Programming Language and compiler
Benchmarks

V VS Kotlin benchmarks

Current benchmark data was generated on Sun Jul 13 2025, full log can be found HERE

CONTRIBUTIONS are WELCOME!

[x86_64][4 cores] AMD EPYC 7763 64-Core Processor (Model 1)

* -m in a file name stands for multi-threading or multi-processing

* -i in a file name stands for direct intrinsics usage. (Usage of simd intrinsics via libraries is not counted)

* -ffi in a file name stands for non-stdlib FFI usage

* (You may find time < time(user) + time(sys) for some non-parallelized programs, the overhead is from GC or JIT compiler, which are allowed to take advantage of multi-cores as that's more close to real-world scenarios.)

binarytrees

Input: 18

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
kotlin 1.kt 502ms 0.9ms 575.9MB 597ms 100ms kotlin/jvm 21
v 1.v 825ms 11ms 28.8MB 810ms 3ms v/clang+gc 0.4.11
v 1.v 2174ms 25ms 2086.6MB 1273ms 890ms v/clang 0.4.11
kotlin 1.kt 4076ms 141ms 134.1MB 4270ms 63ms kotlin/native 2.1.20

Input: 15

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
v 1.v 72ms 2.2ms 4.6MB 60ms 0ms v/clang+gc 0.4.11
kotlin 1.kt 122ms 1.3ms 159.4MB 143ms 30ms kotlin/jvm 21
v 1.v 206ms 2.7ms 197.9MB 117ms 73ms v/clang 0.4.11
kotlin 1.kt 232ms 38ms 17.6MB 243ms 3ms kotlin/native 2.1.20

coro-prime-sieve

Input: 4000

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
kotlin 2-m.kt 1827ms 163ms 237.7MB 6800ms 107ms kotlin/jvm 21
kotlin 1.kt 2186ms 6.6ms 220.6MB 2997ms 70ms kotlin/jvm 21
kotlin 2-m.kt 4215ms 20ms 21.1MB 14100ms 557ms kotlin/native 2.1.20
kotlin 1.kt timeout 0.0ms 17.3MB 5513ms 27ms kotlin/native 2.1.20
v 1.v timeout 0.0ms 18.1MB 8350ms 10927ms v/clang 0.4.11
v 1.v timeout 0.0ms 18.8MB 8527ms 10727ms v/clang+gc 0.4.11

Input: 1000

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
kotlin 2-m.kt 247ms 1.2ms 21.4MB 833ms 37ms kotlin/native 2.1.20
kotlin 1.kt 402ms 30ms 17.5MB 410ms 7ms kotlin/native 2.1.20
kotlin 1-m.kt 479ms 3.4ms 75.2MB 1080ms 47ms kotlin/jvm 21
kotlin 2-m.kt 877ms 85ms 99.4MB 3073ms 70ms kotlin/jvm 21
v 1-m.v 1386ms 26ms 10.4MB 2293ms 2940ms v/clang+gc 0.4.11
v 1-m.v 1440ms 73ms 10.0MB 2367ms 3080ms v/clang 0.4.11

edigits

Input: 250001

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
v 1.v timeout 0.0ms 8.0MB 4990ms 0ms v/clang+gc 0.4.11

Input: 100000

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
v 1.v timeout 0.0ms 4.5MB 4990ms 0ms v/clang+gc 0.4.11

fannkuch-redux

Input: 11

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
v 1.v 2199ms 24ms 1.9MB 2190ms 0ms v/clang+gc 0.4.11
v 1.v 2258ms 6.9ms 1.1MB 2250ms 0ms v/clang 0.4.11

Input: 10

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
v 1.v 186ms 0.8ms 1.9MB 180ms 0ms v/clang+gc 0.4.11
v 1.v 192ms 0.9ms 1.1MB 183ms 0ms v/clang 0.4.11

fasta

Input: 2500000

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
v 1.v 503ms 5.1ms 1.3MB 497ms 0ms v/clang 0.4.11
v 1.v 522ms 1.0ms 2.1MB 510ms 0ms v/clang+gc 0.4.11

Input: 250000

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
v 1.v 54ms 1.8ms 1.3MB 47ms 0ms v/clang 0.4.11
v 1.v 56ms 2.5ms 2.1MB 50ms 0ms v/clang+gc 0.4.11

helloworld

Input: QwQ

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
v 1.v 1.0ms 0.0ms 1.4MB 0ms 0ms v/clang 0.4.11
v 1.v 1.3ms 0.0ms 1.9MB 0ms 0ms v/clang+gc 0.4.11
kotlin 1.kt 2.2ms 0.1ms 3.0MB 0ms 0ms kotlin/native 2.1.20
kotlin 1.kt 62ms 0.6ms 47.7MB 74ms 18ms kotlin/jvm 21

lru

Input: 1000 1000000

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
kotlin 2.kt 166ms 1.3ms 12.4MB 170ms 0ms kotlin/native 2.1.20
kotlin 1-m.kt 192ms 1.4ms 95.1MB 327ms 27ms kotlin/jvm 21
kotlin 2-m.kt 201ms 1.3ms 101.4MB 460ms 30ms kotlin/jvm 21
v 1.v 259ms 3.4ms 2.1MB 250ms 0ms v/clang+gc 0.4.11
v 1.v 267ms 5.4ms 1.3MB 257ms 0ms v/clang 0.4.11
kotlin 1.kt 355ms 2.2ms 12.5MB 360ms 0ms kotlin/native 2.1.20

Input: 1000 3000000

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
kotlin 2-m.kt 315ms 3.2ms 213.2MB 557ms 47ms kotlin/jvm 21
kotlin 1.kt 344ms 7.7ms 202.9MB 473ms 37ms kotlin/jvm 21
kotlin 2.kt 477ms 5.7ms 12.4MB 507ms 0ms kotlin/native 2.1.20
v 1.v 770ms 4.1ms 2.1MB 760ms 0ms v/clang+gc 0.4.11
v 1.v 792ms 5.6ms 1.3MB 787ms 0ms v/clang 0.4.11
kotlin 1.kt 1032ms 3.9ms 12.5MB 1060ms 0ms kotlin/native 2.1.20

Input: 100 500000

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
v 1.v 91ms 2.0ms 1.3MB 83ms 0ms v/clang 0.4.11
kotlin 2.kt 94ms 0.6ms 12.8MB 87ms 0ms kotlin/native 2.1.20
v 1.v 100ms 1.6ms 2.1MB 93ms 0ms v/clang+gc 0.4.11
kotlin 1.kt 120ms 1.0ms 12.8MB 120ms 0ms kotlin/native 2.1.20
kotlin 1-m.kt 153ms 2.7ms 91.1MB 290ms 30ms kotlin/jvm 21
kotlin 2-m.kt 167ms 13ms 96.2MB 343ms 33ms kotlin/jvm 21

nbody

Input: 5000000

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
v 1.v 312ms 1.5ms 1.6MB 300ms 0ms v/clang 0.4.11
v 1.v 312ms 1.3ms 2.3MB 300ms 0ms v/clang+gc 0.4.11
kotlin 1n.kt 354ms 5.0ms 3.6MB 343ms 0ms kotlin/native 2.1.20
kotlin 1.kt 443ms 0.3ms 49.2MB 487ms 13ms kotlin/jvm 21

Input: 500000

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
v 1.v 33ms 0.0ms 1.6MB 30ms 0ms v/clang 0.4.11
v 1.v 34ms 0.2ms 2.3MB 27ms 0ms v/clang+gc 0.4.11
kotlin 1n.kt 39ms 1.6ms 3.6MB 30ms 0ms kotlin/native 2.1.20
kotlin 1-m.kt 119ms 1.7ms 49.5MB 170ms 13ms kotlin/jvm 21

nsieve

Input: 12

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
v 1.v 321ms 15ms 40.3MB 307ms 0ms v/clang 0.4.11
v 1.v 323ms 7.3ms 41.2MB 310ms 0ms v/clang+gc 0.4.11
v 2.v 329ms 1.3ms 6.1MB 320ms 0ms v/clang 0.4.11
v 2.v 331ms 4.8ms 6.9MB 323ms 0ms v/clang+gc 0.4.11

Input: 10

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
v 1.v 61ms 2.9ms 11.9MB 50ms 0ms v/clang+gc 0.4.11
v 1.v 65ms 0.6ms 11.0MB 57ms 0ms v/clang 0.4.11
v 2.v 82ms 1.5ms 3.1MB 73ms 0ms v/clang+gc 0.4.11
v 2.v 83ms 2.1ms 2.4MB 73ms 0ms v/clang 0.4.11

pidigits

Input: 8000

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
v 2.v 3245ms 96ms 4.0MB 3223ms 10ms v/clang+gc 0.4.11
kotlin 1.kt 3757ms 42ms 354.4MB 4560ms 113ms kotlin/jvm 21
kotlin 1n.kt timeout 0.0ms 26.6MB 3957ms 1507ms kotlin/native 2.1.20
kotlin 2n.kt timeout 0.0ms 30.6MB 5110ms 133ms kotlin/native 2.1.20

Input: 4000

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
v 2.v 786ms 13ms 3.1MB 773ms 0ms v/clang+gc 0.4.11
kotlin 1-m.kt 990ms 32ms 353.0MB 1737ms 93ms kotlin/jvm 21
kotlin 1n.kt timeout 0.0ms 26.3MB 3987ms 1517ms kotlin/native 2.1.20
kotlin 2n.kt timeout 0.0ms 30.9MB 5117ms 123ms kotlin/native 2.1.20

regex-redux

Input: 2500000_in

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
kotlin 1.kt timeout 0.0ms 173.5MB 5407ms 40ms kotlin/jvm 21
kotlin 1n.kt timeout 0.0ms 226.8MB 5060ms 130ms kotlin/native 2.1.20
v 1.v timeout 0.0ms 83.0MB 4980ms 10ms v/clang+gc 0.4.11

Input: 250000_in

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
kotlin 1-m.kt 830ms 6.8ms 134.5MB 1273ms 37ms kotlin/jvm 21
kotlin 1n.kt 3212ms 16ms 51.0MB 3280ms 80ms kotlin/native 2.1.20
v 1.v 3628ms 16ms 26.0MB 3613ms 0ms v/clang+gc 0.4.11

spectral-norm

Input: 8000

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
v 1.v timeout 0.0ms 1.6MB 4990ms 0ms v/clang 0.4.11
v 1.v timeout 0.0ms 2.8MB 4990ms 0ms v/clang+gc 0.4.11

Input: 4000

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
v 1.v 1289ms 3.0ms 1.5MB 1280ms 0ms v/clang 0.4.11
v 1.v 1327ms 5.5ms 2.5MB 1317ms 0ms v/clang+gc 0.4.11

Input: 2000

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
v 1.v 325ms 1.8ms 1.5MB 317ms 0ms v/clang 0.4.11
v 1.v 335ms 1.1ms 2.4MB 327ms 0ms v/clang+gc 0.4.11