Lua VS Java benchmarks

Current benchmark data was generated on Thu May 01 2025, full log can be found HERE

CONTRIBUTIONS are WELCOME!

[x86_64][4 cores] AMD EPYC 7763 64-Core Processor (Model 1)

* -m in a file name stands for multi-threading or multi-processing

* -i in a file name stands for direct intrinsics usage. (Usage of simd intrinsics via libraries is not counted)

* -ffi in a file name stands for non-stdlib FFI usage

* (You may find time < time(user) + time(sys) for some non-parallelized programs, the overhead is from GC or JIT compiler, which are allowed to take advantage of multi-cores as that's more close to real-world scenarios.)

binarytrees

Input: 18

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
java 2.java 458ms 2.1ms 574.1MB 557ms 83ms openjdk 21
java 2.java 472ms 4.2ms 620.6MB 573ms 107ms openjdk 23
java 2-m.java 478ms 13ms 644.0MB 667ms 127ms graal/jvm 17.0.8
java 2.java 1199ms 18ms 1054.6MB 590ms 770ms openjdk/zgc 21
lua 1.lua 3518ms 55ms 172.8MB 3373ms 130ms luajit 2.1.0-beta3
lua 1.lua timeout 0.0ms 104.8MB 4943ms 40ms lua 5.4.7

Input: 15

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
java 2-m.java 124ms 1.9ms 98.4MB 163ms 30ms openjdk 23
java 2-m.java 127ms 2.5ms 167.1MB 160ms 30ms openjdk 21
java 2-m.java 144ms 4.4ms 215.0MB 210ms 60ms graal/jvm 17.0.8
lua 1.lua 290ms 4.0ms 15.8MB 270ms 10ms luajit 2.1.0-beta3
java 2.java 305ms 0.9ms 241.8MB 150ms 207ms openjdk/zgc 21
lua 1.lua 809ms 8.7ms 16.9MB 790ms 0ms lua 5.4.7

helloworld

Input: QwQ

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
lua 1.lua 1.5ms 0.2ms 2.1MB 0ms 0ms lua 5.4.7
lua 1.lua 1.7ms 0.4ms 2.4MB 0ms 0ms luajit 2.1.0-beta3
java 1.java 62ms 1.3ms 52.7MB 66ms 18ms graal/jvm 17.0.8
java 1.java 71ms 1.1ms 43.7MB 74ms 12ms openjdk 21
java 1.java 72ms 2.0ms 44.7MB 76ms 14ms openjdk 23
java 1.java 189ms 5.2ms 42.9MB 80ms 136ms openjdk/zgc 21

merkletrees

Input: 17

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
java 1.java 402ms 2.9ms 547.2MB 510ms 83ms openjdk 23
java 1.java 404ms 4.1ms 679.9MB 473ms 97ms openjdk 21
java 1-m.java 405ms 5.5ms 633.0MB 597ms 110ms graal/jvm 17.0.8
java 1.java 1035ms 24ms 958.9MB 473ms 707ms openjdk/zgc 21
lua 1.lua timeout 0.0ms 107.4MB 4943ms 43ms lua 5.4.7
lua 1.lua timeout 0.0ms 149.3MB 4940ms 47ms luajit 2.1.0-beta3

Input: 15

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
java 1-m.java 163ms 2.7ms 158.7MB 237ms 47ms openjdk 23
java 1-m.java 165ms 0.4ms 207.1MB 237ms 37ms openjdk 21
java 1-m.java 214ms 5.9ms 253.7MB 350ms 67ms graal/jvm 17.0.8
java 1.java 420ms 20ms 341.6MB 217ms 277ms openjdk/zgc 21
lua 1.lua 1081ms 4.4ms 31.3MB 1053ms 13ms luajit 2.1.0-beta3
lua 1.lua 2159ms 20ms 28.8MB 2140ms 7ms lua 5.4.7

nbody

Input: 5000000

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
java 1.java 440ms 3.0ms 45.1MB 477ms 20ms openjdk 21
java 1.java 444ms 1.1ms 48.2MB 480ms 20ms openjdk 23
java 1.java 447ms 4.2ms 81.5MB 483ms 27ms graal/jvm 17.0.8
java 1.java 570ms 5.4ms 44.7MB 497ms 133ms openjdk/zgc 21
lua 4.lua 713ms 2.4ms 2.3MB 703ms 0ms luajit 2.1.0-beta3
java 2.java 1230ms 3.1ms 579.3MB 1353ms 83ms openjdk 21
java 2.java 1248ms 1.3ms 759.3MB 1357ms 110ms openjdk 23
java 2.java 3219ms 18ms 2343.5MB 1627ms 1803ms openjdk/zgc 21
lua 4.lua timeout 0.0ms 2.3MB 4990ms 0ms lua 5.4.7

Input: 500000

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
lua 4.lua 76ms 0.9ms 2.3MB 70ms 0ms luajit 2.1.0-beta3
java 1.java 119ms 2.0ms 45.2MB 157ms 20ms openjdk 21
java 1.java 120ms 1.7ms 48.4MB 157ms 20ms openjdk 23
java 1.java 125ms 4.1ms 81.6MB 153ms 33ms graal/jvm 17.0.8
java 1.java 243ms 3.0ms 44.8MB 167ms 140ms openjdk/zgc 21
java 2-m.java 286ms 3.4ms 356.7MB 417ms 53ms openjdk 21
java 2-m.java 310ms 7.8ms 413.9MB 440ms 70ms openjdk 23
java 2.java 684ms 9.8ms 530.4MB 453ms 420ms openjdk/zgc 21
lua 4.lua 1142ms 41ms 2.3MB 1133ms 0ms lua 5.4.7

spectral-norm

Input: 8000

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
java 2-m.java 1991ms 5.9ms 47.8MB 7610ms 23ms openjdk 21
java 2-m.java 1993ms 9.7ms 48.4MB 7613ms 30ms openjdk 23
java 2-m.java 2124ms 14ms 45.4MB 7600ms 157ms openjdk/zgc 21
java 2-m.java 2505ms 22ms 93.6MB 9400ms 40ms graal/jvm 17.0.8
lua 1.lua 4063ms 2.9ms 2.5MB 4053ms 0ms luajit 2.1.0-beta3
lua 1.lua timeout 0.0ms 2.5MB 4990ms 0ms lua 5.4.7

Input: 4000

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
java 2-m.java 600ms 7.0ms 47.8MB 2137ms 20ms openjdk 21
java 2-m.java 609ms 4.3ms 48.7MB 2157ms 23ms openjdk 23
java 2-m.java 729ms 2.4ms 45.4MB 2157ms 140ms openjdk/zgc 21
java 2-m.java 768ms 0.7ms 93.5MB 2703ms 37ms graal/jvm 17.0.8
lua 1.lua 1023ms 1.2ms 2.4MB 1013ms 0ms luajit 2.1.0-beta3
lua 1.lua timeout 0.0ms 2.1MB 4990ms 0ms lua 5.4.7

Input: 2000

lang code time stddev peak-mem mem time(user) time(sys) compiler compiler/runtime
java 2-m.java 251ms 5.6ms 47.5MB 753ms 17ms openjdk 21
java 2-m.java 258ms 5.3ms 48.9MB 763ms 20ms openjdk 23
lua 1.lua 262ms 0.6ms 2.3MB 250ms 0ms luajit 2.1.0-beta3
java 2-m.java 311ms 24ms 94.6MB 957ms 37ms graal/jvm 17.0.8
java 2-m.java 372ms 10ms 45.2MB 733ms 140ms openjdk/zgc 21
lua 1.lua timeout 0.0ms 2.0MB 4990ms 0ms lua 5.4.7