Programming Language and compiler
Benchmarks

Lua VS Java benchmarks

Current benchmark data was generated on Mon May 19 2025, full log can be found HERE

CONTRIBUTIONS are WELCOME!

[x86_64][4 cores] AMD EPYC 7763 64-Core Processor (Model 1)

* -m in a file name stands for multi-threading or multi-processing

* -i in a file name stands for direct intrinsics usage. (Usage of simd intrinsics via libraries is not counted)

* -ffi in a file name stands for non-stdlib FFI usage

* (You may find time < time(user) + time(sys) for some non-parallelized programs, the overhead is from GC or JIT compiler, which are allowed to take advantage of multi-cores as that's more close to real-world scenarios.)

binarytrees

Input: 18

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
java 2.java 458ms 6.7ms 574.1MB 563ms 77ms openjdk 21
java 2-m.java 466ms 7.3ms 643.0MB 657ms 117ms graal/jvm 17.0.8
java 2.java 468ms 2.3ms 638.7MB 577ms 87ms openjdk 23
java 2.java 1195ms 46ms 1101.7MB 577ms 787ms openjdk/zgc 21
lua 1.lua 3557ms 39ms 172.9MB 3410ms 133ms luajit 2.1.0-beta3
lua 1.lua timeout 0.0ms 104.9MB 4953ms 37ms lua 5.4.7

Input: 15

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
java 2.java 128ms 1.6ms 167.0MB 157ms 33ms openjdk 21
java 2.java 133ms 5.7ms 96.5MB 163ms 30ms openjdk 23
java 2-m.java 152ms 7.0ms 215.4MB 227ms 57ms graal/jvm 17.0.8
lua 1.lua 292ms 2.5ms 15.8MB 270ms 7ms luajit 2.1.0-beta3
java 2.java 308ms 9.8ms 241.5MB 170ms 193ms openjdk/zgc 21
lua 1.lua 818ms 6.5ms 17.0MB 800ms 0ms lua 5.4.7

helloworld

Input: QwQ

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
lua 1.lua 1.5ms 0.1ms 2.1MB 0ms 0ms lua 5.4.7
lua 1.lua 1.5ms 0.1ms 2.4MB 0ms 0ms luajit 2.1.0-beta3
java 1.java 65ms 2.3ms 53.1MB 68ms 20ms graal/jvm 17.0.8
java 1.java 70ms 6.5ms 44.7MB 80ms 14ms openjdk 23
java 1.java 70ms 4.4ms 43.9MB 76ms 18ms openjdk 21
java 1.java 194ms 7.5ms 43.0MB 86ms 142ms openjdk/zgc 21

merkletrees

Input: 17

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
java 1.java 404ms 4.9ms 534.3MB 500ms 93ms openjdk 23
java 1.java 406ms 4.3ms 679.8MB 490ms 90ms openjdk 21
java 1-m.java 408ms 8.7ms 626.3MB 617ms 97ms graal/jvm 17.0.8
java 1.java 1026ms 1.9ms 933.9MB 487ms 690ms openjdk/zgc 21
lua 1.lua timeout 0.0ms 107.4MB 4950ms 33ms lua 5.4.7
lua 1.lua timeout 0.0ms 149.3MB 4930ms 57ms luajit 2.1.0-beta3

Input: 15

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
java 1-m.java 167ms 1.6ms 206.1MB 240ms 43ms openjdk 21
java 1-m.java 168ms 1.1ms 158.3MB 247ms 40ms openjdk 23
java 1-m.java 216ms 12ms 253.2MB 367ms 60ms graal/jvm 17.0.8
java 1.java 419ms 8.2ms 341.9MB 217ms 280ms openjdk/zgc 21
lua 1.lua 1219ms 43ms 31.1MB 1187ms 17ms luajit 2.1.0-beta3
lua 1.lua 2203ms 7.2ms 28.6MB 2187ms 7ms lua 5.4.7

nbody

Input: 5000000

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
java 1.java 445ms 0.4ms 45.0MB 490ms 13ms openjdk 21
java 1.java 446ms 3.8ms 48.4MB 477ms 20ms openjdk 23
java 1.java 447ms 2.3ms 82.2MB 477ms 27ms graal/jvm 17.0.8
java 1.java 577ms 2.1ms 44.8MB 497ms 140ms openjdk/zgc 21
lua 4.lua 714ms 3.6ms 2.3MB 703ms 0ms luajit 2.1.0-beta3
java 2.java 1252ms 5.6ms 639.9MB 1390ms 87ms openjdk 21
java 2.java 1277ms 19ms 794.0MB 1390ms 113ms openjdk 23
java 2.java 3274ms 53ms 2445.6MB 1653ms 1830ms openjdk/zgc 21
lua 4.lua timeout 0.0ms 2.3MB 4990ms 0ms lua 5.4.7

Input: 500000

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
lua 4.lua 75ms 1.4ms 2.4MB 67ms 0ms luajit 2.1.0-beta3
java 1.java 120ms 4.0ms 48.0MB 153ms 20ms openjdk 23
java 1.java 122ms 2.1ms 44.9MB 167ms 13ms openjdk 21
java 1-m.java 123ms 4.2ms 81.5MB 157ms 33ms graal/jvm 17.0.8
java 1.java 249ms 3.8ms 44.9MB 157ms 147ms openjdk/zgc 21
java 2-m.java 302ms 22ms 344.8MB 437ms 53ms openjdk 21
java 2-m.java 313ms 7.2ms 400.0MB 443ms 70ms openjdk 23
java 2.java 684ms 17ms 532.7MB 467ms 407ms openjdk/zgc 21
lua 4.lua 1124ms 44ms 2.3MB 1113ms 0ms lua 5.4.7

spectral-norm

Input: 8000

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
java 2-m.java 1987ms 7.3ms 47.4MB 7587ms 27ms openjdk 21
java 2-m.java 2001ms 11ms 48.8MB 7653ms 27ms openjdk 23
java 2-m.java 2120ms 12ms 45.2MB 7633ms 150ms openjdk/zgc 21
java 2-m.java 2521ms 48ms 94.9MB 9407ms 50ms graal/jvm 17.0.8
lua 1.lua 4074ms 26ms 2.5MB 4067ms 0ms luajit 2.1.0-beta3
lua 1.lua timeout 0.0ms 2.4MB 4990ms 0ms lua 5.4.7

Input: 4000

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
java 2-m.java 605ms 4.2ms 47.7MB 2140ms 20ms openjdk 21
java 2-m.java 617ms 2.8ms 48.8MB 2187ms 20ms openjdk 23
java 2-m.java 732ms 8.1ms 45.3MB 2153ms 147ms openjdk/zgc 21
java 2-m.java 776ms 4.7ms 95.1MB 2737ms 43ms graal/jvm 17.0.8
lua 1.lua 1025ms 6.0ms 2.4MB 1013ms 0ms luajit 2.1.0-beta3
lua 1.lua timeout 0.0ms 2.1MB 4990ms 0ms lua 5.4.7

Input: 2000

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
java 2-m.java 248ms 5.2ms 47.7MB 723ms 20ms openjdk 21
lua 1.lua 259ms 1.6ms 2.3MB 250ms 0ms luajit 2.1.0-beta3
java 2-m.java 267ms 4.0ms 48.4MB 787ms 20ms openjdk 23
java 2-m.java 323ms 9.1ms 94.0MB 987ms 43ms graal/jvm 17.0.8
java 2-m.java 387ms 8.0ms 45.5MB 783ms 147ms openjdk/zgc 21
lua 1.lua timeout 0.0ms 2.0MB 4990ms 0ms lua 5.4.7