: 10

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
python 1.py 525ms 4.9ms 135.5MB 487ms 20ms pypy 3.11.13
python 2.py 721ms 2.3ms 164.2MB 670ms 33ms pyston 3.8.12
python 1.py 1066ms 26ms 86.0MB 1043ms 10ms pyston 3.8.12
python 2.py 1385ms 12ms 290.8MB 1297ms 73ms pypy 3.11.13
python 2.py 1398ms 5.5ms 165.1MB 1353ms 30ms cpython 3.13.5
python 1.py 2846ms 21ms 87.0MB 2817ms 10ms cpython 3.13.5

pidigits

Input: 8000

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
dart 2.dart 1246ms 11ms 14.8MB 1220ms 30ms dart/exe 3.8.1
python 4.py 1921ms 13ms 8.9MB 1873ms 33ms pyston 3.8.12
python 4.py 1974ms 0.7ms 9.5MB 1920ms 40ms cpython 3.13.5
python 4.py 2156ms 3.3ms 89.6MB 2117ms 27ms pypy 3.11.13

Input: 4000

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
dart 2.dart 306ms 3.5ms 14.8MB 290ms 7ms dart/exe 3.8.1
python 4.py 454ms 1.7ms 8.6MB 440ms 0ms pyston 3.8.12
python 4.py 470ms 3.8ms 9.4MB 457ms 0ms cpython 3.13.5
python 4.py 541ms 4.5ms 83.8MB 503ms 23ms pypy 3.11.13

regex-redux

Input: 2500000_in

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
python 1.py 2245ms 6.4ms 244.7MB 2187ms 43ms pypy 3.11.13
python 1.py 4731ms 10ms 226.2MB 4540ms 177ms pyston 3.8.12
dart 1.dart timeout 0.0ms 130.1MB 4963ms 40ms dart/exe 3.8.1
python 1.py timeout 0.0ms 145.6MB 4930ms 57ms cpython 3.13.5

Input: 250000_in

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
python 1.py 339ms 7.7ms 86.8MB 293ms 30ms pypy 3.11.13
python 1.py 498ms 2.4ms 30.5MB 463ms 17ms pyston 3.8.12
python 1.py 613ms 2.2ms 29.7MB 583ms 17ms cpython 3.13.5
dart 1.dart 635ms 1.3ms 43.1MB 607ms 17ms dart/exe 3.8.1

secp256k1

Input: 2000

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
python 1.py 3177ms 13ms 8.3MB 3163ms 0ms pyston 3.8.12
python 1.py 3587ms 25ms 75.4MB 3547ms 27ms pypy 3.11.13
python 1.py 3805ms 16ms 8.9MB 3790ms 0ms cpython 3.13.5

Input: 500

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
python 1.py 802ms 4.0ms 8.3MB 793ms 0ms pyston 3.8.12
python 1.py 961ms 8.5ms 8.9MB 950ms 0ms cpython 3.13.5
python 1.py 996ms 3.5ms 68.6MB 963ms 17ms pypy 3.11.13

spectral-norm

Input: 8000

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
dart 1.dart 3748ms 2.0ms 6.4MB 3740ms 0ms dart/exe 3.8.1
dart 2.dart 4934ms 6.4ms 6.4MB 4923ms 0ms dart/exe 3.8.1
python 8.py timeout 0.0ms 14.8MB 33ms 10ms cpython 3.13.5
python 8.py timeout 0.0ms 94.7MB 680ms 60ms pypy 3.11.13
python 8.py timeout 0.0ms 14.2MB 33ms 13ms pyston 3.8.12

Input: 4000

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
dart 1.dart 939ms 0.1ms 6.3MB 930ms 0ms dart/exe 3.8.1
dart 2.dart 1238ms 0.9ms 6.4MB 1230ms 0ms dart/exe 3.8.1
python 8.py timeout 0.0ms 14.5MB 43ms 10ms cpython 3.13.5
python 8.py timeout 0.0ms 97.8MB 1170ms 147ms pypy 3.11.13
python 8.py timeout 0.0ms 13.6MB 57ms 20ms pyston 3.8.12

Input: 2000

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
dart 1.dart 240ms 2.1ms 6.3MB 230ms 0ms dart/exe 3.8.1
dart 2.dart 315ms 2.5ms 6.1MB 303ms 0ms dart/exe 3.8.1
python 8-m.py 2134ms 4.9ms 94.1MB 7090ms 240ms pypy 3.11.13
python 8.py timeout 0.0ms 14.0MB 87ms 17ms cpython 3.13.5
python 8.py timeout 0.0ms 13.2MB 133ms 33ms pyston 3.8.12